Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 936 - 936
Published: March 19, 2023
Vitiligo
is
an
autoimmune
skin
disorder
caused
by
dysfunctional
pigment-producing
melanocytes
which
are
attacked
immune
cells.
Oxidative
stress
considered
to
play
a
crucial
role
in
activating
consequent
responses
related
vitiligo.
Melanin
synthesis
the
main
intracellular
stressor,
producing
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS).
Under
normal
physiological
conditions,
antioxidative
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2-related
2
(Nrf2)
pathway
functions
as
mediator
for
cells
resist
oxidative
stress.
In
pathological
situations,
such
with
antioxidant
defects
or
under
inflammation,
ROS
accumulate
and
cause
cell
damage.
Herein,
we
summarize
events
at
cellular
level
excessive
vitiligo
highlight
exposure
melanocyte-specific
antigens
that
trigger
responses.
Such
lead
functional
impairment
death
of
melanocytes,
sequentially
increase
melanocyte
cytotoxicity
through
both
innate
adaptive
immunity.
This
report
provides
new
perspectives
advances
our
understanding
interrelationships
between
autoimmunity
pathogenesis
We
describe
progress
targeted
therapy,
aim
providing
potential
therapeutic
approaches.
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
98(5), P. 656 - 677
Published: May 23, 2023
The
JAK-STAT
signaling
pathway
mediates
important
cellular
processes
such
as
immune
response,
carcinogenesis,
cell
differentiation,
division
and
death.
Therefore,
drugs
that
interfere
with
different
patterns
have
potential
indications
for
various
medical
conditions.
main
dermatological
targets
of
inhibitors
are
inflammatory
or
autoimmune
diseases
psoriasis,
vitiligo,
atopic
dermatitis
alopecia
areata;
however,
several
dermatoses
under
investigation
to
expand
this
list
indications.
As
should
gradually
occupy
a
relevant
space
in
prescriptions,
review
presents
the
available
drugs,
their
immunological
effects,
pharmacological
characteristics,
related
clinical
efficacy
safety,
aiming
validate
best
practice.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(5), P. 4910 - 4910
Published: March 3, 2023
Vitiligo
is
an
acquired
hypopigmentation
of
the
skin
due
to
a
progressive
selective
loss
melanocytes;
it
has
prevalence
1–2%
and
appears
as
rounded,
well-demarcated
white
macules.
The
etiopathology
disease
not
been
well
defined,
but
multiple
factors
contribute
melanocyte
loss:
metabolic
abnormalities,
oxidative
stress,
inflammation,
autoimmunity.
Therefore,
convergence
theory
was
proposed
that
combines
all
existing
theories
into
comprehensive
one
in
which
several
mechanisms
reduction
viability.
In
addition,
increasingly
in-depth
knowledge
about
disease’s
pathogenetic
processes
enabled
development
targeted
therapeutic
strategies
with
high
efficacy
fewer
side
effects.
aim
this
paper
is,
by
conducting
narrative
review
literature,
analyze
pathogenesis
vitiligo
most
recent
treatments
available
for
condition.
International Journal of Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
63(8), P. 1020 - 1035
Published: April 12, 2024
Abstract
Vitiligo
is
a
chronic
skin
condition
caused
by
an
autoimmune
response
that
results
in
the
progressive
loss
of
melanocytes
and
recent
studies
have
suggested
Janus
kinase
inhibitors
(JAKi)
are
emerging
as
promising
new
treatment
modality.
Therefore,
to
assess
understand
extent
knowledge
field
JAKi
use
vitiligo,
scoping
review
literature
was
undertaken.
The
reviewed
articles
explored
wide
variety
administered
either
orally
or
topically
for
vitiligo.
There
were
no
injectable
studied.
Tofacitinib
most
commonly
studied
oral
16
35
selected
review,
followed
baricitinib
(
n
=
3),
one
study
each
with
ritlecitinib,
ruxolitinib,
upadacitinib.
Ruxolitinib
6)
tofacitinib
often
topical
JAKi,
delgocitinib
1).
Potential
benefits
may
vary
between
based
on
their
receptor
selectivity
profile
coexistent
diseases.
A
would
be
advantageous
limited
body
area
involvement
adolescents.
Concurrent
phototherapy
sun
exposure
appears
beneficial.
Most
permitted
other
agents.
Acne‐related
events,
though
frequent
yet
mild,
reported
both
JAKi.
Nasopharyngitis,
upper
respiratory
tract
infections,
headaches
common
adverse
effects
seen
larger
trials
No
serious
clinically
meaningful
hematology
thromboembolic
events
detected.
Treatment
vitiligo
seems
growing
evidence
shows
favorable
risk‐benefit
profile.
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(2), P. 357 - 357
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Vitiligo
is
a
chronic
autoimmune
pigmentation
disorder
shaped
by
complex
interplay
of
genetic
predispositions
and
environmental
triggers.
