Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 340, С. 108184 - 108184
Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2022
Язык: Английский
Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 36(10), С. 919 - 930
Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2021
Biodiversity continues to decline rapidly, despite decades of repeated national and international policy efforts. Agricultural intensification is a major driver biodiversity losses, while conversion organic farming has been suggested as key technique halt or reverse this trend.In contrast widespread view, certified agriculture raises local richness species by just third when compared conventional farming. This achieved through waiving synthetic agrochemicals, but leads considerable yield requiring the more land obtain similar yields.Diversifying cropland reducing field size on landscape level can multiply in both without productivity.Complementing such increases heterogeneity with at least 20% seminatural habitat per should be recommendation current frameworks. We challenge appraisal that fundamental alternative for harnessing agricultural landscapes. Certification production largely restricted banning resulting limited benefits high losses ongoing specialisation. In contrast, successful measures enhance include diversifying size, which sustaining yields systems. Achieving landscape-level mosaic natural patches fine-grained diversification promoting large-scale biodiversity. needs urgently acknowledged makers an paradigm shift. decline, implementation conservation conventions, Convention Biological Diversity (1992), UN Decade (2011–2020), many other schemes, had little success [1.Kleijn D. et al.Does farmland contribute halting decline?.Trends Ecol. Evol. 2011; 26: 474-481Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar,2.Pe'er G. al.Adding some green greening: improving EU's ecological focus areas farmers.Conserv. Lett. 2017; 10: 517-530Crossref Scholar]. Agriculture considered main cause global [3.Sánchez-Bayo F. Wyckhuys K.A.G. Worldwide entomofauna: A review its drivers.Biol. Conserv. 2019; 232: 8-27Crossref (919) Scholar, 4.Seibold S. al.Arthropod grasslands forests associated drivers.Nature. 574: 671-674Crossref (306) 5.Lichtenberg E.M. al.A synthesis effects diversified systems arthropod diversity within fields across landscapes.Glob. Chang. Biol. 23: 4946-4957Crossref (123) Scholar], objectives still collide FAO calls higher crop feed world [6.Tscharntke T. al.Global food security, future intensification.Biol. 2012; 151: 53-59Crossref (1050) The model intensification, based agrochemical inputs, large monocultures homogenisation, successfully increased yields, severe ecosystem services, even neighbouring nature reserves Scholar,5.Lichtenberg 6.Tscharntke 7.Kormann U. al.Local management drive trait-mediated nine taxa small grassland fragments.Divers. Distrib. 2015; 21: 1204-1217Crossref (62) Current trends only reversed concerted effort fundamentally redesign landscapes [8.Landis D.A. Designing biodiversity-based services.Basic Appl. 18: 1-12Crossref (262) 9.Grass I. al.Land-sharing/-sparing connectivity services conservation.People Nat. 1: 262-272Google 10.Grass al.Combining land-sparing land-sharing European landscapes.Adv. Res. 2021; 64: 251-303Crossref (14) Scholar]; is, shift agriculture. Certified farming, agrochemicals [11.Seufert V. Ramankutty N. Many shades gray – context-dependent performance agriculture.Sci. Adv. 3e1602638Crossref Scholar] achieve sustainability general particular, often claimed [12.Niggli Sustainability production: challenges innovations.Proc. Nutr. Soc. 74: 83-88Crossref (39) 13.Bosshard A. International Federation Organic Movements IFOAM Guide Landscape Quality Agriculture. IFOAM, 2009Google 14.Geiger al.Persistent negative pesticides biological control potential farmland.Basic 2010; 11: 97-105Crossref (724) However, contribution stop appears exaggerated public perception [15.Hole D.G. benefit biodiversity?.Biol. 2005; 122: 113-130Crossref Scholar,16.Schneider M.K. al.Gains organically farmed are not propagated farm level.Nat. Commun. 2014; 5: 4151Crossref (64) fact, switching from practices [17.Tuck S.L. al.Land-use intensity biodiversity: hierarchical meta-analysis.J. 51: 746-755Crossref (367) so needed produce same amount Scholar,18.Meemken E.-M. Qaim M. agriculture, environment.Annu. Rev. Resour. Econ. 2018; 39-63Crossref (82) Surprisingly, wealth biodiversity-friendly implemented have far poorly adopted [19.Kleijn al.Ecological intensification: bridging gap between science practice.Trends 34: 154-166Abstract (147) 20.Sirami C. al.Increasing enhances multitrophic regions.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 116: 16442-16447Crossref 21.Batary P. al.Landscape-moderated importance hedges conserving bird vs. croplands grasslands.Biol. 143: 2020-2027Crossref (102) 22.Haan N.L. al.Designing arthropod-based North America.Adv. 191-250Crossref (1) 23.Boetzl F.A. multitaxa assessment effectiveness agri-environmental schemes management.Proc. 118: 1-9Crossref (3) Here, we restoring After considering essential propose effective solutions towards friendly ways integrate scales existing well policies. On average, world's crops ~34% abundance ~50% Scholar,24.Bengtsson J. al.The abundance: 42: 261-269Crossref Scholar,25.Smith O.M. al.Landscape context affects systems.Proc. 2020; 117: 2870-2878Crossref (12) plants bees benefitting most arthropods birds smaller degree Benefits also vary type strives environmental benefits, soil fertility biodiversity, prohibits fertilisers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms Scholar,12.Niggli Scholar,26.Mäder al.Soil farming.Science. 