Liquid Biopsy for Lung Cancer: Up-to-Date and Perspectives for Screening Programs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2505 - 2505

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2023

Lung cancer is the deadliest worldwide. Tissue biopsy currently employed for diagnosis and molecular stratification of lung cancer. Liquid a minimally invasive approach to determine biomarkers from body fluids, such as blood, urine, sputum, saliva. Tumor cells release cfDNA, ctDNA, exosomes, miRNAs, circRNAs, CTCs, DNA methylated fragments, among others, which can be successfully used diagnosis, prognosis, prediction treatment response. Predictive are well-established managing cancer, liquid options have emerged in last few years. Currently, detecting EGFR p.(Tyr790Met) mutation plasma samples patients has been predicting response monitoring tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi)-treated with In addition, many efforts continue bring more sensitive technologies improve detection clinically relevant Moreover, dramatically decrease turnaround time laboratory reports, accelerating beginning improving overall survival patients. Herein, we summarized all available emerging approaches biopsy—techniques, molecules, sample type—for

Язык: Английский

---

American Cancer Society’s report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2023

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 74(2), С. 136 - 166

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023

Abstract In 2021, the American Cancer Society published its first biennial report on status of cancer disparities in United States. this second report, authors provide updated data racial, ethnic, socioeconomic (educational attainment as a marker), and geographic (metropolitan status) occurrence outcomes contributing factors to these country. The also review programs that have reduced policy recommendations further mitigate inequalities. There are substantial variations risk factors, stage at diagnosis, receipt care, survival, mortality for many cancers by race/ethnicity, educational attainment, metropolitan status. During 2016 through 2020, Black Indian/Alaska Native people continued bear disproportionately higher burden deaths, both overall from major cancers. By rates were about 1.6–2.8 times individuals with ≤12 years education than those ≥16 among White men women. These within each race considerably larger Black–White ranging 1.03 1.5 people, suggesting role racial given disproportionally representation lower groups. Of note, largest who had education. area residence, all leading causes death substantially nonmetropolitan areas large areas. For colorectal cancer, example, versus 23% males 21% females. age group, greater younger 65 aged older. Many observed socioeconomic, align exposure access prevention, early detection, treatment, which largely rooted fundamental inequities social determinants health. Equitable policies levels government, broad interdisciplinary engagement address inequities, equitable implementation evidence‐based interventions, such increasing health insurance coverage, needed reduce disparities.

Язык: Английский

---

Social and Biological Determinants in Lung Cancer Disparity

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 612 - 612

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of death in the United States and globally, despite progress treatment screening efforts. While mortality rates have decreased recent years, long-term survival patients with lung continues to be challenge. Notably, African American (AA) men experience significant disparities compared European Americans (EA) terms incidence, treatment, survival. Previous studies explored factors such as smoking patterns complex social determinants, including socioeconomic status, personal beliefs, systemic racism, indicating their role these disparities. In addition factors, emerging evidence points variations tumor biology, immunity, comorbid conditions contributing racial this disease. This review emphasizes differences patterns, screening, early detection intricate interplay social, biological, environmental that make more susceptible developing experiencing poorer outcomes.

Язык: Английский

---

Access to and Timeliness of Lung Cancer Surgery, Radiation Therapy, and Systemic Therapy in New Zealand: A Universal Health Care Context

JCO Global Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

PURPOSE Lung cancer is the biggest killer of indigenous peoples worldwide, including Māori people in New Zealand. There some evidence disparities access to lung treatment between and non-Māori patients, but an examination depth breadth these needed. Here, we use national-level data examine surgery, radiation therapy systemic European as well timing relative diagnosis. METHODS We included all registrations across Zealand from 2007 2019 (N = 27,869) compared with using inpatient, outpatient, pharmaceutical records. RESULTS patients appeared less likely surgery than (Māori, 14%; European, 20%; adjusted odds ratio [adj OR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.73 0.92]), curative 10%; 16%; adj OR, 0.72 0.62 0.84]). These differences were only partially explained by stage comorbidity. no or once for confounding age. Although it that there was a longer time diagnosis this difference small requires further investigation. CONCLUSION Our observation rates who not disease, tumor type, comorbidity suggests may be good candidates are missing out on greater extent their counterparts.

Язык: Английский

---

Healthcare disparities, screening, and molecular testing in the changing landscape of non–small cell lung cancer in the United States: a review

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(4), С. 1217 - 1231

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

Inequitable access to care continues hinder improvements in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. This review describes healthcare disparities the changing landscape non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) United States, focusing on racial, ethnic, sex-based, socioeconomic trends. Furthermore, strategies address disparities, overcome challenges, improve patient outcomes are proposed. Barriers exist across screening, diagnosis, regimens, varying by sex, age, race ethnicity, geography, status. Incidence mortality rates higher among Black men than White men, incidences young women substantially greater men. Disparities may be attributed geographic differences screening access, with correlating incidence rural versus urban areas. Lower status is also linked lower survival rates. Several could help reduce outcomes. Current guidelines eligibility incorporating race, variables. Patient clinician education patient-level barriers key, biomarker testing critical since ~ 70% patients NSCLC have an actionable biomarker. Timely staging, comprehensive testing, including cell-free DNA liquid biopsy, provide valuable guidance for NSCLC. Efforts decrease bias, about needed

