Stratospheric ozone, UV radiation, and climate interactions

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(5), С. 937 - 989

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023

This assessment provides a comprehensive update of the effects changes in stratospheric ozone and other factors (aerosols, surface reflectivity, solar activity, climate) on intensity ultraviolet (UV) radiation at Earth's surface. The is performed context Montreal Protocol Substances that Deplete Ozone Layer its Amendments Adjustments. Changes UV low- mid-latitudes (0-60°) during last 25 years have generally been small (e.g., typically less than 4% per decade, increasing some sites decreasing others) were mostly driven by cloud cover atmospheric aerosol content, caused partly climate change measures to control tropospheric pollution. Without Protocol, erythemal (sunburning) irradiance northern southern latitudes 50° would increased 10-20% between 1996 2020. For exceeding 50°, Index (UVI) surged 25% (year-round tip South America) more 100% (South Pole spring). Variability Antarctica was very large four years. In spring 2019, minimum historical (1991-2018) range Pole, while near record-high values observed 2020, which up 80% above mean. Arctic, highest irradiances record measured March April example monthly average UVI over site Canadian Arctic 70% higher (2005-2019) average, often this mean three standard deviations. Under presumption all countries will adhere future concentrations remain constant, (30-60°) projected decrease 2015 2090 2-5% north 4-6% south due recovering ozone. for tropics are ≤ 3%. However, industrial regions currently affected air pollution, increase as reduce pollutants gradually restore intensities those cleaner atmosphere. Since most substances controlled also greenhouse gases, phase-out these may avoided warming 0.5-1.0 °C mid-latitude continents, 1.0 Arctic; however, uncertainty calculations large. We assess climate, focusing poleward shift zones, discuss role Antarctic hole 2019 devastating "Black Summer" fires Australia. Additional topics include advances measuring modeling radiation; methods determining personal exposure; effect management (stratospheric injections) relevant plants; possible revisions vitamin D action spectrum, describes wavelength dependence synthesis previtamin

Язык: Английский

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A Survey of UV Filters Used in Sunscreen Cosmetics

Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(8), С. 3302 - 3302

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the types UV filters used in adult and children’s sunscreen products sold Poland (part EU market) their frequency use. INCI compositions were collected analyzed for presence filters. included 150 randomly selected preparations adults (from 71 brands) 50 children 33 brands). survey concerned listed Annex VI Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 European Parliament Council 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products. most frequently child sunscreens triazine derivatives: bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl (60.0%) ethylhexyl triazone (52.0%), salicylate (46.0%), a derivative salicylic acid. common butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (56.0%), dibenzoylmethane derivative, followed by acid (54.7%) derivatives (50.0%). Physical filters, including nano non-nano forms, more popular children, i.e., 50.0% (TiO2) 22.0% (ZnO), than adults: 21.3% 6.7% (ZnO). For both many contained four or five per preparation; however, often two To summarize, following dominate photoprotectors children: methoxydibenzoylmethane, triazine, triazone, salicylate, diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate.

Язык: Английский

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Relationship between climate change and skin cancer and implications for prevention and management: a scoping review

Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 227, С. 243 - 249

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

This study aimed to explore the published research on relationship between climate change and skin cancer implications for prevention, management further research. Scoping review. scoping review following JBI methodology reviewed English articles identified in searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web Science Scopus 14 April 2023. The screening was completed by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted a single reviewer checked another. A causal pathway diagram iteratively developed throughout used categorise findings. search 1376 papers, which 45 included final Nine papers reported primary research, 36 reviews, perspectives, commentaries, editorials, or essays. examined influencing behaviours related ultraviolet exposure (30 papers), ambient temperature (21 papers) air pollution (five as possible risk factors; occupational, rural, contextual factors affecting (11 papers); prevention access health care context (seven papers). Most journals subject areas other than health. radiation, occupation, rising temperature, individual behaviour influences rates. Furthermore, it highlights complexity uncertainties need this relationship, including epidemiological reviews that follow recognised guidelines include assessment services social determinants pathways relationship.