2002; 296: 1694-1697Crossref (1744) replacement herbicides mechanical weeding important conservation, because weed cover [27.Roschewitz complexity arable farming.J. 873-882Crossref (283) 28.Clough Y. al.Alpha beta conventionally managed wheat fields.J. 2007; 44: 804-812Crossref (143) 29.Holzschuh al.Agricultural support pollinator diversity.Oikos. 2008; 354-361Crossref 30.Batáry former Iron Curtain drives biodiversity-profit trade-offs German agriculture.Nat. 1279-1284Crossref (69) Practices diversification, fields, manure, low fertiliser input, restoration elements recommended organisations prevalent than farms [31.Fuller R.J. al.Benefits among taxa.Biol. 431-434Crossref (209) Scholar,32.Holzschuh al.Diversity flower-visiting cereal fields: system, composition regional context.J. 41-49Crossref they formal part certification regulations [33.Tscharntke al.Conserving tropical agroforestry scales.Conserv. 8: 14-23Crossref Mainstreaming public, pushed policies NGO activities, play role success, empathy trust schemes. Lastly, products profitable farmers, consumers, governments, pay premium prices Scholar,30.Batáry Scholar,34.Reganold J.P. Wachter J.M. twenty-first century.Nat. Plants. 2016; 2: 1-8Crossref (464) there limitations reduced misconceptions about pesticide use, taxon-specific commercial production. While waste meat consumption security lower additional obstacles [35.Gabriel al.Food comparing agriculture.J. 2013; 50: 355-364Crossref (134) When measured unit necessary defined output (e.g., number kilograms produced) simply hectare wheat), disappear [10.Grass Scholar,36.Kremen Reframing land-sparing/land-sharing debate conservation.Ann. 1355: 52-76Crossref (207) Globally all crops, 19–25% [18.Meemken Vegetables cereals show highest gaps [37.Seufert al.Comparing agriculture.Nature. 485: 229-232Crossref (1006) up 50% decrease [30.Batáry Scholar,35.Gabriel however, fruits oilseed Moreover, it myth principally waive pesticides. Pesticides allowed under labels long derived substances rather ones Widespread insecticides used pyrethrin, chrysanthemum, azadirachtin Asian neem tree. Copper sulfate applied cope fungal bacterial diseases, example, vineyards, orchards, vegetables [38.Nascimbene al.Organic plant vineyard located intensive landscapes.Environ. Manag. 49: 1054-1060Crossref (38) persistent accumulates soils [39.Tamm L. al.Reduktion von Pflanzenschutzmitteln der Schweiz: Beitrag des Biolandbaus.Agrarforschung Schweiz. 52–59Google Natural do much damage [40.Biondi al.Using organic-certified may safer agents: selectivity side 14 predator Orius laevigatus.Chemosphere. 87: 803-812Crossref (305) vast majority rarely treated potatoes, vegetables, hops, grapes, regularly heavily For instance, spraying grapes apples shown less Scholar,39.Tamm Overall, suggests smart application strategies use Integrated Pest Pollinator Management techniques) regardless [14.Geiger Scholar,41.Tscharntke al.When fails pest Five hypotheses.Biol. 204: 449-458Crossref (241) Scholar,42.Müller Impacts sublethal insecticide exposure insects facts knowledge gaps.Basic 30: 1-10Crossref (56) Similarly, harmful overfertilisation occurs mineral manure [43.Klimek al.Additive partitioning respect regime, fertilisation abiotic factors.Basic 9: 626-634Crossref (45) Importantly, spectrum [5.Lichtenberg Scholar,44.Forrest J.R.K. al.Contrasting patterns functional-trait landscape.J. 52: 706-715Crossref noncrop due missing herbicides, whereas mobile, landscape-dependent insect populations Furthermore, applications common great habitats. These habitats hedges, herbaceous boundaries, traditional, uneconomic agroecosystems calcareous orchard meadows [21.Batary Scholar,45.Weibull A.-C. butterflies landscape: system heterogeneity.Ecography. 2000; 743-750Crossref meta-analysis agrienvironment found off-field measures, margins hedgerows, twice in-field [46.Batáry agri-environment management.Conserv. 29: 1006-1016Crossref (419) diversity, butterfly [45.Weibull Increasing hedge length 250 m one 12 species, increasingly intensified, specialised, away idealism enthusiasm original movement (Figure 1). family characterised beginning movement, modern huge monocultures, resembling fields. come sterile greenhouse blocks cultures plastic sheets, covering entire Almeria Province (Spain) heart Europe's where >50% grown proportion increasing over last decade 1.4% 10.3% [47.Dundas Farming "Supersized": An Imperfect Solution Planet?.2019Google Further examples landscape-damaging produced blocks, favourably doubling extending growing seasons, cost [48.Chang greenhouses beyond supply?.Front. Environ. 