The effects of carotid plaque classification and bifurcation angle on plaque: a computational fluid dynamics simulation

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Objectives To investigate the influence of plaque distribution and vascular bifurcation angle on hemodynamics within carotid artery to explore role these factors play in development vulnerable plaques. The study aims provide a more comprehensive understanding how complex hemodynamic patterns affect formation, vulnerability, progression. Methods Patient-specific models were reconstructed using 3D rotational angiography CT angiography, validated by digital subtraction angiography. Computational fluid dynamics (ANSYS Fluent) with non-Newtonian modeling simulated under patient-specific boundary conditions. Plaque morphology parameters (TAWSS, OSI, ECAP) quantified. Statistical analyses included Spearman’s correlations non-parametric tests for angles/plaque locations. Results Numerical simulations demonstrated that subtypes angles critically modulate hemodynamics. Elevated wall shear stress (WSS) upstream plaques (sites M/N) increased rupture susceptibility, whereas low WSS at outer (site P) exacerbated atherogenesis. Larger reduced peak velocities, expanded low-velocity zones, diminished WSS, amplifying atherosclerosis risk. Vortex-driven low-shear regions prolonged platelet residence, enhancing thrombotic propensity. Fluid-structure interactions revealed arterial deformation near bifurcations, correlating endothelial injury These alterations underscore biomechanical interplay driving vulnerability thrombosis atherosclerosis. Conclusion Carotid arises from angle-dependent disturbances, where elevated predisposes rupture, while zones accelerate retention fluid-structure exacerbate dysfunction, underscoring targeting clinical risk mitigation.

Язык: Английский

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Charting the course of blood flow: vessel-on-a-chip technologies in thrombosis studies

Microstructures, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(3)

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Cardiovascular diseases, primarily driven by thrombosis, remain the leading cause of global mortality. Although traditional cell culture and animal models have provided foundational insights, they often fail to capture complex pathophysiology which hinders development targeted therapies for cardiovascular diseases. The advent microfluidics vascular tissue engineering has propelled advancement vessel-on-a-chip technologies, enable simulation key aspects Virchow’s Triad: hypercoagulability, alteration in blood flow, endothelial wall injury. With ability replicate patient-specific architectures hemodynamic conditions, offer unprecedented insights into mechanisms underlying thrombosis formation progression. This review explores evolution microfluidic technologies research, highlighting breakthroughs endothelialized devices their roles emulating conditions such as vessel stenosis, flow reversal, damage. limitations challenges current systems are addressed, future perspectives on potential personalized medicine presented. Vessel-on-a-chip technology holds immense revolutionizing enabling targeted, diagnostic tools therapeutic strategies. Realizing this will require interdisciplinary collaboration continued innovation fields engineering.

Язык: Английский

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Generation of programmable dynamic flow patterns in microfluidics using audio signals

Lab on a Chip, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(23), С. 4672 - 4684

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

We use a smartphone-driven audio speaker to generate customised harmonic flow patterns in microfluidics. The system is programmable, simple, inexpensive, and biocompatible.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamic Vortex Generation, Pulsed Injection, and Rapid Mixing of Blood Samples in Microfluidics Using the Tube Oscillation Mechanism

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 95(5), С. 3089 - 3097

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023

Here, we describe the generation of dynamic vortices in micro-scale cavities at low flow rates. The system utilizes a computer-controlled audio speaker to axially oscillate inlet tube microfluidic desired frequencies and amplitudes. oscillation induces transiently high rates system, which facilitates inside cavity. size can be modulated by varying frequency or amplitude. generated single serial wide range cavity sizes. We demonstrate suitability mechanism for pulsed injection water-based solutions whole blood into rate controlled characteristics tube, enabling liquids ultralow facilitate rapid mixing injected liquid with main flow. controllability versatility this technology allow development programmable inertial systems performing multistep biological assays.

Язык: Английский

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Generation of dynamic vortices in a microfluidic system incorporating stenosis barrier by tube oscillation

Lab on a Chip, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(10), С. 1917 - 1928

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

This work reports a new class of inertial microfluidic systems capable generating dynamic vortex patterns at low static flow rates via tube oscillation.

