Molecular responses to acute exercise and their relevance for adaptations in skeletal muscle to exercise training

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 103(3), С. 2057 - 2170

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2022

Repeated, episodic bouts of skeletal muscle contraction undertaken frequently as structured exercise training are a potent stimulus for physiological adaptation in many organs. Specifically, muscle, remarkable plasticity is demonstrated by the remodeling structure and function terms muscular size, force, endurance, contractile velocity result functional demands induced various types training. This plasticity, mechanistic basis adaptations to response training, underpinned activation and/or repression molecular pathways processes each individual acute session. These include transduction signals arising from neuronal, mechanical, metabolic, hormonal stimuli through complex signal networks, which linked myriad effector proteins involved regulation pre- posttranscriptional processes, protein translation degradation processes. review therefore describes exercise-induced responses including emerging concepts such epigenetic degradation. A critical appraisal methodological approaches current state knowledge informs series recommendations offered future directions field.

Язык: Английский

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Roles of Estrogen, Estrogen Receptors, and Estrogen-Related Receptors in Skeletal Muscle: Regulation of Mitochondrial Function

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 1853 - 1853

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Estrogen is an essential sex steroid hormone that functions primarily in female reproductive system, as well a variety of tissues and organs with pleiotropic effects, such cardiovascular, nervous, immune, musculoskeletal systems. Women low estrogen, exemplified by those postmenopause, are therefore prone to suffer from various disorders, i.e., cardiovascular disease, dementia, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, frailty, so on. regulates the expression its target genes binding cognate receptors, estrogen receptors (ERs) α β. Notably, estrogen-related (ERRs) α, β, γ originally identified orphan share substantial structural homology common transcriptional targets ERs. Accumulating evidence suggests ERs ERRs play crucial roles skeletal muscles, muscle mass maintenance, exercise physiology, regeneration. In this article, we review potential regulatory particularly regard mitochondrial function metabolism.

Язык: Английский

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The role of estrogen in female skeletal muscle aging: A systematic review

Maturitas, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 178, С. 107844 - 107844

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Aging is associated with a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that negatively impacts the independence quality life older individuals. Females demonstrate distinct pattern aging compared to males, potentially due menopause, when production endogenous sex hormones declines. This systematic review aims investigate current knowledge about role estrogen in female aging. A search MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, Embase, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINHAL was conducted. Studies were considered eligible if they state deficiency (e.g. postmenopausal females) or supplementation therapy) normal conditions premenopausal females no supplementation). Outcome variables interest included measures mass, function, damage/repair, energy metabolism. Quality assessment completed relevant Johanna Briggs critical appraisal tool, data synthesized narrative manner. Thirty-two studies review. Compared women, women had reduced strength, but effect menopause on markers damage expression genes involved metabolic signaling pathways remains unclear. Some suggest beneficial therapy size evidence largely conflicting inconclusive, large variations reporting status exposure outcomes. The findings from this point toward potential negative muscle, further mechanistic needed clarify its role.

Язык: Английский

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Gender Different Impacts of Muscle Mass and Adipose Tissue on Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Surgical Resection

Liver International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 45(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Background & Aims Body composition is an objective assessment reflecting nutritional status and highly gender different. Surgical resection, the standard treatment for early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), energy‐consuming major operation that would affect body composition. However, impacts of on post‐operative prognosis HCC are still uncertain. In this study, we aimed to investigate surgery‐related changes in clinical outcomes after surgical resection distinguished by gender. Method From January 2013 December 2018, 401 consecutive patients who received Taipei Veterans General Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Cross areas adipose muscle mass measured at L3 vertebral level from peri‐operative computed tomography Slice‐O‐matic software; indices thus calculated. Factors associated with survivals analysed. Results did not change significantly both males females. Higher pre‐operative intramuscular tissue index (IMATI) (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.059, p = 0.002) lower subcutaneous visceral (SATI/VATI) (HR: 1.681, 0.028) independent predictors worse overall survival (OS) male patients. females, higher IMATI 3.053, 0.001) was only composition‐related factor predicting OS. Conclusion contributed minor early HCC. Myosteatosis fat patients, but myosteatosis composition‐predictor

