Age- and weight group-specific weight gain patterns in children and adolescents during the 15 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Obesity, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 46(1), С. 144 - 152

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2021

Abstract Background/Objectives There is a concern that measures aiming to limit further spread of COVID-19, e.g., school closures and social distancing, cause an aggravation the childhood obesity epidemic. Therefore, we compared BMI trends during 15 years before COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects/Methods To assess change in weight dynamics first months 3-month BMI-SDS (ΔBMI-SDS) proportions children showing high positive (HPC) or negative (HNC) between 2005 2019 respective changes from (pre-pandemic) 2020 (after onset anti-pandemic measures) more than 150,000 (9689 pandemic period). The period 3 corresponds approximately lockdown Germany. Results During pandemic, found substantial gain across all age groups, reflected by increase ( β = 0.05, p < 0.001), proportion HPC (OR 1.4, decrease HNC 0.7, 0.001). Besides, same since on low but stable level with yearly ΔBMI-SDS 0.001 odds increased OR high_pos 1.01 decreased high_neg 0.99 These rather small effects accumulated 0.02, 1.14, 0.85 over whole 2005–2019. Alarmingly, both long-term short-term were most pronounced obese subgroup. Conclusions are different change, indicating trend patterns, especially within group obesity. likely be escalated COVID-19-related measures. Thus, they may lead significant

Язык: Английский

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Acceleration in BMI gain following COVID‐19 restrictions. A longitudinal study with 7‐ to 10‐year‐old primary school children

Pediatric Obesity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(6)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2022

Summary Background The ramifications of COVID‐19 restrictions might accelerate the already rising proportion children with overweight or obesity. Objectives To assess association between and changes in body mass index (BMI) Methods Cohort study baseline measurements September 2019 (prior to restrictions) follow‐up June 2020, March 2021 at 12 primary schools Austria. height weight 738 aged 7 10 years were measured age‐ sex‐specific national international standardized values calculated. Changes over time analysed by analysis variance. Results Mean BMI IOTF standard deviation scores (SDS) increased 0.24 (95% CI, 0.21–0.28) 2021. obesity from 20.7% 26.2% during this period ( p < 0.001) using reference values—EQUI AUT —comparable results observed. Simultaneously, SDS 0.06 0.05–0.08) a larger increase girls (+0.11; than boys (+0.03; = 0.19). Conclusions associated accelerated increases mean calls for further investigations.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of theCOVID‐19 pandemic on elementary schoolers' physical activity, sleep, screen time and diet: A quasi‐experimental interrupted time series study

Pediatric Obesity, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2021

Summary Background COVID‐19 school closures pose a threat to children's wellbeing, but no COVID‐19‐related studies have assessed behaviours over multiple years . Objective To examine obesogenic during spring and summer of the pandemic compared previous data collected from same children calendar period in 2 prior. Methods Physical activity sleep were via Fitbit Charge‐2 231 (7–12 years) 6 weeks 3 years. Parents reported their child's screen time dietary intake survey on 2–3 random days/week. Results Children's worsened at greater rate following onset pre‐pandemic trends. During spring, sedentary behaviour increased (+79 min; 95% CI = 60.6, 97.1) MVPA decreased (−10 min, −18.2, −1.1) change springs (2018–2019). Sleep timing shifted later (+124 112.9, 135.5). Screen (+97 79.0, 115.4) (healthy: +0.3 foods, 0.2, 0.5; unhealthy: +1.2 1.0, 1.5). Similar patterns observed summer. Conclusions Compared measures, PA, behaviour, sleep, time, diet adversely altered pandemic. This may ultimately exacerbate childhood obesity.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity and weight change during the COVID‐19 pandemic in children and adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Obesity Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(5)

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Summary Many obesity risk factors have increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic, including physical inactivity, poor diet, stress, and poverty. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate impact as well associated lockdowns or restrictions, on weight change in children adults. We searched five databases from January 2020 November 2021. included only longitudinal studies with measures before pandemic that evaluated weight, body mass index (BMI) (or BMI z ‐scores for children), waist circumference, prevalence obesity. Random effects meta‐analyses were conducted obtain pooled estimates mean difference outcomes. Subgroups age groups diabetes at baseline. bias assessed using a modified version Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale, certainty evidence Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A total 74 (3,213,776 participants): 31 children, 41 adults, 2 In 1.65 kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40, 2.90; 9 studies) 0.13 CI 0.10, 0.17; 20 ‐scores, by 2% 1%, 3%; 12 studies). 0.93 0.54, 1.33; 27 0.38 kg/m 0.21, 0.55; 25 BMI, 1% 0%, 11 circumference 1.03 cm −0.08, 2.15; 4 There considerable heterogeneity observed all outcomes both GRADE very low During first year small but potentially clinically significant increases gain, adults observed. Increases greater targeted prevention interventions may be warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Childhood Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Current Atherosclerosis Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(7), С. 405 - 415