Язык: Английский

---

The Current Roadmap of Lung Cancer Biology, Genomics and Racial Disparity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(8), С. 3818 - 3818

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Globally, lung cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer-related death. There are two large histological groups cancer: small-cell (SCLC) and non-small-cell (NSCLC). Based on histopathological molecular features, adenocarcinoma (ADC) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) major histologic subtypes NSCLC. Various epidemiological environmental factors linked with an increased risk cancer. However, these show disparities in patients divergent racial ethnic backgrounds. Interestingly, different populations were found to harbor distinct features as evidenced by variations genetic mutation profiles. Moreover, diverse progression patterns identified cancer, which could be crucial improving diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic planning. In concert a plethora nuclear alterations, mitochondrial alteration, epigenetic reprogramming, microbial dysbiosis, immune alteration signatures have been various types. This review article provides comprehensive overview screening tests treatment strategies for NSCLC SCLC, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, immunotherapies. Through unification aspects, this aspires complete understanding cancer’s genomics, biology, landscapes, disparity seeks understand essential role occurrence treatment.

Язык: Английский

---

Non‐small cell lung cancer disparities in stage at presentation and treatment for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander women

Journal of Surgical Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 127(5), С. 882 - 890

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPI) represent the fastest-growing group in United States. While described aggregate, great variations exist within community. We aimed to determine whether there were differences stage at presentation treatment status among AANHPI women with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Between 2004 2016, we identified 522 361 female patients newly diagnosed NSCLC from National Cancer Database. Multivariable logistic regression models used define adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of presenting IV disease not receiving treatment.AANHPI more likely present compared White (54.32% vs. 40.28%, p < 0.001). Aside Hawaiian, Pakistani, Hmong women, all other ethnic groups had greater than women. <65 years (p = 0.030). Only Vietnamese showed a significant difference (aOR 1.30 [1.06-1.58], 0.010) for likelihood White.Differences observed when populations disaggregated.

Язык: Английский

---

The Role of Sublobar Resection for the Surgical Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Current Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(7), С. 7019 - 7030

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2023

Lung cancer is the most common killer in world. The standard of care for surgical treatment non-small cell lung has been lobectomy. Recent studies have identified that sublobar resection non-inferior survival rates compared to lobectomy, however. Sublobar may increase number patients who can tolerate surgery and reduce postoperative pulmonary decline. appears equivalent results with small, peripheral tumors no lymph node disease. As utilization segmentectomy increases, there be some centers perform this operation more than other centers. Care must taken ensure all access modality. Future investigations should focus on examining outcomes from as it applied widely. When employed a broad scale, morbidity monitored. performed frequently, experience improved quality life while maintaining same oncologic benefit.

Язык: Английский

---

Structural Racism as a Contributor to Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates Among Black Populations in the United States

Cancer Control, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Background Although racial disparities in lung cancer incidence and mortality have diminished recent years, remains the second most diagnosed among US Black populations. Many factors contributing to are rooted structural racism. To quantify this relationship, we examined associations between a multidimensional measure of county-level racism county rates populations, while accounting for levels environmental quality. Methods We merged 2016-2020 data from United States Cancer Statistics Data Visualization Tool, pre-existing index, Environmental Protection Agency’s 2006-2010 Quality Index (EQI), 2023 County Health Rankings, 2021 Census American Community Survey. conducted multivariable linear regressions examine rates. Results Among males females, each standard deviation increase score was associated with an 6.4 (95% CI: 4.4, 8.5) cases per 100,000 3.3 2.0, 4.6) deaths 100,000. When examining these stratified by sex, larger were observed male populations than females. Conclusion Structural contributes both number new caused Those aiming reduce should consider addressing as root-cause.

Язык: Английский

---

Caucasian validation of downstaging from IIB to IIA in T1N1M0 patients within the 9th edition of the non‐small cell lung cancer tumor‐node‐metastasis staging

Cancer Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(14)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Background The 9th edition of the lung cancer tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) staging introduced adjustments, including reclassification T1N1M0 patients from stage IIB to IIA. This update used data mostly Asian populations. However, applicability these adjustments Caucasian remains uncertain. Methods Stage II non‐small cell (NSCLC) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included. Kaplan–Meier analysis with log‐rank testing compared overall survival (OS) cancer‐specific (CSS). Propensity score matching (PSM) balanced baseline characteristics. least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO)‐based Cox analyses identified prognostic factors. Among 10,470 eligible NSCLC (median age: 69 years; male: 53.1%), there 2736 in IIA, 2112 IIA New, 5622 groups. Before PSM, outcomes New similar those but better than IIB. After showed rates (OS, p = 0.276; CSS, 0.565). Conversely, had worse < 0.001; 0.005). LASSO‐based confirmed inferior prognosis (OS HR: 1 vs. 1.325, CSS 1.327, 0.001). Conclusions downstaging TNM unverified Caucasians. Caution is warranted assessing individuals. Further validation our findings necessary.

Язык: Английский

---