High-density transcranial direct current stimulation to improve upper limb motor function following stroke: study protocol for a double-blind randomized clinical trial targeting prefrontal and/or cerebellar cognitive contributions to voluntary motion DOI Creative Commons
Xavier Corominas-Teruel, Martina Bracco, Montserrat Fibla

и другие.

Trials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2023

Abstract Background Focal brain lesions following a stroke of the middle cerebral artery induce large-scale network disarray with potential to impact multiple cognitive and behavioral domains. Over last 20 years, non-invasive neuromodulation via electrical (tCS) stimulation has shown promise modulate motor deficits contribute recovery. However, weak, inconsistent, or at times heterogeneous outcomes using these techniques have also highlighted need for novel strategies assessment their efficacy in ad hoc controlled clinical trials. Methods We here present double-blind, sham-controlled, single-center, randomized pilot trial involving participants having suffered unilateral (MCA) resulting paralysis contralateral upper limb. Patients will undergo 10-day regime (5 days week 2 consecutive weeks) newly designed high-definition transcranial direct current (HD-tDCS) protocol. Clinical evaluations (e.g., Fugl Meyer, NIHSS), computer-based assessments (visuo-motor adaptation AX-CPT attention tasks), electroencephalography (resting-state task-evoked EEG) be carried out 3 time points: (I) Baseline, (II) Post-tDCS, (III) Follow-up. The study consists four-arm comparing on recovery three active anodal tDCS conditions: ipsilesional DLPFC tDCS, contralesional cerebellar combined + sham intervention. Fugl-Meyer Assessment extremity (FMA-UE) is selected as primary outcome measure quantify In every session, receive min high-density (up 0.63 mA/ $${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$$ cm 2 ) $${\mathrm{\pi cm}}^{2}$$ π electrodes. Electrode scalp positioning relative cortical surface (anodes cathodes) intensities are based biophysical optimization model distribution ensuring 0.25 V/m each chosen targets. Discussion Our gauge therapeutic accumulative sessions HD-tDCS improve limb dysfunctions presented by patients. parallel, we aim characterizing changes electroencephalographic (EEG) activity biomarkers effects identifying interactions between performance outcomes. work enrich our mechanistic understanding prefrontal contributions function its rehabilitation damage. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05329818. April 15, 2022.

Язык: Английский

The cerebellum and the Mirror Neuron System: A matter of inhibition? From neurophysiological evidence to neuromodulatory implications. A narrative review DOI Creative Commons
Annibale Antonioni,

Emanuela Maria Raho,

Sofía Straudi

и другие.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 164, С. 105830 - 105830

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024

Mirror neurons show activity during both the execution (AE) and observation of actions (AO). The Neuron System (MNS) could be involved motor imagery (MI) as well. Extensive research suggests that cerebellum is interconnected with MNS may critically in its activities. We gathered evidence on cerebellum's role functions, theoretically experimentally. Evidence shows plays a major AO MI lesions impair functions likely because, by modulating cortical inhibitory interneurons mirror properties, contribute to visuomotor matching, which fundamental for shaping properties. Indeed, strengthen sensory-motor patterns minimise discrepancy between predicted actual outcome, AE AO. Furthermore, through connections hippocampus, might internal simulations programs MI. Finally, cerebellar neuromodulation improve impact activity, we explored potential neurophysiological neurorehabilitation implications.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

16
Cerebellar Neurostimulation for Boosting Social and Affective Functions: Implications for the Rehabilitation of Hereditary Ataxia Patients DOI Creative Commons
Andrea Ciricugno, Viola Oldrati, Zaira Cattaneo

и другие.

