Prenatal Cannabis Use and Maternal Pregnancy Outcomes

JAMA Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 184(9), С. 1083 - 1083

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024

Many studies have evaluated whether in utero cannabis exposure is associated with fetal and neonatal outcomes, yet little known about prenatal use maternal health outcomes during pregnancy.

Язык: Английский

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Risk of Adverse Neonatal Outcomes After Combined Prenatal Cannabis and Nicotine Exposure

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(5), С. e2410151 - e2410151

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

Importance The prevalence of cannabis use in pregnancy is rising and associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. In parallel, combined prenatal nicotine also increasing, but little known about the impact both substances on offspring outcomes compared each substance alone. Objective To assess exposure alone during pregnancy. Design, Setting, Participants This retrospective population-based cohort study included linked hospital discharge data (obtained from California Department Health Care Access Information) vital statistics Public Health) January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2019. Pregnant individuals singleton gestations gestational ages 23 to 42 weeks were included. Data analyzed October 14, 2023, March 4, 2024. Exposures Cannabis-related diagnosis product captured using codes International Classification Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification , Statistical Tenth . Main Outcome Measures main infant neonatal death, infants small for age, preterm delivery. Results by multivariable Poisson regression models. A total 3 129 259 pregnant (mean [SD] maternal age 29.3 [6.0] years), whom 007 (0.7%) had a cannabis-related diagnosis, 56 811 (1.8%) nicotine-use 10 312 (0.3%) Compared nonusers, those or diagnoses increased rates (0.7% both) (0.3% (14.3% 13.7%, respectively), delivery (<37 weeks) (12.2% 12.0%, respectively). Moreover, risks higher death (1.2%; adjusted risk ratio [ARR], 2.18 [95% CI, 1.82-2.62]), (0.6%; ARR, 1.76 1.36-2.28]), (18.0%; 1.94 1.86-2.02]), (17.5%; 1.83 1.75-1.91]). Conclusions Relevance These findings suggest that co-occurring products an morbidity either Given increasing pregnancy, these can help guide health care practitioners preconception counseling, especially regarding benefits cessation.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabinoids in Chronic Pain Management: A Review of the History, Efficacy, Applications, and Risks

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3), С. 530 - 530

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Background/Objectives: Chronic pain remains a pervasive and challenging public health issue, often resistant to conventional treatments such as opioids, which carry substantial risks of dependency adverse effects. Cannabinoids, bioactive compounds derived from the Cannabis sativa plant their synthetic analogs, have emerged potential alternative for management, leveraging interaction with endocannabinoid system modulate inflammation. Methods: The current, evolving literature regarding history, efficacy, applications, safety cannabinoids in treatment chronic was reviewed summarized provide most current review cannabinoids. Results: Evidence suggests that moderate efficacy managing neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, cancer-related multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. Patient-reported outcomes further indicate widespread perceptions safer opioid-sparing However, quality existing evidence is limited by small sample sizes methodological inconsistencies. Regulatory barriers, including classification cannabis Schedule I substance United States, continue hinder robust research clinical integration. Moreover, associated cannabinoids, psychiatric effects, addiction potential, drug interactions, necessitate cautious application. Conclusions: Cannabinoids represent promising, albeit complex, particularly given limitations traditional therapies opioids. significant deficiencies remain research. While smaller trials systematic reviews therapeutic low due sizes, short study durations, Large-scale, randomized controlled long-term follow-up are urgently needed confirm across diverse patient populations etiologies.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabis Use and Perinatal Health Research

JAMA, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 330(10), С. 913 - 913

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2023

This Viewpoint examines the significant gap in knowledge regarding effects of cannabis use on perinatal health outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Chronic prenatal delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure adversely impacts placental function and development in a rhesus macaque model