Язык: Английский

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Risk-stratified lifetime risk and incidence of hip fracture and falls in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population: The China health and retirement longitudinal study

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 50, С. 174 - 184

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of resistance training in women: History and mechanisms for health and performance

Sports Medicine and Health Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Performance Enhancing Supplements and Cardiovascular Health

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of Bone by Mechanical Loading, Sex Hormones, and Nerves: Integration of Such Regulatory Complexity and Implications for Bone Loss during Space Flight and Post-Menopausal Osteoporosis

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(7), С. 1136 - 1136

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2023

During evolution, the development of bone was critical for many species to thrive and function in boundary conditions Earth. Furthermore, also became a storehouse calcium that could be mobilized reproductive purposes mammals other species. The nature both needs during evolution context Earth has led complex regulatory mechanisms require integration optimization this tissue across lifespan. Three important variables include mechanical loading, sex hormones, innervation/neuroregulation. importance loading been target much research as appears subscribe “use it or lose it” paradigm. because post-menopausal osteoporosis risk fractures loss function, aspect regulation focused on differences regulation. advent space flight exposure microgravity renewed interest unique environment, which not have anticipated by expose new insights into Finally, body evidence emerged indicating neuroregulation is central maintaining function. However, there still more needed understand regarding how such are integrated lifespan maintain particularly walks upright. This review will attempt discuss these elements integrity propose further study delineate details better improve treatments those at integrity, state prolonged flight.

Язык: Английский

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DKK3 as a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 78, С. 103434 - 103434

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2024

Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, significantly affects patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) worsens their morbidity mortality. The pathogenesis atrophy in COPD involves complex mechanisms, including protein imbalance mitochondrial dysfunction, which have been identified tissues COPD. DKK3 (Dickkopf-3) is a secreted glycoprotein involved process myogenesis. However, role regulation largely unknown. This study investigated COPD-related sarcopenia. was found to be overexpressed cigarette smoking-induced Importantly, plasma levels sarcopenia were higher than those without sarcopenia, could effectively predict based on two independent cohorts. Mechanistically, skeletal cells that acts autocrine paracrine manners interacts cell surface-activated receptor cytoskeleton-associated 4 (CKAP4) induce dysfunction myotube atrophy. inhibition genetic ablation prevented dysfunction. These results suggest potential target for diagnosis treatment

Язык: Английский

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Sarcobesity, but not visceral fat, is an independent risk factor for complications after radical resection of colorectal cancer

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Май 16, 2023

Background The influence of body composition on the outcome colorectal cancer surgery is controversial. aim this study was to evaluate effects visceral obesity and sarcobesity incidence total surgical complications after radical resection cancer. Methods We collected a 426 patients who underwent elective at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2017 May 2018. According inclusion exclusion criteria, 387 were finally included. A CT scan level L3-L4 intervertebral disk selected measure values fat area skeletal muscle area. Multivariate analysis used explore independent risk/protective factors affecting postoperative complications. Results 128 (33.1%) developed complications, 44 (11.4%) major Among them, 111 21 medical Visceral ( Z = −3.271, p 0.001), (Z −2.613, 0.009), subcutaneous ratio (V/S, −2.633, 0.008), index −2.282, 0.023) significantly associated with −2.119, 0.034) V/S −2.010, 0.044) Sarcobesity index, smoking, stoma, blood loss, time, American Society Anesthesiology (ASA) score as risk for according LASSO regression. logistic regression suggested that an factor Subgroup albumin protective in male patients. Smoking, operative factors, cholesterol female Conclusion Increased cancer, while not. For patients, operation are factor. serum

Язык: Английский

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