43-49Crossref above suggest silver bullet Diversifying pollination, Scholar,49.Rosa-Schleich al.Ecological-economic Diversified Systems review.Ecol. 160: 251-263Crossref (41) Scholar,50.Tamburini promotes multiple compromising yield.Sci. 6eaba1715Crossref (Table 1 Table 2). land, particular Europe America, shaped short rotations simplify techniques specialise best-selling products. Diverse dominated after maize maize), three standard sequences wheat, barley, rape [51.Steinmann H.-H. Dobers E.S. Spatio-temporal analysis sequence Northern Germany: implications health protection.J. Plant Dis. Prot. 120: 85-94Crossref (37) Scholar,52.Bennett A.J. al.Meeting demand rotations.Biol. 52-71Crossref (247) Scholar]). simplified deplete soils, promote infestations, resistance applications, risk resource bottlenecks pollinators biocontrol agents [53.Schellhorn N.A. al.Time will tell: continuity bolsters services.Trends 524-530Abstract (133) increase declines [52.Bennett provided mixed pattern alone combined practices, wildflower strips, effectively stability pollination 54.Rundlöf al.Late-season mass-flowering red clover bumble bee queen male densities.Biol. 172: 138-145Crossref 55.Westphal al.Mass flowering improves early colony growth sexual reproduction bumblebees.J. 2009; 46: 187-193Crossref Globally, 15% longer (4.5 instead 3.8 years). Still, average 48% [56.Barbieri farming.Sci. Rep. 7: Diversification multicropping reduce 8–9% [57.Ponisio L.C. al.Diversification gap.Proc. R. B 282: 20141396Crossref could longer, 7-year period [26.Mäder uptake [58.Seufert al.Current contributions system.Agroecosyst. Divers. 2019: 435-452Crossref (7) Instead, trend intensify Scholar,59.Garibaldi L.A. Pérez-Méndez Positive outcomes employment worldwide.Ecol. 164: 106358Crossref (18) Scholar].Table 1Biodiversity scales, illustrated meta-analyses syntheses showing quantified estimatesMeasuresQuantified findingsRefsLocal scaleOff-field vs measuresMeasures areas, roughly enhancing richnes
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
393
Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 387(6738), С. 1090 - 1094
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Numerous declines have been documented across insect groups, and the potential consequences of losses are dire. Butterflies most surveyed taxa, yet analyses limited in geographic scale or rely on data from a single monitoring program. Using records 12.6 million individual butterflies >76,000 surveys 35 programs, we characterized overall species-specific butterfly abundance trends contiguous United States. Between 2000 2020, total fell by 22% 554 recorded species. Species-level were widespread, with 13 times as many species declining increasing. The prevalence throughout all regions States highlights an urgent need to protect further losses.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 804, С. 150156 - 150156
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2021
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
63
Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 142, С. 109218 - 109218
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2022
Agroecosystems benefit from many ecosystem services and are frequently managed to increase productivity. In recent years, agricultural industrialization has caused the loss of some important in agroecosystems, hindering sustainable development goals (SDGs). order promote development, it is necessary restore damaged agroecosystems improve agroecosystem (AES). However, there relatively few studies on AES, fewer concerning definition or connotation AES. Therefore, this paper reviews current AES research, indicators, assessment methods, as well directions for future research. determined by functions human practices, with both positive negative effects, scale trade-offs synergies between indicators can be classified provisioning services, regulating cultural a including supporting services. Currently, main methods include public participation, empirical model, mechanism value estimation. Multi-source data fusion integrated models assess multiple will research trend. addition, should develop additional promising topics, considering disservices (AEDS); assessing supply, demand, flow; analyzing comprehensively. This extend field links SDGs their applications landscape planning governance. review highlights importance more effectively manage development.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
42
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 197, С. 106894 - 106894
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022
Agricultural intensification decreased land cover complexity by converting small complex arable field geometries into large and simple structures which then were managed uniformly. These changes have led to a variety of negative environmental effects influence ecosystem services. We present novel small-scale site-specific cropping system splits homogeneous sub-fields called 'patches' grouped in different yield potentials. A detailed workflow is presented generate new spatially arranged patches with special focus on preprocessing filtering multi-year data, the variation patch sizes adaptation maximum working width use available conventional farm equipment permanent traffic lanes. The reduction variance used cluster algorithm depends within-field heterogeneity. size, number growing seasons (GS) for clustering parallel shift structure along lane resulted change relative variance. Independent cross validation showed an increased performance classification increasing GS clustering. applied analysis robust segregation according potential zones provides innovative method system.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
