Zwitterionic
polymers
possess
equal
total
positive
and
negative
charges
in
the
repeating
units,
making
them
electrically
neutral
overall.
This
unique
property
results
superhydrophilicity,
which
makes
zwitterionic
highly
effective
resisting
protein
adsorption,
thus
endowing
drug
carriers
with
long
blood
circulation
time,
inhibiting
thrombus
formation
on
biomedical
devices
contact
blood,
ensuring
good
sensitivity
of
sensors
application.
Moreover,
have
excellent
tumor-targeting
ability
pH-responsiveness,
rendering
ideal
candidates
for
antitumor
delivery.
Additionally,
high
ionic
conductivity
an
important
raw
material
skin.
exhibit
remarkable
resistance
to
bacterial
adsorption
growth,
proving
their
suitability
a
wide
range
applications
such
as
ophthalmic
applications,
wound
dressings,
marine
anti-fouling.
In
this
paper,
we
provide
in-depth
analysis
different
structures
characteristics
highlight
qualities
applications.
Furthermore,
discuss
limitations
challenges
that
must
be
overcome
realize
full
potential
present
optimistic
perspective
fields.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(12), С. 7782 - 7853
Опубликована: Май 15, 2023
The
high
selectivity
and
affinity
of
antibodies
toward
their
antigens
have
made
them
a
highly
valuable
tool
in
disease
therapy,
diagnosis,
basic
research.
A
plethora
chemical
genetic
approaches
been
devised
to
make
accessible
more
"undruggable"
targets
equipped
with
new
functions
illustrating
or
regulating
biological
processes
precisely.
In
this
Review,
addition
introducing
how
naked
various
antibody
conjugates
(such
as
antibody-drug
conjugates,
antibody-oligonucleotide
antibody-enzyme
etc.)
work
therapeutic
applications,
special
attention
has
paid
chemistry
tools
helped
optimize
the
outcome
(i.e.,
enhanced
efficacy
reduced
side
effects)
facilitate
multifunctionalization
antibodies,
focus
on
emerging
fields
such
targeted
protein
degradation,
real-time
live-cell
imaging,
catalytic
labeling
decaging
spatiotemporal
control
well
engagement
inside
cells.
With
advances
modern
biotechnology,
well-designed
derivatives
via
size
miniaturization
together
efficient
delivery
systems
emerged,
which
gradually
improved
our
understanding
important
paved
way
pursue
novel
for
potential
treatments
diseases.
Nanozymes,
nanomaterials
exhibiting
enzyme‐mimicking
activities,
have
gained
considerable
interest
in
biomedicine
due
to
their
stability,
adjustability,
and
cost‐efficiency.
Among
these,
metal–organic
framework
(MOF)‐based
nanozymes
distinguish
themselves
by
distinct
structure
customizable
characteristics.
Researchers
explored
MOF‐based
as
a
platform
for
developing
stimuli‐responsive
behaviors.
This
work
first
presents
the
categorization
of
nanozymes,
which
are
designed
mimic
catalytic
functions
oxidases,
peroxidases,
catalase,
superoxide
dismutase,
hydrolases,
multifunctional
enzymes.
Crafting
includes
customizing
reactions
particular
stimuli,
including
pH,
temperature,
light,
or
biomolecular
triggers,
ensuring
enhanced
specificity
potency
performance
amid
environmental
changes.
Moreover,
these
exhibit
immense
potential
biomedical
applications,
playing
crucial
roles
therapeutic
interventions
like
cancer
therapy
tissue
regeneration.
Finally,
article
delves
into
future
opportunities
challenges
within
emerging
research
frontiers.
These
offer
novel
avenues
advanced
strategies,
providing
prospects
innovative
applications.
Nanotechnology
enables
targeted
theranostics
by
enhancing
imaging
and
therapy.
This
review
explores
advances
in
pH-induced
charge-switchable
nanomaterials,
their
role
drug
delivery
contrast,
future
directions
the
field.
Acetalated
dextran
(Ac-Dex)
nanoparticles
are
currently
of
immense
interest
due
to
their
sharp
pH-responsive
nature
and
high
biodegradability.
Ac-Dex
often
formulated
through
single-
or
double-emulsion
methods
utilizing
polyvinyl
alcohol
as
the
stabilizer.
The
emulsion
utilize
toxic
organic
solvents
such
dichloromethane
chloroform
require
multi-step
processing
form
stable
nanoparticles.
Here,
we
introduce
a
simple
flash
nanoprecipitation
(FNP)
approach
that
utilizes
confined
impinging
jet
mixer
non-toxic
solvent,
ethanol,
rapidly.
were
stabilized
using
nonionic
PEGylated
surfactants,
D-α-Tocopherol
polyethylene
glycol
succinate
(TPGS),
Pluronic
(F-127).
formed
FNP
highly
monodisperse
stably
encapsulated
wide
range
payloads,
including
hydrophobic,
hydrophilic,
macromolecules.
When
lyophilized,
TPGS
remained
for
at
least
one
year
with
greater
than
80%
payload
retention.
cells
achieved
intracellular
release
payloads
into
cytoplasm.
In
vivo
studies
demonstrated
predominant
biodistribution
in
liver,
lungs,
spleen
after
intravenous
administration.
Taken
together,
technique
allows
easy
fabrication
loading
can
precisely
environments
diverse
therapeutic
applications.
Acetalateddextran
be
F-127,
payloads.
Highly
created
simple,
scalable
technique,
which
impingement
mixer.