The Cerebellum, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23(4), С. 1651 - 1677

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Beyond motor deficits, spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) patients also suffer cognitive decline and show socio-affective difficulties, negatively impacting on their social functioning. The possibility to modulate cerebello-cerebral networks involved in cognition through cerebellar neurostimulation has opened up potential therapeutic applications for ameliorating affective difficulties. present review offers an overview of the research modulation functions both healthy individuals different clinical populations, published time period 2000-2022. A total 25 records reporting either transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or direct current (tDCS) studies were found. investigated populations comprised pathological conditions, including but not limited SCA syndromes. reviewed evidence supports that is effective improving abilities reducing symptoms neurological psychiatric associated with damage impairments involve cerebellum. These findings encourage further explore rehabilitative effects deficits experienced by abnormalities, as patients. Nevertheless, conclusions remain tentative at this stage due heterogeneity characterizing protocols, study methodologies patients' samples.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

15
How and where Effectively Apply Cerebellum Stimulation: The frequency-dependent Modulation of Cerebellar Output by Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation DOI Creative Commons
Vincenzo Romano, Mario Manto

The Cerebellum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Preclinical insights into gamma-tACS: foundations for clinical translation in neurodegenerative diseases DOI Creative Commons
Guillermo Sánchez-Garrido Campos,

Ángela M. Zafra,

Marta Estévez-Rodríguez

и другие.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (gamma-tACS) represents a novel neuromodulation technique with promising therapeutic applications across neurodegenerative diseases. This mini-review consolidates recent preclinical and clinical findings, examining the mechanisms by which gamma-tACS influences neural oscillations, enhances synaptic plasticity, modulates neuroimmune responses. Preclinical studies have demonstrated capacity of to synchronize neuronal firing, support long-term neuroplasticity, reduce markers neuroinflammation, suggesting its potential counteract processes. Early indicate that may improve cognitive functions network connectivity, underscoring ability restore disrupted oscillatory patterns central performance. Given intricate multifactorial nature gamma development tailored, optimized tACS protocols informed extensive animal research is crucial. Overall, presents avenue for advancing treatments resilience in range conditions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Effects of cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation on balance and gait in healthy subjects DOI Creative Commons
Valerio Sveva, Andrea Guerra, Massimiliano Mangone

и другие.

Clinical Neurophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that modulates cortical oscillations and influences behavior. This study aimed to explore the effects of cerebellar theta (5 Hz) gamma (50 tACS on human balance gait through kinematic analysis. Nineteen right-handed healthy subjects participated in three randomized motor tasks: postural standing (PS), initiation (GI), cycle (GC). Participants underwent theta-, gamma-, or sham-tACS over cerebellum while data were collected using force platform an 8-camera optoelectronic system. Theta-tACS significantly influenced behavior during PS GC, but not GI. Specifically, it reduced Maximum Radius, Total Trace Length, Longitudinal Range, Area PS, decreased Stride Width GC. In contrast, gamma-tACS had no significant effect any parameters across tasks. Cerebellar theta-tACS may enhance stability control individuals. We hypothesize entrain theta-resonant neurons cortex, affecting networks involved gait. highlights tACS's potential as treatment for disorders associated with dysfunction.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
New Perspectives on Non-Invasive Cerebellar Stimulation for Social and Affective Functions in Children and Adolescents DOI Creative Commons
Ludovica Pasca, Romina Romaniello, Renato Borgatti

и другие.

The Cerebellum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2025

Cerebellar dysfunction affects socio-affective abilities beyond motor control. Recent studies suggest that non-invasive cerebellar neurostimulation can modulate social cognition networks, offering potential therapeutic benefits for children with autism, ADHD, and mood disorders. However, its application in pediatrics remains largely unexplored. This review summarizes emerging pediatric research on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) direct current (tDCS). We discuss their mechanisms, benefits, safety considerations, highlighting preliminary findings feasibility effectiveness. Ethical concerns technical challenges related to neuroanatomy parameters are also addressed. While early results promising, further clinical trials neurophysiological essential optimize protocols confirm long-term efficacy. Advancing our understanding of involvement functions could lead innovative rehabilitation strategies neurodevelopmental

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
The Influence of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Excitability of the Unstimulated Contralateral Primary Motor Cortex DOI Creative Commons

Erik W. Wilkins,

Richard Young,

Ryder Davidson

и другие.