Язык: Английский

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Promising Functions of Novel Vitamin D Derivatives as Cosmetics: A New Fountain of Youth in Skin Aging and Skin Protection

Cosmetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(2), С. 37 - 37

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Vitamin D is a natural photoproduct that has many beneficial effects on different organs, including skin. Active forms of vitamin and its derivatives exert biological skin cells, thus maintaining homeostasis. In keratinocytes, they inhibit proliferation stimulate differentiation, have anti-inflammatory properties, act as antioxidants, DNA damage repair after ultraviolet (UV) exposure. melanocytes, also cell proliferation, apoptosis antioxidants. fibroblasts, affect fibrotic processes collagen production, promote wound healing regeneration. On the other hand, cells ability to activate directly. These activities, along with projected topical application derivatives, are promising for care photo protection can be used in prevention or possible reversal aging.

Язык: Английский

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Sunlight: Time for a Rethink?

Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 144(8), С. 1724 - 1732

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2024

Multiple strands of evidence point to the importance sunlight on health, but research in this field has been limited by focus dermatology community almost exclusively harmful effects (American Academy Dermatology, 2022American DermatologyPractice safe sun.https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/sun-protection/shade-clothing-sunscreen/practice-safe-sunDate: 2022Date accessed: November 24, 2023Google Scholar; National Health Service, 2022National ServiceSunscreen and sun safety.https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/seasonal-health/sunscreen-and-sun-safety/Date: Scholar) absence involvement nondermatologists considering wider health outcomes related exposure. I would like conclude highlighting 2 areas.

Язык: Английский

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Continuing benefits of the Montreal Protocol and protection of the stratospheric ozone layer for human health and the environment

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23(6), С. 1087 - 1115

Опубликована: Май 19, 2024

Abstract The protection of Earth’s stratospheric ozone (O 3 ) is an ongoing process under the auspices universally ratified Montreal Protocol and its Amendments adjustments. A critical part this assessment environmental issues related to changes in O . United Nations Environment Programme’s Environmental Effects Assessment Panel provides annual scientific evaluations some key arising recent collective knowledge base. This current update includes a comprehensive incidence rates skin cancer, cataract other eye diseases observed worldwide; effects UV radiation on tropospheric oxidants, air water quality; trends breakdown products fluorinated chemicals information their toxicity; technological innovations building materials for greater resistance radiation. These span wide range topics, including both harmful beneficial exposure radiation, complex interactions with climate change. While has succeeded preventing large reductions , future may occur due number natural anthropogenic factors. Thus, frequent assessments potential impacts are essential ensure that policies remain based best available knowledge. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Reduction of biofilm and pathogenic microorganisms using curcumin-mediated photodynamic inactivation to prolong food shelf-life

International Journal of Food Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 425, С. 110866 - 110866

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The interplay of cloud cover and 3D urban structures reduces human access to sunlight

Nature Cities, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(10), С. 686 - 694

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Repeated Low Dose UVR Exposure on Skin Inflammation Threshold, Skin Biomarkers and Vitamin D in Healthy Adults

Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(16), С. 3547 - 3547

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in United States. The previous literature demonstrates importance vitamin D for overall health, and a significant body has examined benefits optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] on cardiovascular but results remain inconclusive. objective this study was to determine association between reported CVD [25(OH)D]. We utilized 2015-2018 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey included adults aged 20 years older (n = 9825). defined as having stroke, heart attack, failure, or coronary disease. Vitamin status categorized 25(OH)D deficiency at <30 nmol/L; insufficiency 30 49.9 normal/optimal 50 125 adequacy >125 nmol/L. Statistical analysis performed using Chi-square tests, t-tests were conducted investigate differences participant characteristics among those with without CVD, regression models used explore levels status. found associated (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.48; 95% CI 1.11-1.98; p < 0.05). also (AOR 1.28; 1.06-1.54; not CVD. For prevention healthcare professionals may recommend use supplementation improve health while considering individual needs.

Язык: Английский

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