Язык: Английский

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A Novel Computational Biomechanics Framework to Model Vascular Mechanopropagation in Deep Bone Marrow

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(8)

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

The mechanical stimuli generated by body exercise can be transmitted from cortical bone into the deep marrow (mechanopropagation). Excitingly, a mechanosensitive perivascular stem cell niche is recently identified within for osteogenesis and lymphopoiesis. Although it long known that they are maintained exercise-induced stimulation, mechanopropagation compact to vasculature remains elusive of this fundamental mechanobiology field. No experimental system available yet directly understand such at bone-vessel interface. To end, taking advantage revolutionary in vivo 3D imaging, an integrated computational biomechanics framework quantitatively evaluate capabilities arterioles, arteries, sinusoids devised. As highlight, geometries blood vessels smoothly reconstructed presence vessel wall thickness intravascular pulse pressure. By implementing 5-parameter Mooney-Rivlin model simulates hyperelastic properties, finite element analysis thoroughly investigate effects vibratory stretching on performed. In addition, pressure bending vascular mechanoproperties examined. For first time, movement-induced hard soft numerically simulated. It concluded arterioles arteries much more efficient propagating force than due their stiffness. future, in-silico approach combined with other clinical imaging modalities subject/patient-specific reconstruction biomechanical analysis, providing large-scale phenotypic data personalized discovery.

Язык: Английский

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A Physiological Control Method Based on SMC and GAPSO for Artificial Heart Pumps to Maintain Pulsatility and Avoid Regurgitation and Suction

Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 43(1), С. 42 - 52

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Basic science research opportunities in thrombosis and hemostasis: Communication from the SSC of the ISTH

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(6), С. 1496 - 1506

Опубликована: Март 30, 2022

Bleeding and thrombosis are major clinical problems with high morbidity mortality. Treatment modalities for these diseases have improved in recent years, but there many questions remaining a need to advance diagnosis, management, therapeutic options. Basic research plays fundamental role understanding normal disease processes, yet this sector has observed steady decline funding prospects thereby hindering support studies of mechanisms development opportunities. With the financial constraints faced by basic scientists, ISTH organized science task force (BSTF), comprising Scientific Standardization Committee subcommittee chairs co-chairs, identify opportunities hemostasis thrombosis. The goal BSTF was develop set recommended priorities build community inform programs policy making. identified three principal opportunity areas that were significant overarching relevance: causing bleeding, innate immunity thrombosis, venous Within these, five highlighted: blood rheology, platelet biogenesis, cellular contributions hemostasis, structure-function protein analyses, visualization hemostasis. This position paper discusses importance relevance areas, rationale their inclusion. These findings implications future make transformative scientific discoveries tackle key questions. will permit better understanding, prevention, treatment hemostatic thrombotic conditions.

Язык: Английский

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On-chip spectroscopic monitoring of erythrocyte oxygenation under hematocrit and oxygen gradients

Journal of Science Advanced Materials and Devices, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(4), С. 100515 - 100515

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2022

The interpretation of the variability and determinants erythrocyte oxygenation is complicated by multiple interacting factors manifesting gaseous fluidic microenvironments during microcirculation. In this paper, a multifunctional microdevice was developed for quantitatively extracting dominant role RBC concentration, local oxygen (O2), fluid dynamics in an ex vivo setting. Serial dilution RBCs achieved repeated splitting mixing source suspension solutions bifurcating serpentine microchannels. O2 perfusion buried microchannels gas-permeable polydimethylsiloxane membrane allowed exposing to spatial linear gradient along with blood flow direction. Taking optically relevant properties erythrocytes their status, optical-fiber-based measurement system integrated microfluidic device capture characteristic spectroscopic features covering visible near-infrared range. analysis provided regression model saturation variables containing concentrations, levels, velocity, which agreed well numerical simulation results. This systematic experimental approach could be applicable as vitro microcirculatory while adding dimension wide range processing analysis.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the mechanotransduction of transient shear stress mediated by Piezo1 ion channel using a 3D printed dynamic gravity pump

Lab on a Chip, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(2), С. 262 - 271

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2021

This work describes a 3D printed dynamic gravity pump for studying the response of mechanoresponsive cells expressing Piezo1 ion channels under transient flows.

Язык: Английский

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