Complex physiology and clinical implications of time-restricted eating

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(4), С. 1991 - 2034

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a dietary intervention that limits food consumption to specific time window each day. The effect of TRE on body weight and physiological functions has been extensively studied in rodent models, which have shown considerable therapeutic effects important interactions among eating, circadian biology, metabolic homeostasis. In contrast, it difficult make firm conclusions regarding the people because heterogeneity results, regimens, study populations. this review, we 1) provide background history meal normal physiology fasting; 2) discuss interaction between molecular metabolism TRE; 3) integrate results preclinical clinical studies evaluated functions; 4) summarize other time-related interventions people; identify current gaps knowledge framework for future research directions.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Intermittent Fasting in Human Compared to a Non-intervention Diet and Caloric Restriction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Май 2, 2022

Background The popularity of applying intermittent fasting (IF) has increased as more and people are trying to avoid or alleviate obesity metabolic disease. This study aimed systematically explore the effects various IF in humans. Methods randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related vs. non-intervention diet caloric restriction (CR) were retrieved PubMed, Web Science, Cochrane Library database, Embase. Extraction outcomes included, but not limited to, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), glucose, triglyceride (TG). Results includes 43 RCTs with 2,483 participants. intervention time was at least 1 month, median 3 months. Contrasting results between showed that participants had lower weight (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.09–2.12, p 0.03) BMI after (WMD 0.38, 0.08–0.68, 0.01). WC decreased significantly compared 1.02, 0.06–1.99, 0.04). regulated fat (FM) effectively than 0.74, 0.17–1.31, fat-free higher −0.73, (−1.45)–(−0.02), 0.05). There no blood glucose concentrations groups. insulin HOMA-IR, though, indicated beneficial (standard (SMD) −0.21, 0.02–0.40, 0.03, WMD 0.35, 0.04–0.65, respectively). Cholesterol TG also a nonintervention (SMD 0.22, 0.09–0.35, 0.001 SMD 0.13, 0.00–0.26, 0.05, did differ from CR except for reduced WC. Conclusion Intermittent reducing WC, FM without affecting lean diet. improved resistance lipid conditions diets. However, less benefit over CR.

Язык: Английский

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Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(9)

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023

Overnutrition is a risk factor for various human diseases, including neurodegenerative metabolic disorders, and cancers. Therefore, targeting overnutrition represents simple but attractive strategy the treatment of these increasing public health threats. Fasting as dietary intervention combating has been extensively studied. practiced millennia, only recently have its roles in molecular clock, gut microbiome, tissue homeostasis function emerged. can slow aging most species protect against These centuried unfading adventures explorations suggest that fasting potential to delay help prevent treat diseases while minimizing side effects caused by chronic interventions. In this review, recent animal studies concerning role underlying mechanism physiology pathology are summarized, therapeutic highlighted, combination pharmacological discussed new regimen diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: Clinical evidence and mechanism

MedComm, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Abstract For centuries, the search for nutritional interventions to underpin cardiovascular treatment and prevention guidelines has contributed rapid development of field dietary patterns cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Numerous studies have demonstrated that healthy with emphasis on food‐based recommendations are gold standard extending lifespan reducing risks CMD mortality. Healthy include various permutations energy restriction, macronutrients, food intake such as calorie intermittent fasting, Mediterranean diet, plant‐based diets, etc. Early implementation in patients is encouraged, but an understanding mechanisms by which these trigger benefits remains incomplete. Hence, this review examined several may improve health, including restrictive patterns, regional diets based controlled macronutrients groups, summarizing cutting‐edge evidence potential treatment. Particularly, considering individual differences responses composition changes organ tissue diversity, we highlighted critical role gut microbiota crosstalk between diet recommend a more precise dynamic strategy developing profiles.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Intermittent Fasting and/or Caloric Restriction on Aging-Related Outcomes in Adults: A Scoping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 316 - 316

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2024

Intermittent fasting (IF) and caloric restriction (CR) are dietary strategies to prevent attenuate obesity associated with conditions aging-related outcomes. This scoping review examined the cardiometabolic, cancer, neurocognitive outcome differences between IF CR interventions among adults. We applied a systematic approach scope published randomized controlled trials (databases: PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsychInfo, Scopus, Google Scholar) from inception through August 2023. The initial search provided 389 unique articles which were critically appraised. Thirty met eligibility criteria for inclusion: 12 IF, 10 CR, 8 combined interventions. weight loss; however, studies tended report greater adherence compared CR. Overall, equivalently effective across Our findings suggest that has health benefits in variety of may be better accepted tolerated than but more comparative research is required.

Язык: Английский

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