Brazil
has
a
wide
diversity
of
species
stingless
bees
the
tribe
Meliponini,
with
244
described
species.
In
last
decade,
after
reported
decline
in
bees’
colonies,
have
been
used
as
study
model
toxicological
assessments
tropical
regions.
These
consider
mainly
risks
associated
exposure
to
agrochemicals,
which
can
affect
health
these
essential
pollinators
and
consequently
compromise
their
ecosystem
services.
The
present
aimed
(a)
review
literature
considering
agrochemicals
Brazil,
(b)
provide
big
picture
scenario
trends
research
on
interaction
76
years,
including
species,
methods
tested
(c)
adapted
protocols
for
carrying
out
bees;
(d)
assess
lethal
sublethal
effects
larval
bee
Partamona
helleri
different
agrochemicals.
Data
from
meta-analysis
(implementing
artificial
intelligence)
underwent
identification,
screening,
eligibility
inclusion
phases,
were
analyzed
according
via
development
stage.
number
studies
particularly
insecticides,
increased
over
decade.
However,
cover
only
2.9%
Brazil.
Toxicological
comprise
order
Hymenoptera
(Apidae),
emphasis
Apis
mellifera.
group
especially
neonicotinoids,
most
studied
main
route
was
acute
under
laboratory
conditions.
here
successfully
validated,
exhibiting
high
survival
rate
between
80
–
100%
control
treatment
chronic
larvae
adults,
respectively,
is
necessary
satisfy
regulatory
authorities.
orally
treated
three
affected,
dose
type
compound,
recommended
field
doses
copper
sulfate
(CuSO4),
spinosad
highly
toxic,
unlike
glyphosate.
Locomotion
altered
adults
derived
larvae,
gut
microbiota
composition
did
not
change
by
agrochemical.
It
conclude
that
systematic
reviews,
description
assessing
possible
improve
knowledge
regarding
role
play
bees,
well
point
gaps
need
be
filled.
this
way,
data
obtained
comprehensive
overview
may
suffering
because
human
activities.
Keywords:
Behavior.
Gut
microbiota.
Risk
assessment.
Systematic
review.
Wild
bees.
Neotropical Entomology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
52(3), С. 407 - 421
Опубликована: Март 14, 2023
Abstract
Emerging
evidence
suggests
that
insect
populations
may
be
declining
at
local
and
global
scales,
threatening
the
sustainability
of
ecosystem
services
insects
provide.
Insect
declines
are
particular
concern
in
Neotropics,
which
holds
several
world’s
hotspots
endemism
diversity.
Conservation
policies
one
way
to
prevent
mitigate
declines,
yet
these
usually
biased
toward
vertebrate
species.
Here,
we
outline
some
key
policy
instruments
for
biodiversity
conservation
Neotropics
discuss
their
potential
contribution
shortcomings
conservation.
These
include
species-specific
action
policies,
protected
areas
Indigenous
Community
Conserved
Areas
(ICCAs),
sectoral
offsetting,
market-based
mechanisms,
international
underpin
efforts.
We
highlight
although
can
potentially
benefit
indirectly,
there
avenues
could
better
incorporate
specific
needs
into
mentioned
above.
propose
improvement.
Firstly,
evaluating
extinction
risk
more
Neotropical
target
at-risk
species
with
conserve
habitats
within
area-based
interventions.
Secondly,
alternative
pest
control
methods
enhanced
monitoring
a
range
land-based
production
sectors.
Thirdly,
incorporating
measurable
achievable
targets
conventions.
Finally,
emphasise
important
roles
community
engagement
public
awareness
achieving
improvements
policies.
Agrochemicals,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(1), С. 70 - 93
Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024
Pollinators
play
important
roles
in
providing
pollination
services,
maintaining
biodiversity,
and
boosting
crop
production.
Even
though
pollinators
are
essential
to
the
environment
agriculture,
their
decline
has
been
noted
across
multiple
studies
recent
past.
Both
natural
anthropogenic
factors
have
contributed
decline.
Much
of
focus
placed
on
climate
change,
habitat
loss,
pests
pathogens,
synthetic
pesticides,
but
relatively
little
is
known
about
effects
biopesticides.
Biopesticides
biological
control
agents
derived
from
living
organisms
classified
into
three
groups:
microbial,
biochemical,
plant-incorporated
protectant-based
products.
formulated
similarly
counterparts
readily
available
used
within
urban
agricultural
settings
by
pest
management
experts
household
residents.
The
general
public
much
scientific
literature
support
prevailing
idea
that
biopesticides
environmentally
safe
pollinator
friendly
comparison
with
versions.
However,
such
generalizations
based
a
few
key
species
may
not
be
relevant
several
other
provide
services.
Studies
focused
native
shown
some
lethal
sublethal
effects.
Because
each
biopesticide
exhibits
varying
species,
it
could
dangerous
generalize
non-toxicity
taxa
environmental
settings.
In
this
article,
research
direction
discussed.
Phytopathology Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Abstract
Bacterial
insecticides
have
emerged
as
a
biotechnological
strategy
for
controlling
insect
pests
in
crops,
primarily
due
to
the
ineffectiveness
of
synthetic
pesticides,
which
led
resistance
populations
their
overuse.
For
many
years,
Bacillus
thuringiensis
has
been
recognized
most
promising
microorganism
this
purpose,
while
other
entomopathogenic
bacteria,
demonstrated
efficacy
against
various
orders,
largely
overlooked.
These
bacteria
employ
diverse
mechanisms
control
pests,
including
damage
via
contact
or
ingestion,
disruption
intestinal
cell
integrity,
interference
with
insect's
central
nervous
system,
and
alterations
reproductive
processes.
Among
insecticidal
compounds
produced
by
these
are
Cry
homologous
toxins,
non-homologous
biosurfactant-type
compounds,
macrocyclic
lactones,
lipopeptides,
chitinases,
metabolites
that
remain
underexplored.
This
paper
provides
comprehensive
overview
current
state
lesser-known
utilized
development
biopesticides.
It
discusses
advantages
disadvantages
products,
action
genetic
engineering
strategies
aimed
at
enhancing
biopesticides,
application
commercial
production.
Additionally,
reviews
patents
related
field
examines
role
inducers
systemic
(ISR)
plants,
highlighting
potential
bioproducts.
