Combination of Stem Cells and Rehabilitation Therapies for Ischemic Stroke

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(9), С. 1316 - 1316

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2021

Stem cell transplantation with rehabilitation therapy presents an effective stroke treatment. Here, we discuss current breakthroughs in stem research along strategies that may have a synergistic outcome when combined together after stroke. Indeed, offers promising new approach and add to therapies. By reviewing the pathophysiology of mechanisms by which cells attenuate this inflammatory process, hypothesize will provide better functional outcomes for patients. Using preclinical data, explore prominent types cells, existing theories repair, treatments inside brain, modalities outside evidence pertaining benefits therapy. In review article, assess advantages disadvantages using mitigate devastating effects

Язык: Английский

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Vascular endothelial cells-derived exosomes synergize with curcumin to prevent osteoporosis development

iScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(4), С. 109608 - 109608

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Osteoporosis has gradually become a major public health problem. Further elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms that induce osteoporosis and identification more effective therapeutic targets will have important clinical significance. Experiments

Язык: Английский

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Study on Transorgan Regulation of Intervertebral Disc and Extra-Skeletal Organs Through Exosomes Derived From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2021

Exosomes are membranous lipid vesicles fused with intracellular multicellular bodies and then released into the extracellular environment. They contain various bioactive substances, including proteins, mRNA, miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, lipids, transcription factors, cytokine receptors. Under certain conditions, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, biological functions. This study provides a theoretical basis for application of exosomes derived from (BMSC-Exos) in osteology, exploring different sources to improve microenvironment resist metastasis. We also provided new ideas prevention rehabilitation human diseases by exosomes.

Язык: Английский

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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal microRNA-124-3p attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage through depressing tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 in newborn rats

Bioengineered, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(2), С. 3195 - 3207

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes (Exo) are beneficial in the use of brain damages. Restrictively, mechanism Exo expressing miR-124-3p hypoxic-ischemic damage (HIBD) is not completely comprehended. Thereupon, this work was put forward to reveal action bone marrow MSCs-derived (BMSCs-Exo) illness. BMSCs were isolated and transfected with agomir. Then, BMSCs-Exo extracted identified. The newborn HIBD rats injected miR-124-3p-modified or tumor necrosis factor receptor associated 6 (TRAF6)-related vectors. Next, neurological functions, neuron pathological structural damages, oxidative stress neuronal apoptosis observed. TRAF6 expression tested, along their targeting relationship. down-regulated, up-regulated rats. targeted TRAF6. improved alleviated suppressed reduced rats, whereas BMSCs-Exo-mediated effects enhanced by restoring miR-124-3p. Silencing attenuated but overexpression reversed protective role miR-124-3p-overexpressing BMSCs-Exo. This makes it comprehensive that exosomal ameliorates TRAF6, which replenishes potential agents for curing HIBD.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Therapy for Stroke

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 3130 - 3130

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Although thrombolytic therapy has enjoyed relative success, limitations remain, such as a narrow therapeutic window and inconsistent efficacy. Consequently, there is pressing need to develop novel approaches. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered increasing attention potential alternative stem cell therapy. Because of their ability cross the blood-brain barrier exert neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia hemorrhage, exploration EVs for clinical application stroke treatment expanding. are characterized by high heterogeneity, with composition closely mirroring that parent cells. This property enables distinguish between thus facilitating more rapid accurate diagnosis. Additionally, can be engineered carry specific molecules, miRNAs, targeting them cells, potentially enhancing outcome improving prognosis. this review, we will also explore methodologies isolation extraction EVs, critically evaluating advantages disadvantages various commonly employed separation techniques. Furthermore, briefly address current EV preservation administration methods, providing comprehensive overview state EV-based therapies treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Pleiotropic Effects of Exosomes as a Therapy for Stroke Recovery

