Bellwethers of change: population modelling of North Pacific humpback whales from 2002 through 2021 reveals shift from recovery to climate response

Royal Society Open Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

For the 40 years after end of commercial whaling in 1976, humpback whale populations North Pacific Ocean exhibited a prolonged period recovery. Using mark–recapture methods on largest individual photo-identification dataset ever assembled for cetacean, we estimated annual ocean-basin-wide abundance species from 2002 through 2021. Trends estimates describe strong post-whaling era population recovery 16 875 (± 5955) to peak estimate 33 488 4455) 2012. An apparent 20% decline 2012 2021, 26 662 4192), suggests abruptly reached carrying capacity due loss prey resources. This was particularly evident whales wintering Hawai‘i, where, by had declined 34% 2013, down levels previously seen 2006, and contrasted an absence Mainland Mexico breeding humpbacks. The strongest marine heatwave recorded globally date during 2014–2016 appeared have altered course recovery, with enduring effects. Extending this time series will allow serve as indicator ecosystem face changing climate.

Язык: Английский

---

Estimating the Abundance of Marine Mammal Populations

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2021

Motivated by the need to estimate abundance of marine mammal populations inform conservation assessments, especially relating fishery bycatch, this paper provides background on estimation and reviews various methods available for pinnipeds, cetaceans sirenians. We first give an “entry-level” introduction estimation, including fundamental concepts importance recognizing sources bias obtaining a measure precision. Each primary mammals is then described, data collection analysis, common challenges in implementation, assumptions made, violation which can lead bias. The main method estimating pinniped extrapolation counts animals (pups or all-ages) land ice whole population. Cetacean sirenian primarily estimated from transect surveys conducted ships, small boats aircraft. If individuals species be recognized natural markings, mark-recapture analysis photo-identification used number using study area. Throughout, we cite example studies that illustrate described. To population, key issues include: defining population estimated, considering candidate based strengths weaknesses relation range logistical practical issues, being aware resources required collect analyze data, understanding made. conclude with discussion some given arise during implementation.

Язык: Английский

---

Sharp decline in humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) survival and reproductive success in southeastern Alaska during and after the 2014–2016 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave

Mammalian Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(4), С. 1113 - 1131

Опубликована: Март 10, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Transformer for Object Re-identification: A Survey

International Journal of Computer Vision, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Flukebook: an open-source AI platform for cetacean photo identification

Mammalian Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(3), С. 1005 - 1023

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2022

Abstract Determining which species are at greatest risk, where they most vulnerable, and what the trajectories of their communities populations is critical for conservation management. Globally distributed, wide-ranging whales dolphins present a particular challenge in data collection because no single research team can record over biologically meaningful areas. Flukebook.org an open-source web platform that addresses these gaps by providing researchers with latest computational tools. It integrates photo-identification algorithms management, sharing, privacy infrastructure whale dolphin research, enabling global collaborative study species. With seven automatic identification trained 15 different species, resulting 37 species-specific pipelines, Flukebook extensible foundation continually incorporates emerging AI techniques applies them to cetacean photo through continued collaboration between computer vision researchers, software engineers, biologists. 2.0 million photos 52,000 identified individual animals submitted 250 enables comprehensive understanding populations, fostering international cross-institutional while respecting ownership privacy. We outline technology stack architecture Flukebook, its performance on real-world imagery, development as example scalable, extensible, reusable software. step change our ability conduct large-scale cetaceans across geographic ranges, rapidly iterate population assessments abundance trajectories, engage public actions protect them.

Язык: Английский

---

Individual identification and photographic techniques in mammalian ecological and behavioural research—Part 1: Methods and concepts

Mammalian Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(3), С. 545 - 549

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Individual identification and photographic techniques in mammalian ecological and behavioural research—Part 2: Field studies and applications

Mammalian Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(4), С. 1047 - 1054

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Advanced intelligent monitoring technologies for animals: A survey

Neurocomputing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 585, С. 127640 - 127640

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

A Biologist’s Guide to the Galaxy: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Very High-Resolution Satellite Imagery to Monitor Marine Mammals from Space

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(3), С. 595 - 595

Опубликована: Март 11, 2023

Monitoring marine mammals is of broad interest to governments and individuals around the globe. Very high-resolution (VHR) satellites hold promise reaching remote challenging locations fill gaps in our knowledge mammal distribution. The time has come create an operational platform that leverages increased resolution satellite imagery, proof-of-concept research, advances cloud computing, machine learning monitor world’s oceans. Geospatial Artificial Intelligence for Animals (GAIA) initiative was formed address this challenge with collaborative innovation from government agencies, academia, private sector. In paper, we share lessons learned, challenges faced, vision how VHR imagery can enhance understanding cetacean distribution future.

Язык: Английский

---

A deep learning approach to photo–identification demonstrates high performance on two dozen cetacean species

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(10), С. 2611 - 2625

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2023

Abstract Researchers can investigate many aspects of animal ecology through noninvasive photo–identification. Photo–identification is becoming more efficient as matching individuals between photos increasingly automated. However, the convolutional neural network models that have facilitated this change need training images to generalize well. As a result, they often been developed for individual species meet threshold. These single‐species methods might underperform, ignore potential similarities in identifying characteristics and photo–identification process among species. In paper, we introduce multi‐species model based on state‐of‐the‐art method human facial recognition, ArcFace classification head. Our uses two such heads jointly classify identities, allowing share information parameters within network. demonstration, trained with 50,796 from 39 catalogues 24 cetacean species, evaluating its predictive performance 21,192 test same catalogues. We further evaluated external entirely composed identities did not see during training. The achieved mean average precision (MAP) 0.869 set. Of these, 10 representing seven MAP score over 0.95. For some there was notable variation catalogues, largely explained by photo quality. Finally, appeared well, scoring similarly their species' counterparts larger From our application, provide list recommendations users model, focusing those example, high quality animals identified dorsal nicks notches should expect near optimal performance. Users decreasing higher proportions indistinct or poor photos. note currently freely available code GitHub repository graphical user interface, additional functionality collaborative data management, via Happywhale.com.

Язык: Английский

---