The Role of Oxidative Stress in Vitiligo: An Update on Its Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(6), С. 936 - 936

Опубликована: Март 19, 2023

Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disorder caused by dysfunctional pigment-producing melanocytes which are attacked immune cells. Oxidative stress considered to play a crucial role in activating consequent responses related vitiligo. Melanin synthesis the main intracellular stressor, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under normal physiological conditions, antioxidative nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) pathway functions as mediator for cells resist oxidative stress. In pathological situations, such with antioxidant defects or under inflammation, ROS accumulate and cause cell damage. Herein, we summarize events at cellular level excessive vitiligo highlight exposure melanocyte-specific antigens that trigger responses. Such lead functional impairment death of melanocytes, sequentially increase melanocyte cytotoxicity through both innate adaptive immunity. This report provides new perspectives advances our understanding interrelationships between autoimmunity pathogenesis We describe progress targeted therapy, aim providing potential therapeutic approaches.

Язык: Английский

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JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors in dermatology

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 98(5), С. 656 - 677

Опубликована: Май 23, 2023

The JAK-STAT signaling pathway mediates important cellular processes such as immune response, carcinogenesis, cell differentiation, division and death. Therefore, drugs that interfere with different patterns have potential indications for various medical conditions. main dermatological targets of inhibitors are inflammatory or autoimmune diseases psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis alopecia areata; however, several dermatoses under investigation to expand this list indications. As should gradually occupy a relevant space in prescriptions, review presents the available drugs, their immunological effects, pharmacological characteristics, related clinical efficacy safety, aiming validate best practice.

Язык: Английский

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Vitiligo, from Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Advances: State of the Art

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(5), С. 4910 - 4910

Опубликована: Март 3, 2023

Vitiligo is an acquired hypopigmentation of the skin due to a progressive selective loss melanocytes; it has prevalence 1–2% and appears as rounded, well-demarcated white macules. The etiopathology disease not been well defined, but multiple factors contribute melanocyte loss: metabolic abnormalities, oxidative stress, inflammation, autoimmunity. Therefore, convergence theory was proposed that combines all existing theories into comprehensive one in which several mechanisms reduction viability. In addition, increasingly in-depth knowledge about disease’s pathogenetic processes enabled development targeted therapeutic strategies with high efficacy fewer side effects. aim this paper is, by conducting narrative review literature, analyze pathogenesis vitiligo most recent treatments available for condition.

Язык: Английский

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Expert Recommendations on Use of Topical Therapeutics for Vitiligo in Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Patients

JAMA Dermatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 160(4), С. 453 - 453

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of vitiligo in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients US are needed.

Язык: Английский

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Janus kinase inhibitors and the changing landscape of vitiligo management: a scoping review

International Journal of Dermatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(8), С. 1020 - 1035

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2024

Abstract Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition caused by an autoimmune response that results in the progressive loss of melanocytes and recent studies have suggested Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) are emerging as promising new treatment modality. Therefore, to assess understand extent knowledge field JAKi use vitiligo, scoping review literature was undertaken. The reviewed articles explored wide variety administered either orally or topically for vitiligo. There were no injectable studied. Tofacitinib most commonly studied oral 16 35 selected review, followed baricitinib ( n = 3), one study each with ritlecitinib, ruxolitinib, upadacitinib. Ruxolitinib 6) tofacitinib often topical JAKi, delgocitinib 1). Potential benefits may vary between based on their receptor selectivity profile coexistent diseases. A would be advantageous limited body area involvement adolescents. Concurrent phototherapy sun exposure appears beneficial. Most permitted other agents. Acne‐related events, though frequent yet mild, reported both JAKi. Nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections, headaches common adverse effects seen larger trials No serious clinically meaningful hematology thromboembolic events detected. Treatment vitiligo seems growing evidence shows favorable risk‐benefit profile.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary Interventions, Supplements, and Plant-Derived Compounds for Adjunct Vitiligo Management: A Review of the Literature

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 357 - 357

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune pigmentation disorder shaped by complex interplay of genetic predispositions and environmental triggers. While conventional therapies—phototherapy, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants—can be effective, their benefits are often partial temporary, with recurrence common once treatment stops. As such, there increasing interest in exploring complementary approaches that may offer more sustainable impact. Emerging evidence suggests macronutrient micronutrient-level changes could beneficial for managing progression and, some cases, facilitating repigmentation. Antioxidant-rich foods, such as apples, green tea, Indian gooseberry, onions, peppers, help mitigate oxidative stress, while inflammatory gluten high-phenol nuts berries, exacerbate the condition. Certain supplements, including high-dose vitamin D, C, E, selenium, enhance phototherapy outcomes. Omega-3 other unsaturated fatty acids, addition to prebiotics probiotics, under active investigation roles gut health immune regulation. Notably, plant-derived compounds, i.e., Ginkgo biloba, have demonstrated promise promoting repigmentation disease progression. However, it must emphasized these nutritional interventions remain exploratory, research needed establish efficacy, safety, optimal usage before they can recommended part standard regimen.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of the clinical and sociodemographic features of patients with vitiligo from the central region of Romania

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Background In this study, we aimed to investigate and analyze the clinical sociodemographic features possible correlation with factors associated development of vitiligo in a cohort patients suffering from disease central region Romania. Methods Patients diagnosed private outpatient clinics clinic Dermatology Clinic Târgu Mureş participated study. The study period was between March 2021 2022. Both sets adhered same specified inclusion exclusion criteria. Included just who received complete dermatological examination. They were asked by experienced physicians about epidemiological data disease, using questions validated questionnaire edited Vitiligo Research Foundation United States America. given incomplete responses excluded. This contains 30 multiple answers, vitiligo, divided into seven subgroups as follows: group 1. Origins (demographic data), 2. History 3. description, 4. treatments, 5. Skin condition, 6. Other conditions (comorbidities), 7. Impact (cost treatments). Our consisted 114 patients, all whom Caucasians Fitzpatrick skin types ranging I–III. Results We have analyzed found compared result literature. Most characteristics our similar those other studies. A few linked appearance present higher percentages like presence family, lighter color eyes, gray colored hair, halo naevus, predisposition sunburn, trauma starting cause increased level thyroid disease. Conclusion Based on results, can conclude profile potential patient develop vitiligo. To knowledge, is first its kind country, however, inferences remain limited single center, relatively small sample size, recall bias, self-decided classification some aspects, which are limitations

Язык: Английский

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Beyond skin deep: exploring the complex molecular mechanisms and holistic management strategies of vitiligo

Archives of Dermatological Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 317(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Onset of Vitiligo During Dupilumab Treatment: A Systematic Review

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Essential Role of microRNAs in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Skin Diseases—A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(11), С. 9130 - 9130

Опубликована: Май 23, 2023

The etiopathogenesis of autoimmune skin diseases is complex and still not fully understood. role epigenetic factors emphasized in the development such diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a group non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs—non-coding RNAs), are one important post-transcriptional factors. miRNAs have significant regulation immune response by participating process differentiation activation B T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells. Recent advances research on provided new insights into pathogenesis potential diagnostic therapeutic targets many pathologies. Numerous studies revealed change expression some microRNAs inflammatory disorders, miRNA promising goal. This review presents state art regarding changes diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, lichen planus, hidradenitis suppurativa, blistering

Язык: Английский

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