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time among children and their parents in the UK before and after COVID-19 lockdowns: a natural experiment

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2022

Abstract Background Restrictions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic reduced physical activity provision for both children and their parents. Recent studies have reported decreases in levels during lockdown restrictions, but these were largely reliant on self-report methods, with data collected via unrepresentative surveys. The post-pandemic impacts children’s remain unknown. A key question is how active become once restrictions are lifted. Methods Active-6 a repeated cross-sectional natural experiment. Accelerometer from 1296 aged 10–11 parents 50 schools Greater Bristol area, UK March 2017-May 2018 (pre-COVID-19 comparator group), compared 393 23 of same schools, May-December 2021. Mean minutes accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) derived weekdays weekend pre- post-lockdown linear multilevel models. Results After adjusting seasonality, accelerometer wear time child/parent demographics, mean weekday MVPA 7.7 min (95% CI: 3.5 11.9) 6.9 0.9 12.9) lower 2021 than 2018, respectively, while sedentary was higher by 25.4 15.8 35.0) 14.0 1.5 26.5). There no evidence that differences varied child gender or household education. significant difference parents’ time, either weekends. Conclusions Children’s 7–8 min/day lifted before all groups, Previous research has shown there an undesirable age-related decline activity. 8-min here would be broadly comparable previously been expected occur over three-year period. Parents’ similar pre-pandemic levels. Our results suggest despite easing not returned urgent need understand why changes occurred long they maintained.

Язык: Английский

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Changes in children’s physical fitness, BMI and health-related quality of life after the first 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in England: A longitudinal study

Journal of Sports Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 40(10), С. 1088 - 1096

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

We aimed to assess one-year changes in physical fitness, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and body mass index (BMI), encompassing the 2020 COVID-19 UK lockdowns. Data were collected (October 2019, November 2020) from 178 8-10-year-olds Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, 85% England's most deprived quintile. Twenty-metre shuttle run test performance (20mSRT), handgrip strength (HGS), standing broad jump (SBJ), sit-and-reach, height, mass, HRQoL (Kidscreen-27 questionnaire) sports club participation measured. BMI z-scores overweight/obesity calculated (≥85th centile). Paired t-tests linear regression assessed change, adjusting for baseline BMI. Significant (p<0.001) observed: increases mean (+1.5kg·m-2), (33% 47%), SBJ (+6.8cm) HGS (+1.5kg); decreases 20mSRT (-3 shuttles), sit-and-reach (-1.8cm). More children at follow-up categorized "very low" (35% v 51%). Increased z-score was associated with decreased "Physical Wellbeing" HRQoL. Follow-up better (p=0.032), "Autonomy & Parents" (p=0.011), "Social Support Peers" (p=0.038) Children's changed adversely over one year; national lockdowns potentially made negative contributions. Physical activity programmes should be part children's mental recovery pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic is Associated with a Substantial Rise in Frequency and Severity of Presentation of Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes

The Journal of Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 251, С. 51 - 59.e2

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Food Insecurity and Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review

PEDIATRICS, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 150(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Addressing food insecurity while promoting healthy body weights among children is a major public health challenge. Our objective to examine longitudinal associations between and obesity in US aged 1 19 years. METHODS Sources for this research include PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus databases (January 2000 February 2022). We included English language studies that examined as predictor of or increased weight gain. excluded outside the United States those only considered unadjusted relationship security obesity. Characteristics extracted study design, demographics, methods assessment, anthropometric outcomes. RESULTS Literature searches identified 2272 articles; 13 met our inclusion criteria. Five investigated directly, whereas 12 its with mass index z-score. Three assessed multiple Overall, evidence was mixed. There possible greater gain early childhood, girls, experiencing at time points. Heterogeneity limited comparison across studies. CONCLUSIONS Evidence stronger specific subgroups than overall. Deeper understanding nuances critically needed effectively intervene against childhood

Язык: Английский

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Changes in BMI During the COVID-19 Pandemic

PEDIATRICS, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 150(3)

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Experts hypothesized increased weight gain in children associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our objective was to evaluate whether rate of change child body mass index (BMI) during COVID-19 pandemic compared prepandemic years. The study population 1996 ages 2 19 years at least 1 BMI measure before and drawn from 38 pediatric cohorts across United States participating Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes-wide cohort study. We modeled using linear mixed models, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, maternal education, income, baseline category, type measure. Data collection analysis were approved by local institutional review board each institution or central Outcomes board. previous (0.24 higher annual years, 95% confidence interval 0.02 0.45). Children obese range healthy risk excess pandemic, whereas higher-income households decreased gain. One effect is an increase 3 among our national cohort. This US may worsen a critical threat public health equity.

Язык: Английский

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