ABSTRACT
Vegetable
enterprise
in
the
valley
of
Kashmir
holds
tremendous
significance
as
it
ensures
nutritional
requirements
population,
enhances
profitability
farming
sector,
and
has
enormous
employability
potential
this
predominantly
agrarian
economy.
The
present
study
explores
logistics
vegetable
enterprises,
primarily
focusing
on
spatial
spread
market
centers,
their
functioning,
role,
efficiency
supply
chains,
postharvest
losses,
constraints.
used
Nearest
Neighbor
Analysis,
Location
Quotient,
Rao's
Sphere
Influence
method
to
demarcate
Trade
Area.
It
was
found
that
there
is
a
random
distribution
markets
with
Rn
value
1.12
across
region,
largest
trade
area
(27
sq
km)
second‐order
center
at
Srinagar.
From
Boxall
loss
method,
between
20%
25%
vegetables
are
lost
along
entire
chain
account
inadequate
infrastructure
lack
technology
awareness.
analysis
reveals
shorter
chains
exhibit
higher
compared
extended
chains.
However,
despite
lesser
efficiency,
these
comprised
producers,
preharvest
contractors,
wholesalers,
retailers,
consumers
more
prevalent
(51%)
small
farm
size,
low
income,
quantity
produce,
which
validated
from
results
Chi‐square
Analysis
Variance
tests
(
p
<
0.05)
level
significance.
constraint
analysis,
revealed
numerous
intermediaries,
sizes,
counseling
training,
an
improper
support
system,
information
main
obstacles
enterprise.
Policy
interventions
for
upgradation
infrastructure,
strengthening
farmer's
cooperative
societies,
easy
access
finance,
awareness
needed
streamlining
operations,
reducing
wastage,
improving
productivity
ensure
long‐term
sustainability
Weather and Climate Dynamics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(1), С. 43 - 112
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Abstract.
Western
disturbances
(WDs)
are
synoptic-scale
weather
systems
embedded
within
the
subtropical
westerly
jet.
Manifesting
as
upper-level
troughs
often
associated
with
a
lower-tropospheric
low
over
western
or
northern
India,
they
share
some
dynamical
features
extratropical
cyclones.
WDs
most
common
during
boreal
winter
(December
to
March),
which
bring
majority
of
precipitation
–
both
rain
and
snow
Himalaya,
well
surrounding
areas
north
Pakistan,
Tibetan
Plateau.
also
hazards
such
heavy
snowfall,
hailstorms,
fog,
cloudbursts,
avalanches,
frost,
cold
waves.
In
this
paper,
we
review
recent
developments
in
understanding
their
impacts.
Over
last
decade,
studies
have
collectively
made
use
novel
data,
analysis
techniques
tracking
algorithms,
increasing
availability
high-resolution
climate
models.
This
is
separated
into
six
main
sections
structure
thermodynamics,
impacts,
teleconnections,
modelling
experiments,
forecasting
at
range
scales,
paleoclimate
change
each
motivated
brief
discussion
accomplishments
limitations
previous
research.
A
number
step
changes
synthesised.
Use
new
frameworks
algorithms
has
significantly
improved
knowledge
WD
variability,
more
frequentist
approach
can
now
be
taken.
Improved
observation
helped
quantification
water
security
Himalaya.
Convection-permitting
models
our
how
interact
Himalaya
trigger
natural
hazards.
Improvements
future
experiments
explain
impacts
respond
large-scale
anthropogenic
forcings.
We
end
by
summarising
unresolved
questions
outlining
key
research
topics.
Abstract.
Western
disturbances
(WDs)
are
synoptic-scale
weather
systems
embedded
within
the
subtropical
westerly
jet.
Manifesting
as
upper-level
troughs
often
associated
with
a
lower-tropospheric
low
over
India,
they
share
some
dynamical
features
extratropical
cyclones.
WDs
most
common
during
boreal
winter
(December
to
March),
which
bring
majority
of
precipitation
–
both
rain
and
snow
Himalaya,
well
surrounding
areas
north
Pakistan
Tibetan
Plateau.
also
hazards
such
heavy
snowfall,
hailstorms,
fog,
cloudbursts,
avalanches,
frost,
coldwaves.