30
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 347, С. 108370 - 108370
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
18
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(5), С. 114072 - 114072
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 30(11), С. 3045 - 3066
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2021
Abstract An alarming decrease of insects in number and variety calls for measures protection promotion, since are crucial the functioning ecosystems provide multiple ecosystem services. Agricultural landscapes can vast insect habitats if they managed accordingly. However, little is known about farmers’ problem awareness attitudes toward biodiversity loss, related farming practises, or alternative acceptable insect-friendly solutions. To fill these research gaps, this paper aimed to reveal perceptions regarding aspects two German case studies. We conducted 23 semi-structured interviews with farmers 2019 qualitatively analysed them using semantic web analysis. Farmers mostly reported insects’ services disservices agricultural production rather than mentioning holistic ecological importance insects. About half confirmed loss based on their own observations, whereas a similar doubted there had been Most open-minded towards financially compensated. The also mentioned joint societal responsibility insects, economic pressure use pesticides due global market prices, unbalanced policies. This study revealed in-depth insights into thinking how contextualise arguments. Our results identified overlaps mental models, which paves way co-designing practices landscape labs. Local transformation efforts demonstrate new pathways shift higher levels.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
28
Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 319 - 319
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025
The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, is a pest threatening global production. This pest’s adaptability and resistance to chemical insecticides have necessitated integrated management (IPM) strategies prioritizing sustainable alternatives. review explores the role of biological control agents (BCAs) in managing T. absoluta populations, emphasizing integration floral resources enhance their efficacy. Predatory mirids such as Macrolophus pygmaeus Nesidiocoris tenuis parasitoids N. artynes Trichogramma spp. are pivotal suppression; however, performance depends on nutritional habitat support. Floral provide essential sugars proteins, improving longevity, fecundity, predation efficiency these BCAs. synthesizes case studies highlighting benefits selected flowering plants, Lobularia maritima Fagopyrum esculentum, supporting predator parasitoid populations while minimizing advantages absoluta. Mechanisms nectar quality, accessibility, spatial–temporal resource availability explored detail. Additionally, challenges selective attraction, microbial impacts composition, unintended support non-target organisms discussed. proposes targeted optimize BCA within IPM systems by integrating ecological insights. approach offers pathway toward reducing pesticide reliance, fostering agriculture, mitigating economic infestations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 106(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Abstract The distribution and abundance of foraging resources are key determinants animal habitat use persistence. Decades agricultural expansion intensification, along with the introduction exotic species, have dramatically altered resource distributions in space time. nature contemporary landscapes requires new approaches to understand how mobile organisms utilize resulting highly fragmented, heterogeneous resources. We used colonies native bumble bee ( Bombus vosnesenskii ) deployed among types a land gradient characterize availability change as function landscape composition throughout season diverse region Northern California. employ novel probabilistic framework identify spatiotemporal patterns different habitats. Bumble preference (i.e., pollen foraging) flowering plant abundance) driven by surrounding time year. bees strongly preferred from plants, which was overrepresented samples across relative its estimated availability. Our model also revealed strong reliance on seminatural (e.g., oak savannahs, chapparal, riparian corridors)—features that increasingly rare anthropogenically dominated landscapes. In fact, even most intensive largely limited interstitial field road edges) despite available mass‐flowering crops. results highlight importance mosaic heterogeneity) allowing link through season. we develop serves enhance predictions insect within fragmented
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0