The
early
and
accurate
detection
of
cancer
remains
a
critical
challenge
in
biomedical
diagnostics.
In
this
work,
we
propose
investigate
novel
surface
plasmon
resonance
(SPR)
biosensor
platform
based
on
multilayer
configuration
incorporating
copper
(Cu),
silicon
nitride
(Si3N4),
molybdenum
disulfide
(MoS2)
for
the
optical
various
types.
Four
distinct
sensor
architectures
(Sys1–Sys4)
were
optimized
through
systematic
tuning
Cu
thickness,
Si3N4
dielectric
layer
number
MoS2
monolayers
to
enhance
sensitivity,
angular
shift,
spectral
sharpness.
systems
evaluated
using
refractive
index
data
corresponding
six
types
(skin,
cervical,
blood,
adrenal,
breast
T1,
T2),
with
performance
metrics
including
accuracy,
quality
factor,
figure
merit,
limit
detection,
comprehensive
sensitivity
factor.
Among
configurations,
Sys3
(BK7–Cu–Si3N4–MoS2)
demonstrated
highest
reaching
254.64
°/RIU
adrenal
cancer,
while
maintaining
low
competitive
figures
merit.
Comparative
analysis
revealed
that
MoS2-based
designs,
particularly
Sys3,
outperform
conventional
noble-metal
terms
earth-abundant,
scalable
materials.
These
results
confirm
potential
Cu/Si3N4/MoS2-based
SPR
biosensors
as
practical
effective
tools
label-free
diagnosis
across
multiple
malignancy
Archiv der Pharmazie,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
358(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
is
a
leading
cause
of
cancer‐related
mortality
globally,
with
increasing
incidence
presenting
significant
treatment
challenges.
Traditional
nontargeted
therapies
often
result
in
high
toxicity
and
limited
efficacy,
underscoring
the
need
for
improved
modalities.
This
review
highlights
recent
advancements
drug
delivery
systems
to
enhance
therapeutic
outcomes
CRC.
We
examine
innovative
strategies,
including
computer‐assisted
pharmaceutical
formulation,
sustained‐release
matrices,
prodrugs,
as
well
targeted
mechanisms
such
exosomes,
liposomes,
hydrogels,
antibody‐drug
conjugates,
stimuli‐responsive
systems.
These
methodologies
offer
biodistribution,
enhanced
targeting
cells,
reduced
off‐target
effects,
promising
better
clinical
outcomes.
Additionally,
we
discuss
development
novel
formulations
designed
optimize
agents
advanced
Ongoing
trials
investigating
these
signify
shift
toward
more
effective
patient
options.
While
challenges
remain
application
therapies,
continued
research
offers
avenues
improving
study
aims
inform
future
strategies
managing
this
aggressive
disease,
ultimately
enhancing
survival
rates
quality
life
affected
individuals.
