Psychosis superspectrum I: Nosology, etiology, and lifespan development

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4), С. 1005 - 1019

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Is the end in the beginning? Child maltreatment increases the risk of non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts through impaired personality functioning

Child Abuse & Neglect, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 133, С. 105870 - 105870

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Adverse childhood experiences and personality functioning interact substantially in predicting depression, anxiety, and somatization

Personality and Mental Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(3), С. 246 - 258

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2023

Etiological theories on the development of psychopathology often incorporate adverse childhood experiences (ACE) as an important contributing factor. Recent studies suggest personality functioning (PF; i.e., stability self and interpersonal relationships) transdiagnostic construct that could be useful in better understanding when persons with ACE do (not) develop psychopathological symptoms. A representative sample N = 2363 was assessed by questionnaires ACE, PF (Level Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form 2.0), current symptoms depression, anxiety, somatization (Brief Symptom Inventory 18). The interaction between investigated using multiple group models Bayesian structural equation modeling. were positively associated impairments. effect explained incremental variance symptoms, ranging from 26% for to 49% depression complete model explaining up 91% latent psychopathology. Our findings indicate a diathesis-stress resource or resilience may buffer against face adversity. Treatments anxiety targeting therefore lead improvements relapse prevention. [Correction added 15 March 2023, after first online publication: Level has been replaced 2.0 ].

Язык: Английский

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Dissociative and Psychotic Features

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 254 - 272

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Abstract Dissociative and psychotic symptoms are transdiagnostic phenomena that frequently co-occur in individuals with personality disorder (PD). They associated heightened levels of psychopathology, psychosocial impairments, an increased risk self-harm, can interfere therapy progress. Therefore, they should be routinely assessed, using standardized measures. Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for dissociative PD. While there increasing evidence efficacy cognitive- dialectical-behavioral interventions symptoms, further research needed regarding This chapter provides overview conceptualization within ICD-11 classification PD its empirical foundation, explores early trauma as a potential shared etiological factor, discusses assessment PD, including challenges differential diagnosis.

Язык: Английский

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Influence of Childhood Maltreatment on Schizoid Personality Pathology

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Март 22, 2025

Schizoid personality disorder (SPD) is among the most enduring forms of pathology. Research suggests that one factor associated with schizoid pathology childhood maltreatment, although it unclear which specific experiences maltreatment may be impactful. In this study, we examined associations between different (e.g. physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, physical emotional neglect) in a sample men women recruited online (N = 327) using Bayesian approach to structural equation modeling. Results suggest neglect had strongest association over above other traumatic life events. Findings further indicate as well negative events are but only abuse for women. These findings provide support influence on have implications future research clinical intervention.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical Implications of ICD-11 for Diagnosing and Treating Personality Disorders

Current Psychiatry Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(10), С. 553 - 563

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The impact of childhood trauma on borderline personality organization in a community sample of Greek emerging adults

Acta Psychologica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 244, С. 104181 - 104181

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024

There is limited research on the role of childhood trauma in personality pathology according to Kernberg's psychodynamic model internalized object relations. Because reflects disruptions these relations, it expected predict borderline organization, especially at threshold adulthood. Therefore, main aim this retrospective study was examine impact organization a community sample emerging adults. Participants were 543 Greek individuals aged 18-29 (M = 21.45; 58.6 % females; 85.1 university students). They completed versions Traumatic Antecedents Questionnaire (TAQ) and Inventory Personality Organization (IPO), which tested for their factorial structure, reliability, measurement invariance across gender, as few empirical data exist psychometric properties measures. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that TAQ consisted four factors, namely positive experiences, abuse, traumatic life events, family chaos. The five-factor theoretical structure IPO, primitive defenses, identity diffusion, reality testing, aggression, moral values, confirmed. Low moderate links between found, with stronger abuse Structural equation modeling various forms age periods studied (i.e., 0-6, 7-12, 13-18) significantly differentially predicted dimensions organization. finding emerged when occurred older ages may be attributed method study. Gender differences also found; example, more likely men events younger important risk women. This highlights adversity adulthood, provides support model, has useful implications trauma-informed early screening, prevention, intervention regarding young people. Limitations suggestions future are outlined.

