Neuroinflammation and Brain Health Risks in Veterans Exposed to Burn Pit Toxins
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(18), С. 9759 - 9759
Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2024
Military
burn
pits,
used
for
waste
disposal
in
combat
zones,
involve
the
open-air
burning
of
materials,
including
plastics,
metals,
chemicals,
and
medical
waste.
The
pits
release
a
complex
mixture
occupational
toxic
substances,
particulate
matter
(PM),
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs),
heavy
dioxins,
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAHs).
Air
pollution
significantly
impacts
brain
health
through
mechanisms
involving
neuroinflammation.
Pollutants
penetrate
respiratory
system,
enter
bloodstream,
cross
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB),
triggering
inflammatory
responses
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
Chronic
environmental
exposures
result
sustained
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
neuronal
damage,
contributing
to
neurodegenerative
diseases
cognitive
impairment.
Veterans
exposed
pit
toxins
are
particularly
at
risk,
reporting
higher
rates
issues,
neurological
conditions,
impairments,
mental
disorders.
Studies
demonstrate
that
these
have
neuroinflammatory
markers,
accelerated
decline,
increased
risks
diseases.
This
narrative
review
synthesizes
research
linking
airborne
pollutants
such
as
PM,
VOCs,
metals
processes
effects.
There
is
need
targeted
interventions
mitigate
harmful
escalating
effects
air
on
CNS,
improving
public
outcomes
vulnerable
populations,
especially
military
toxins.
Язык: Английский
Burn pit exposure in military personnel and the potential resulting lung and neurological pathologies
Frontiers in Environmental Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024
Introduction
Military
personnel
and
local
civilians
at
various
deployment
locations
are
plagued
with
serious
health
conditions.
Evidence
points
to
burn
pit
emissions
as
the
cause
of
these
pathologies;
however,
similar
diseases
also
caused
by
environmental
exposures,
smoking,
genetic
predispositions,
or
other
comorbidities.
Burn
pits,
which
large
smoldering
piles
refuse
ignited
jet
diesel
fuel,
contain
human
medical
waste
well
paint,
plastics,
ammunition,
materials—each
can
be
attributed
concerns
in
industrial
settings.
Here
we
compare
pathologies
attributable
toxic
aerosol
exposures
discuss
distinct
that
may
linked
exposures.
Objectives
We
performed
a
literature
review
where
provide
information
on
pose
relevance
exposure
furthermore,
highlight
what
is
already
known
about
steps
need
taken
diagnose
correlate
certain
respiratory
chronic
from
overseas
pits.
Data
sources
conducted
searches
through
PubMed
Google
Scholar
determine
gaps
our
knowledge
lie.
Thorough
jet-fuel
properties
particulate
matter
were
supporting
evidence
potential
toxins
emissions.
Results
To
date,
studies
consist
mainly
systematic
reviews
discussions
address
problem,
very
few
acute-exposure
little
no
chronic-exposure
studies.
found
symptoms
range
neurological
deficits,
but
treatment
has
been
limited
facilities,
such
Veterans
Administration
(VA),
require
proof
condition
service-connected.
Conclusions
effects
humans,
mimicked
necessary
draw
definitive
conclusions
between
phenotypic
differences
exposure.
By
determining
differences,
made
pathologic
origins,
potentially
leading
future
diagnoses
treatments
for
veterans
affected
civilians.
Язык: Английский
An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(6), С. 780 - 780
Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2024
The
effect
of
airborne
exposure
on
the
eye
surface
is
an
area
in
need
exploration,
particularly
light
increasing
number
incidents
occurring
both
civilian
and
military
settings.
In
this
study,
silico
methods
based
a
platform
comprising
portfolio
software
applications
technology
ecosystem
are
used
to
test
potential
ocular
toxicity
data
presented
from
Iraqi
burn
pits
East
Palestine,
Ohio,
train
derailment.
purpose
analysis
gain
better
understanding
long-term
impact
such
manifestation
irritation,
including
dry
disease.
were
determine
irritation
chemical
compounds.
A
list
chemicals
was
introduced
publicly
available
sources
for
results
demonstrated
high
scores
some
present
these
events.
Such
designed
provide
guidance
related
needed
ophthalmologic
care
follow-up
individuals
who
have
been
proximity
or
derailment
those
will
experience
future
toxic
exposure.
Язык: Английский
Acute Neurobehavioral and Glial Responses to Explosion Gas Inhalation in Rats
Environmental Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
39(11), С. 5099 - 5111
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024
ABSTRACT
Military
personnel,
firefighters,
and
fire
survivors
exhibit
a
higher
prevalence
of
mental
health
conditions
such
as
depression
post‐traumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
compared
to
the
general
population.
While
numerous
studies
have
examined
neurological
impacts
physical
trauma
psychological
stress,
research
on
acute
neurobehavioral
effects
gas
inhalation
from
explosions
or
fires
is
limited.