In
this
paper,
we
review
recent
understanding
development
on
WDs.
Recent
studies
have
collectively
made
use
novel
data,
analysis
techniques,
increasing
availability
high-resolution
climate
models.
This
is
separated
into
six
main
sections
structure
thermodynamics,
impacts,
teleconnections,
modelling
experiments,
forecasting
at
range
scales,
paleoclimate
change
each
motivated
brief
discussion
accomplishments
limitations
previous
research.
A
number
step
changes
in
synthesised.
Use
new
frameworks
tracking
algorithms
has
significantly
improved
knowledge
WD
variability,
more
frequentist
approach
can
now
be
taken.
Improved
observation
helped
quantification
water
security
Himalaya.
Convection-permitting
models
our
how
interact
Himalayas
trigger
natural
hazards.
Improvements
future
experiments
explain
their
impacts
Himalaya
respond
large-scale
anthropogenic
forcings.
We
end
by
summarising
unresolved
questions
outlining
key
research
topics.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(17), С. 7691 - 7691
Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2024
The
fragile
environment
of
the
Himalayan
region
is
prone
to
natural
hazards,
which
are
intensified
by
climate
change,
leading
food
and
livelihood
insecurity
for
inhabitants.
Therefore,
building
resilience
in
most
dominant
sector,
i.e.,
agricultural
has
become
a
priority
development
planning.
To
assess
perils
induced
change
on
agriculture
sector
ecologically
Kashmir
Valley,
study
been
conducted
evaluate
risk
using
Intergovernmental
Panel
Climate
Change
(IPCC)
framework.
index
derived
based
socioeconomic
ecological
indicators
determinants,
vulnerability,
hazard,
exposure.
Furthermore,
also
evaluated
future
under
changing
climatic
conditions
Shared
Socioeconomic
Pathways
(SSPs)
SSP2-4.5
SSP5-8.5
at
mid-
late-century
timescales.
It
was
observed
that
districts
such
as
Bandipora
(0.59),
Kulgam
(0.56),
Ganderbal
Kupwara
(0.54)
vulnerable
due
drivers
like
low
per
capita
income,
yield
variability,
areas
with
>30%
slope.
Shopian
Srinagar
were
found
be
least
adaptive
capacity
factors
diversification,
crop
percentage
tree
crops,
labor.
In
terms
Risk
index,
high
Baramulla
(0.19),
Pulwama
(0.16),
(0.15),
Budgam
(0.13).
addition,
findings
suggested
would
experience
higher
hazards
(MC)
end-century
(EC)
projected
increase
temperature
decreasing
precipitation,
have
an
impact
yields
livelihoods
farmers
region.
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(S1), С. 175 - 185
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Climate
change,
a
critical
global
environmental
crisis,
profoundly
impacts
ecosystems,
particularly
in
regions
with
delicate
balances.
This
study
focuses
on
the
Jhelum
basin
north-western
Himalayas,
examining
extensive
effects
of
climate
change
glaciers,
snow
cover,
land
use
and
cover
(LULC),
surface
temperature
(LST),
water
resources,
natural
hazards.
Rising
temperatures
have
accelerated
glacier
melting
altered
precipitation
patterns,
significant
implications
for
local
supplies
agriculture.
The
analyses
data
from
Indian
Meteorological
Department
(1990
to
2020),
revealing
increasing
trends
both
maximum
minimum
temperatures,
alongside
variable
across
different
locations.
retreat
glaciers
expansion
glacial
lakes
been
observed,
lower-elevation
showing
most
reduction.
LULC
changes
indicate
shift
agricultural
settlements
horticulture,
while
LST
has
risen,
urbanized
areas,
reflecting
impact
urbanization
change.
Furthermore,
increased
frequency
extreme
weather
events,
such
as
floods
landslides,
exacerbates
region’s
vulnerability,
threatening
infrastructure,
biodiversity,
communities.
findings
highlight
necessity
comprehensive,
integrated
approaches
address
ensure
resilience
basin.
research
contributes
valuable
insights
into
changing
dynamics,
essential
informed
decision-making
effective
adaptation
strategies
response
ongoing
crisis.