Язык: Английский

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Personality functioning and the pathogenic effect of childhood maltreatment in a high-risk sample

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2022

Abstract Background While the psychopathological sequalae of childhood maltreatment are widely acknowledged, less is known about underlying pathways by which might lead to an increased risk for mental health problems. Recent studies indicated that impaired personality functioning mediate this relationship. The aim present paper was extend current literature investigating mediating effect between different types and self-reported problems in a high-risk sample. Methods Overall, 173 young adults (mean age = 26.61 years; SD 3.27) with history residential child welfare juvenile justice placements Switzerland were included study. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), Semi-structured Interview Personality Functioning DSM-5 (STiP-5.1) self-report questionnaires Achenbach System Empirically Based Assessment scales (ASEBA) used. Mediation analyses conducted through structural equation modeling. Results 76.3% (N 132) participants at least one type maltreatment, emotional neglect being most commonly reported (60.7%). A total 30.6% 53) Emotional abuse (r 0.34; p < .001) 0.28; found be strongly associated In addition, fond significant mediator overall ( β 0.089; 0.008) 0.077; 0.016). Finally, self-functioning when both interpersonal as potential mediators relationship 1 0.177, 0.007) 0.173, 0.003). Conclusion may particularly important context functioning, and, therefore, should not overlooked next more “obvious” forms maltreatment. Combining interventions designed trauma-informed practices standard services counteract outcomes maltreated children adolescents.

Язык: Английский

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Maladaptive personality traits may link childhood trauma history to current internalizing symptoms

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 63(5), С. 468 - 475

Опубликована: Май 23, 2022

Research supports a strong relationship between childhood maltreatment and internalizing psychopathology (e.g., anxiety depression), features of personality are assumed to explain some this relationship. In study, we proposed model in which maladaptive traits mediate the effect trauma history on symptoms adult individuals. A mixed sample ( N = 462) composed 142 psychiatric patients 320 community‐dwelling individuals completed Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 (PID‐5), Symptom Checklist (SCL‐27) psychopathology. The traumas explained 34% variance while controlling influence age gender. accounted 78% effect, was predominantly exerted through domains Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Psychoticism, specifically facets Depressivity, Suspiciousness, Anxiousness, Perceptual Dysregulation, Distractibility. This finding provides preliminary support indicating that aforementioned trait potentially function as mediating links by translated into adulthood. However, these findings must be interpreted with caution due cross‐sectional retrospective mono‐method design study. Clinical implications discussed relation transdiagnostic treatment potential value specifying domain specifiers ICD‐11 models disorders.

Язык: Английский

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New Zealand (Aotearoa) clinicians' perspectives on the utility of the ICD‐11 personality disorder diagnosis

Personality and Mental Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(3), С. 282 - 291

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

The ICD-11 has now taken effect and includes a new dimensional personality disorder (PD) diagnosis. current study aimed to examine Aotearoa/New Zealand practitioners' perceptions of the clinical utility PD system. A sample 124 psychologists psychiatrists completed survey, applying DSM-5 diagnostic systems patient, metrics on models. Additional open-ended questions further elicited clinicians' strengths, weaknesses potential application issues diagnosis, these responses were analysed through thematic analysis. Overall, system was rated higher than all six metrics, with no significant difference between psychologists' psychiatrists' ratings. Five themes emerged: appreciation for an alternative DSM-5, structural barriers preventing implementation, personal diagnoses viewed as low utility, clinician preference formulation cultural safety considerations implementation in Aotearoa/NZ. clinicians had positive opinions although expressed some concerns about its implementation. expands upon initial evidence that mental health practitioners have generally PDs' utility.

Язык: Английский

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