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2022

Cannabis use in pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, which are likely mediated by the placenta. However, underlying mechanisms and specific vasoactive effects of cannabis on placenta unknown. Our objective was to determine impact chronic prenatal delta-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, main psychoactive component cannabis) exposure placental function development a rhesus macaque model using advanced imaging. Animals were divided into two groups, control (CON, n = 5) THC-exposed 5). animals received THC edible daily pre-conception throughout pregnancy. underwent serial ultrasound MRI at gestational days 85 (G85), G110, G135 G155 (full term ~ G168). cesarean delivery collection for histologic RNA-Seq analysis. pregnancies had significantly decreased amniotic fluid volume (p < 0.001), perfusion 0.05), fetal oxygen availability all indicators insufficiency. Placental histological analysis demonstrated evidence ischemic injury microinfarctions present only. Bulk RNA-seq that alters transcriptome pathway suggests dysregulated vasculature angiogenesis pathways. The longer-term consequences these findings unknown, but they suggest during may deleteriously offspring development.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabis and Pregnancy: A Review

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(7), С. 411 - 428

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2023

Importance Prenatal cannabis use is rising and a major public health issue. Cannabis in pregnancy during lactation has been associated with increased maternal offspring morbidity mortality. Objective This review aims to summarize the existing literature current recommendations for or lactation. Evidence Acquisition A PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar search using following terms was performed gather relevant data: “cannabis,” “cannabinoid,” “delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol,” “THC,” “cannabidiol,” “fetal outcomes,” “perinatal “pregnancy,” “lactation.” Results Available studies on were reviewed support an association risk of preterm birth, neonatal intensive care unit admission, low birth weight, small-for-gestational-age infants. Conclusion Relevance There critical need research effects necessary first step before furthering patient education, developing interventions, targeting antenatal surveillance ameliorate adverse impacts fetal health. Target Audience Obstetricians gynecologists, family physicians, pediatricians Learning Objectives After participating this activity, learner should be better able describe options treatment disorder; explain common forms cannabinoids available use; discuss screening pregnancy.

Язык: Английский

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Influence of substance use on male reproductive health and offspring outcomes

Nature Reviews Urology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(9), С. 534 - 564

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Cannabinoids and the placenta: Receptors, signaling and outcomes

Placenta, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 135, С. 51 - 61

Опубликована: Март 10, 2023

Cannabis use during pregnancy is increasing. The improvement of pregnancy-related symptoms including morning sickness and management mood stress are among the most reported reasons for its use. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) cannabidiol (CBD) abundant cannabinoids found within cannabis flower. concentration these components has drastically increased in past 20 years. Additionally, many edibles contain only one cannabinoid marketed to achieve a specific goal, meaning there an increasing number pregnancies that exposed isolated cannabinoids. Both Δ9-THC CBD cross placenta can impact fetus directly, but receptors through which act also expressed throughout placenta, suggesting effects in-utero exposure may include indirect from placenta. In-utero research focuses on short long-term fetal health development; however, studies little no analysis. Prenatal linked small gestational age growth-restricted babies. Compromised placental development associated with growth restriction few (clinical animal models) included analysis, identify changes vasculature function cannabinoid-exposed pregnancies. In vitro further support cell different populations comprise this article, we aim summarize how phytocannabinoids function. Specifically, their actions at described, receptor localization human murine discussed. Findings analysis signaling modulate critical developmental processing proliferation, angiogenesis migration described. Considering current research, prenatal significantly development, and, as such, identifying windows vulnerability each will be elucidate etiology outcome studies.

Язык: Английский

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An epigenetic synopsis of parental substance use

Epigenomics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(7), С. 453 - 473

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

The rate of substance use is rising, especially among reproductive-age individuals. Emerging evidence suggests that paternal pre-conception and maternal prenatal may alter offspring epigenetic regulation (changes to gene expression without modifying DNA) outcomes later in life, including neurodevelopment mental health. However, relatively little known due the complexities limitations existing studies, making causal interpretations challenging. This review examines contributions influence parental on gametes potential transmissibility offspring's epigenome as possible areas target public health warnings healthcare provider counseling individuals or couples periods ultimately mitigate short- long-term morbidity mortality.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabidiol exposure during embryonic period caused serious malformation in embryos and inhibited the development of reproductive system in adult zebrafish

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 950, С. 175315 - 175315

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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