Enhancing maize resistance to Fusarium verticillioides through modulation of cell wall structure and components by ZmXYXT2

Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Fusarium verticillioides (F. verticillioides) is a prevalent phytopathogen that incites severe diseases in maize, resulting substantial reductions grain yield and quality. Despite its widespread impact, the genetic mechanisms underlying resistance to this pathogen remain elusive, with only limited of resistant genes having been identified date. Characterize function ZmXYXT2 encoding putative xylan xylosyltransferase maize defense against F. verticillioides-induced diseases. Real-time quantitative PCR transitory transformation protoplasts were conducted analyze expression pattern subcellular localization ZmXYXT2. The zmxyxt2 mutant, sourced from an ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis library, ZmXYXT2-overexpressing plants, generated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, utilized for artificial inoculation followed by disease severity assessments. Phenotypic assessments, cytological observations, analysis cell wall components, histochemical staining performed elucidate regulatory absence renders vulnerable verticillioides-caused seedling blight, stalk rot, ear rot seed along notable increase fumonisin B1 accumulation. Conversely, plants overexpressing exhibited significantly heightened immunity these Moreover, overexpression results changes composition walls, specifically increasing levels arabinose, xylose ferulic acid. These alterations lead thickening, effectively barring intracellular invasion colonization verticillioides, thereby halting dissemination between cells. Intriguingly, exhibit enhanced stem strength without compromising yield-related traits. provides multiple triggered mitigates accumulation B1. Our study presents novel approach bolster comprehensive modifying strengthen natural defenses.

Язык: Английский

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The E3 ubiquitin ligase SlATL2 suppresses tomato immunity by promoting SlCSN5a degradation during pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000 infection

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(6)

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Abstract Plant immunity involves complex regulatory mechanisms that mediate the activation of defense responses against pathogens. Protein degradation via ubiquitination plays a crucial role in modulating these defenses, with E3 ubiquitin ligases functioning as central regulators. This study investigates SlATL2, an ARABIDOPSIS TÓXICOS EN LEVADURA (ATL)-type ligase localized plasma membrane, immune response tomato plants Pseudomonas syringae pv. (Pst) DC3000. Our findings demonstrate SlATL2 expression is induced upon Pst DC3000 infection and treatment hormones salicylic acid jasmonic acid. Functionally, negatively regulates responses, impairing resistance to suppressing flg22-triggered immunity. In addition, limits pathogen-induced reactive oxygen species callose accumulation by targeting COP9 signalosome subunit 5a (SlCSN5a), key positive regulator interaction, which occurs N-terminal residue results 26S proteasomal SlCSN5a, thereby SA-dependent genes associated limiting production. work sheds light on molecular mechanism through attenuates for degradation. These discoveries deepen our insights into post-translational governing plant provide fresh opportunities bolster crop bacterial

Язык: Английский

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Detection of Ganoderma boninense in upper part stem of oil palm

International Journal of Pest Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A portable, nanopore-based genotyping platform for near real-time detection of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici lineages and fungicide sensitivity

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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In Situ Antimicrobial Properties of Sabinene Hydrate, a Secondary Plant Metabolite

Molecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(17), С. 4252 - 4252

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2024

The objective of this research was to investigate natural products for their potential against pathogenic microorganisms. Sabinene hydrate (SH), a monoterpenoid, is synthesised by numerous different plants as secondary metabolite. At present, there lack definite investigations regarding the antimicrobial activity SH itself and its isomers. effects commercially available (composed mainly trans-isomer) were evaluated within range concentrations in three types contact tests: solid vapor diffusion macro-broth dilution method. Moreover, on rate linear growth spore germination also examined. Ethanolic solutions tested an array microorganisms, including blue-stain fungi (Ceratocystis polonica, Ophiostoma bicolor, O. penicillatum), frequently originating from bark beetle galleries; fungal strains (Musicillium theobromae, Plectosphaerella cucumerina, Trichoderma sp.) isolated sapwood underneath galleries (Ips typographus) spruce (Picea abies) stems; Verticillium fungicola, diseased I. typographus larvae; two Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa); five yeasts (Candida albicans, C. krusei, parapsilosis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhodotorula muscilaginosa), saprophytic (Aspergillus niger Penicillium notatum). In agar disc tests, exhibited greater susceptibility than bacteria, followed fungi. most resistant both broth macro-dilution methods P. aeruginosa, A. niger, sp. strains. Blue-stain Picea among tested. minimum inhibition (MICs) generated determined using volatilization method dependent species played important role development microorganism inhibition. B. S. aureus (whose MICs 0.0312 0.0625 mg/mL, respectively), organisms susceptible SH, bacterium, E. (MIC = 0.125 mg/mL) yeasts, albicans kruei mg/mL 0.25 respectively). parapsilosis 0.75 yeast SH. investigation properties plant metabolites new generation fungicides.