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 512 - 512

Опубликована: Май 17, 2025

Objectives: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can enhance primary motor cortex (M1) excitability and improve skill when delivered unilaterally to the dominant hemisphere. However, impact of tACS on contralateral M1 both during after application has not been studied. The purpose this study was examine effects left unstimulated non-dominant right M1. Methods: This implemented a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects, crossover experimental design. Eighteen young adults completed condition SHAM two different days in counterbalanced order with week washout period between days. magnetic (TMS) utilized assess while TMS administered five test blocks (termed Pre, D5, D10, D15, Post) relative 20 min (70 Hz, 1 mA strength). Pre Post were conducted before immediately applied M1, whereas performed at time points starting 5, 10, 15 marks period. dependent variable mV evoked potential (MEP) amplitude. MEP data analyzed 2 (tACS, SHAM) × 5 (Pre, within-subjects ANOVA. Results: main effect for (p = 0.704) interaction 0.349) non-statistically significant. There significant 0.003); however, post hoc analysis indicated that none pairwise comparisons statistically Conclusions: Overall, findings indicate does significantly modulate or stimulation, least utilizing present parameters.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Neuronavigated Cerebellar 50 Hz tACS: Attenuation of Stimulation Effects by Motor Sequence Learning DOI Creative Commons
Rebecca Herzog, Christina Bolte, Jan‐Ole Radecke

и другие.

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(8), С. 2218 - 2218

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2023

Cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is an emerging non-invasive technique that induces electric fields to modulate cerebellar function. Although the effect of cortical tACS seems be state-dependent, impact concurrent motor activation and duration on effects has not yet been examined. In our study, 20 healthy subjects received neuronavigated 50 Hz for 40 s or min, each during performance using a sequence learning task (MSL) at rest. We measured evoked potential (MEP) before two time points after application assess corticospinal excitability. Additionally, we investigated online MSL. Individual field simulations were computed evaluate distribution fields, showing focal in right hemisphere with highest intensities lobe VIIb, VIII IX. Corticospinal excitability was only increased applied min rest, cancelled this effect. addition, better (shorter reaction times) learned sequences tACS, indicating more pronounced under compared first s.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

8
Optimizing the montage for cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS): a combined computational and experimental study DOI Creative Commons
Fatemeh Sadeghi, Jonas Misselhorn, Christian Gerloff

и другие.

Journal of Neural Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(2), С. 026060 - 026060

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Abstract Objective . The application of cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is limited by the absence commonly agreed montages and also presence unpleasant side effects. We aimed to find most effective tACS montage with minimum effects (skin sensations phosphenes). Approach first simulated five (return electrode on forehead, buccinator, jaw, neck positions, additionally focal high-definition ring electrodes) compare induced current, then stimulated healthy participants evaluated for different varying frequencies. Main results simulation revealed a descending order density in cerebellum from forehead respectively. Montages inducing higher intensity eyeballs during resulted stronger broader phosphenes sessions. Strong co-stimulation brainstem was observed neck. Skin did not differ between or propose jaw as an optimal choice maximizing while minimizing unwanted Significance These findings contribute adopting standard protocol. combination computational modelling experimental data offers improved control, safety, effectiveness, reproducibility all brain practices.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

8
Transcranial direct current stimulation for gait recovery following stroke: A systematic review of current literature and beyond DOI Creative Commons
Xavier Corominas-Teruel,

Rosa María San Segundo Mozo,

Montserrat Fibla Simó

и другие.

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2022

Background Over the last decade, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has set promise contributing to post-stroke gait rehabilitation. Even so, results are still inconsistent due low sample size, heterogeneity of samples, and tDCS design differences preventing comparability. Nonetheless, updated knowledge in neurophysiology technologies opens up opportunities massively improve treatments. Objective The systematic review aims summarize state-of-the-art on effects applied stroke subjects for rehabilitation, discuss strategies factoring individual subject profiles, highlight new promising strategies. Methods MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, CINAHL were searched randomized clinical trials using recovery before 7 February 2022. In order provide statistical support review, we analyzed achieved effect sizes performed comparisons. Results A total 24 records finally included our totaling n = 651 subjects. Detailed analyses revealed 4 (17%) studies with large (≥0.8), 6 (25%) medium ones (≥0.5), yielding (≤ 0.2). Statistically significant negative correlations (rho −0.65, p 0.04) ( 0.03) argued favor interventions sub-acute phase. Finally, a bifocal montage (anodal M1 ipsilesional cathodal contralesional) respect anodal M1. Conclusion Our highlights potential contribute following stroke, although also urgent need subject-customized considering severity, type or time-course, use network-based multifocal approaches guided by computational biophysical modeling. Systematic registration PROSPERO: CRD42021256347.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7