While
conventional
therapies—phototherapy,
corticosteroids,
immunosuppressants—can
be
effective,
their
benefits
are
often
partial
temporary,
with
recurrence
common
once
treatment
stops.
As
such,
there
increasing
interest
in
exploring
complementary
approaches
that
may
offer
more
sustainable
impact.
Emerging
evidence
suggests
macronutrient
micronutrient-level
changes
could
beneficial
for
managing
progression
and,
some
cases,
facilitating
repigmentation.
Antioxidant-rich
foods,
such
as
apples,
green
tea,
Indian
gooseberry,
onions,
peppers,
help
mitigate
oxidative
stress,
while
inflammatory
gluten
high-phenol
nuts
berries,
exacerbate
the
condition.
Certain
supplements,
including
high-dose
vitamin
D,
C,
E,
selenium,
enhance
phototherapy
outcomes.
Omega-3
other
unsaturated
fatty
acids,
addition
to
prebiotics
probiotics,
under
active
investigation
roles
gut
health
immune
regulation.
Notably,
plant-derived
compounds,
i.e.,
Ginkgo
biloba,
have
demonstrated
promise
promoting
repigmentation
disease
progression.
However,
it
must
emphasized
these
nutritional
interventions
remain
exploratory,
research
needed
establish
efficacy,
safety,
optimal
usage
before
they
can
recommended
part
standard
regimen.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(11), P. 9130 - 9130
Published: May 23, 2023
The
etiopathogenesis
of
autoimmune
skin
diseases
is
complex
and
still
not
fully
understood.
role
epigenetic
factors
emphasized
in
the
development
such
diseases.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs),
a
group
non-coding
RNAs
(ncRNAs—non-coding
RNAs),
are
one
important
post-transcriptional
factors.
miRNAs
have
significant
regulation
immune
response
by
participating
process
differentiation
activation
B
T
lymphocytes,
macrophages,
dendritic
cells.
Recent
advances
research
on
provided
new
insights
into
pathogenesis
potential
diagnostic
therapeutic
targets
many
pathologies.
Numerous
studies
revealed
change
expression
some
microRNAs
inflammatory
disorders,
miRNA
promising
goal.
This
review
presents
state
art
regarding
changes
diseases,
including
psoriasis,
atopic
dermatitis,
vitiligo,
lichen
planus,
hidradenitis
suppurativa,
blistering
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(24), P. 17306 - 17306
Published: Dec. 9, 2023
Vitiligo
is
a
complex
disease
with
multifactorial
nature
and
high
impact
on
the
quality
of
life
patients.
Although
there
are
multiple
therapeutic
alternatives,
currently
no
fully
effective
treatment
for
this
disease.
In
current
era,
drugs
being
developed
autoimmune
diseases.
This
review
assesses
available
evidence
pathogenesis
vitiligo,
comprehensive
treatments
vitiligo
now
in
near
future
provided.
qualitative
analysis
spans
116
articles.
We
reviewed
mechanism
action,
efficacy
safety
data
phototherapy,
afamelanotide,
cyclosporine,
phosphodiesterase
4
inhibitors,
trichloroacetic
acid,
basic
fibroblast
growth
factor,
tumor
necrosis
factor
(TNF)
secukinumab,
pseudocatalase
janus
kinase
(JAK)
inhibitors.
At
moment,
clearly
outstanding
option
or
satisfactory
so
it
necessary
to
keep
up
development
new
as
well
publication
long-term
effectiveness
existing
treatments.
Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(3), P. 405 - 423
Published: April 4, 2023
Psoriasis
and
vitiligo
are
both
chronic,
skin-specific
diseases
classified
as
autoimmune
due
to
the
involvement
of
several
biochemical
pathways
in
their
pathogenesis,
similar
those
altered
other
diseases.
The
role
miRNAs
regulating
skin
function
has
yet
be
fully
characterized.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Vitiligo
is
an
acquired
autoimmune
dermatosis
characterized
by
patchy
skin
depigmentation,
causing
significant
psychological
distress
to
the
patients.
Genetic
susceptibility,
environmental
triggers,
oxidative
stress,
and
autoimmunity
contribute
melanocyte
destruction
in
vitiligo.
Due
diversity
complexity
of
pathogenesis,
combination
inhibiting
stimulating
melanogenesis
gives
best
results
treating
The
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR)
a
ligand-activated
transcription
factor
that
can
regulate
expression
various
downstream
genes
play
roles
cell
differentiation,
immune
response,
physiological
homeostasis
maintenance.
Recent
studies
suggested
AhR
signaling
pathway
was
downregulated
Activation
helps
activate
antioxidant
pathways,
inhibit
abnormal
immunity
upregulate
gene,
thereby
protecting
melanocytes
from
stress
damage,
controlling
disease
progression,
promoting
lesion
repigmentation.
Here,
we
review
relevant
literature
summarize
possible
vitiligo
pathogenesis
treatment,
further
understand
links
between
vitiligo,
provide
new
potential
therapeutic
strategies.