Язык: Английский

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Beneficial Microorganisms as Bioprotectants against Foliar Diseases of Cereals: A Review

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(24), С. 4162 - 4162

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Cereal production plays a major role in both animal and human diets throughout the world. However, cereal crops are vulnerable to attacks by fungal pathogens on foliage, disrupting their biological cycle photosynthesis, which can reduce yields 15-20% or even 60%. Consumers concerned about excessive use of synthetic pesticides given harmful effects health environment. As result, search for alternative solutions protect has attracted interest scientists around Among these solutions, control using beneficial microorganisms taken considerable importance, several agents (BCAs) have been studied, including species belonging genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Trichoderma, Cladosporium, Epicoccum, most include plants growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs). Bacillus proved be broad-spectrum agent against leaf diseases. Interaction between plant occurs as direct mycoparasitism hyperparasitism mixed pathway via secretion lytic enzymes, growth antibiotics, an indirect interaction involving competition nutrients space induction host resistance (systemic acquired (SAR) induced systemic (ISR) pathway). We mainly demonstrate BCAs defense diseases leaves. To enhance solution-based crop protection approach, it is also important understand mechanism action BCAs/molecules/plants. Research field preventing still ongoing.

Язык: Английский

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Defensive Strategies of ROS in Plant–Pathogen Interactions

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Plants have an array of mechanisms that protect them against the impact biotic and abiotic factors. As a consequence, altered redox cue infected cells induced by these stresses has been shown to benefit plant. These changes caused stressors induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) were regarded as oxidative stress markers in plant–pathogen interactions. Hence, remain main player management, spatial-temporal equilibrium ROS molecule production removal must be achieved. Additionally, many reports lent credence idea "secondary messenger" systemic signalling during plant defence causes expression particular defence-related genes initiates hypersensitive response (HR). The pathogens interaction with host results buildup transitory continuous phase. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), respiratory burst oxidase homologs (NADPH or Rboh), other enzyme systems linked post-pathogen infiltration. In this chapter, we present pertinent research on production, scavenging function mechanism. involvement HR-associated programmed cell death (PCD) acquired resistance (SAR) interactionis given focus.

Язык: Английский

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Xylanase VmXyl2 is involved in the pathogenicity of Valsa mali by regulating xylanase activity and inducing cell necrosis

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Xylanase plays a key role in degrading plant cell wall during pathogenic fungi infection. Here, we identified xylanase gene, VmXyl2 from the transcriptome of Valsa mali and examined its function. has highly elevated transcript levels infection process V. , with 15.02-fold increase. Deletion mutants gene were generated to investigate necessity development pathogenicity . The deletion mutant considerably reduced virulence apple leaves twigs, accompanied by 41.22% decrease activity. In addition, found that induces necrosis regardless activity, whereas promoting tissues. death-inducing activity dependent on BRI1-associated kinase-1 (BAK1) but not Suppressor BIR1-1 (SOBIR1). Furthermore, interacts Mp2 vivo receptor-like kinase leucine-rich repeat. results offer valuable insights into roles trees.

Язык: Английский

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The skin I live in: Pathogenesis of white-nose syndrome of bats

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(8), С. e1012342 - e1012342

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024

The emergence of white-nose syndrome (WNS) in North America has resulted mass mortalities hibernating bats and total extirpation local populations. need to mitigate this disease stirred a significant body research understand its pathogenesis. Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent WNS, is psychrophilic (cold-loving) fungus that resides within class Leotiomycetes, which contains mainly plant pathogens unrelated other consequential animals. In review, we revisit unique biology P. destructans provide an updated analysis stages mechanisms WNS progression. extreme life history bats, nature evolutionary distance from well-characterized animal-infecting fungi translate into host-pathogen interactions, many them yet be discovered.

Язык: Английский

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Uncovering the Mechanisms: The Role of Biotrophic Fungi in Activating or Suppressing Plant Defense Responses

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(9), С. 635 - 635

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2024

This paper discusses the mechanisms by which fungi manipulate plant physiology and suppress defense responses producing effectors that can target various host proteins. Effector-triggered immunity effector-triggered susceptibility are pivotal elements in complex molecular dialogue underlying plant-pathogen interactions. Pathogen-produced effector molecules possess ability to mimic pathogen-associated patterns or hinder binding of pattern recognition receptors. Effectors directly nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat receptors, downstream signaling components defense. Interactions between these receptor-like kinases plants critical this process. Biotrophic adeptly exploit networks key hormones, including salicylic acid, jasmonic abscisic ethylene, establish a compatible interaction with their hosts. Overall, highlights importance understanding interplay fungal develop effective strategies for disease management.

Язык: Английский

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