This
study
investigates
early‐stage
neuronal
consequences
explosion
in
Sprague–Dawley
rats.
Rats
were
exposed
simulated
explosive
subsequently
assessed
using
behavioral
tests
neurobiological
analyses.
The
high‐dose
exposure
group
demonstrated
significant
depression‐like
behaviors,
including
reduced
mobility
exploration.
However,
damage
was
not
evident
histological
Immunofluorescence
revealed
increased
density
radial
glia
oligodendrocytes
specific
brain
regions,
suggesting
hypoxia
axon
induced
by
potential
mechanism
for
observed
changes.
These
findings
underscore
impact
health,
highlighting
habenula
dentate
gyrus
hippocampus
possible
target
regions.
are
expected
support
early
diagnosis
treatment
strategies
injuries
caused
gas,
offering
insights
into
intervention
PTSD
affected
populations.
Язык: Английский
Association of air pollutants with psychiatric disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
285, С. 117105 - 117105
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Current understanding of the impact of United States military airborne hazards and burn pit exposures on respiratory health
Particle and Fibre Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024
Abstract
Millions
of
United
States
(U.S.)
troops
deployed
to
the
Middle
East
and
Southwest
Asia
were
exposed
toxic
airborne
hazards
and/or
open-air
burn
pits.
Burn
pit
emissions
contain
particulate
matter
combined
with
gasses
heavy
metals.
Ongoing
research
has
demonstrated
that
exposures
from
military
pits
have
profound
lasting
health
wellness
consequences.
Research
on
long-term
consequences
exposure
open
been
limited.
Work
continues
understand
scope
impacts
underlying
pathobiology
following
establish
care
standards.
The
U.S.
Sergeant
First
Class
Heath
Robinson
Honoring
our
Promise
Address
Comprehensive
Toxics
(PACT)
Act
was
signed
into
law
August
2022.
This
act
expands
benefits
services
Veterans
toxicants,
requires
Health
Administration
provide
screening,
supports
increased
research,
education,
treatment
due
occupational
exposures.
review
highlights
state
science
related
an
emphasis
pulmonary
health.
Clinical
data
demonstrate
areas
reduced
or
delayed
ventilation
lung
pathologies
such
as
small
airways
scarring,
diffuse
collagen
deposition
focal
ossification.
Identification
characterization
foreign
in
tissues
are
reported,
including
matter,
silica,
titanium
oxides,
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons.
These
consistent
symptoms
reported
by
post-deployment
despite
near-normal
non-invasive
evaluations.
On-going
work
toward
new
methods
for
diagnoses
disease
monitoring
described.
We
propose
various
studies
databases
resources
clinical
outcomes
research.
Pre-clinical
using
different
modeling
approaches
summarized,
oropharyngeal
aspiration,
intranasal
inhalation,
whole-body
chamber
inhalation.
focus
specific
substances
well
effects
short-term
sustained
insults
over
time
systems.
Язык: Английский
Veterans Affairs Military Toxic Exposure Research Conference: Veteran-centric Approach and Community of Practice
Military Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2024
The
U.S.
Sergeant
First
Class
Heath
Robinson
Honoring
our
Promise
to
Address
Comprehensive
Toxics
(PACT)
Act
expands
benefits
and
services
Veterans
exposed
military
deployment-related
toxicants.
Open-air
burn
pits
were
used
on
bases
in
the
Middle
East
Southwest
Asia
for
trash
disposal,
exposing
troops
numerous
profound
health
consequences.
Research
is
underway
understand
scope
of
wellness
impacts
from
pit
exposures
establish
care
standards
meaningfully
address
needs
personnel.
A
virtual
plenary
conference
a
subsequent
hybrid
in-person/virtual
conducted
foster
cross-professional
Community
Practice
(CoP)
approach
knowledge
implementation
gaps
research
clinical
care.
For
conference,
leading
experts
Veteran
advocacy,
preclinical,
scientists,
clinicians,
Veterans,
their
families
engaged
present
information
current
state
solicit
feedback
attendees.
Often,
trials
delivery
enterprises
function
as
separate
entities,
with
siloed
goals,
infrastructure,
incentives.
Consequently,
can
have
less
relevance
be
responsive
those
responsible
highlighted
need
support
systems
learning,
requiring
continuous
cooperation
loop
basic
generation
uptake,
how
best
provide
under
real-world
conditions,
not
just
determining
what
interventions
work,
contexts,
also
ensure
they
are
provided
who
them.
was
held
further
discuss
learned
propose
next
steps
collaborative
efforts
unmet
needs.
purpose
this
publication
disseminate
presented
discussed
two
conferences.
Findings
summarized
related
centering
voice
creating
novel,
CoP
policy
strengthened
informed
by
scientific
knowledge,
research,
innovation
generated
bringing
together
stakeholders
effective
sustained
improvement
Veterans'
health.
Язык: Английский