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(18), С. 6894 - 6894

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2020

Stroke is the leading cause of disability, and stroke survivors suffer from long-term sequelae even after receiving recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy endovascular intracranial thrombectomy. Increasing evidence suggests that exosomes, nano-sized extracellular membrane vesicles, enhance neurogenesis, angiogenesis, axonal outgrowth, all while suppressing inflammatory reactions, thereby enhancing functional recovery stroke. A systematic literature review to study association with exosome was carried out, analyzing species, model, source behavioral analyses, outcome data, as well molecular mechanisms. Thirteen studies were included in present review. In majority studies, exosomes derived mesenchymal stromal cells or stem administered intravenously within 24 h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, showing a significant improvement neurological severity motor functions. Specific microRNAs molecules identified by mechanistic investigations, their amplification shown further therapeutic effects, including synaptogenesis. Overall, this addresses current advances for preclinical which can hopefully be preparatory steps future development clinical trials involving improve outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Modulating poststroke inflammatory mechanisms: Novel aspects of mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles and microglia

World Journal of Stem Cells, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(8), С. 1030 - 1048

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2021

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke, and systemic inflammation affects patient prognosis. As resident immune cells brain, microglia are significantly involved defense tissue repair under various conditions, including cerebral ischemia. Although differentiation M1 M2 is certainly oversimplified, changing activation state appears to be intriguing therapeutic strategy for Recent evidence indicates that both mesenchymal stem (MSCs) MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulate modify preclinical stroke conditions. However, precise mechanisms these signaling pathways, especially context mutual interaction between MSCs or EVs microglia, have not been sufficiently unveiled. Hence, this review summarizes state-of-the-art knowledge on MSC- MSC-EV-mediated regulation microglial activity conditions with respect cytokines, neurotrophic factors, transcription microRNAs.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise Intervention Promotes the Growth of Synapses and Regulates Neuroplasticity in Rats With Ischemic Stroke Through Exosomes

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2021

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Exercise produces neuroprotection by improving neuroplasticity. can induce exosome production. According to several studies, exosomes are involved in repairing brain function, but relationship mechanism exercise, exosomes, have not been elucidated. This study intends explore potential observing changes level, infarct volume, neurological function behavioral scores, synapses, corticospinal tract (CST). Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: a sham operation (SHAM) group, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with sedentary intervention (SED-MCAO) MCAO exercise (EX-MCAO) injection (EX-MCAO-EXO) group. The was started 1 day after lasted for 4 weeks. All rats assessed using modified severity score (mNSS). levels serum brain, gait analysis, magnetic resonance scan performed weeks intervention. After intervention, number synaptophysin (Syn), postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD-95) expression detected. Results: (1) EX-MCAO EX-MCAO-EXO groups showed higher (pEX-MCAO = 0.000, pEX-MCAO-EXO 0.000) 0.001, than SED-MCAO which group had highest (p 0.03) levels. (2) synapses 0.032) significantly that exhibited greater (3) synaptic plasticity-associated proteins expressed (pSyn 0.010, pPSD-95 0.044) 0.046) expression. (4) Compared improved volume ratio 0.000), rFA value rADC 0.000). 0.001). (5) 0.001) lower mNSS scores gait. (6) negatively correlated score, ratio, positively value, Syn, PSD-95 positive correlation. Conclusions: increases level rats, recruited growth CST integrity, reduced

Язык: Английский

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Exercise Intervention Modulates Synaptic Plasticity by Inhibiting Excessive Microglial Activation via Exosomes

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2022

Background Exosomes can activate microglia to modulate neural activity and synaptic plasticity by phagocytosis of spines or synapses. Our previous research found that an early 4-week exercise intervention in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats promote the release exosomes protect brain. This study intended further explore intrinsic mechanism neuroprotection exosome after exercise. Methods Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation (SHAM), with sedentary (SED-MCAO), MCAO (EX-MCAO), injection (EX-MCAO-EXO). Modified neurological severity score (mNSS), infarction volume ratio, microglial activation, dendritic complexity, expression synaptophysin (Syn) postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) detected 28 days intervention. Results (1) The improved body weight mNSS score, survival state infusion was better. (2) Compared SED-MCAO group, EX-MCAO ( P = 0.039) EX-MCAO-EXO groups 0.002) had significantly lower infarct ratios < 0.05), among which group lowest 0.031). (3) a decreased number 0.001) increased process length/cell 0.01) end point/cell values, having 0.036) most value 0.027). (4) total intersections branches apical basal dendrites increase more significant 0.05). (5) levels Syn PSD-95 0.043, PSD−95 0.047) higher than those Conclusion Early stroke inhibit excessive activation regulate release.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19-Induced Stroke and the Potential of Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Neuroinflammation

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 43(1), С. 37 - 46

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

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