Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
139(1), С. 57 - 69
Опубликована: Март 31, 2023
Abstract
Animal
weapons
are
diverse
and
often
exaggerated
structures
associated
with
sexual
selection
male–male
combat.
Despite
their
diversity,
our
knowledge
of
these
comes
primarily
from
studies
that
focus
on
the
size
neglect
other
components,
such
as
shape
or
performance.
Furthermore,
can
exhibit
species-level
plasticity
based
nutrition
ecological
variables,
but
few
have
documented
seasonal
variation
in
weapon
plasticity.
Here,
we
investigate
how
size,
performance
differ
across
adult
male
reproductive
non-reproductive
Allegheny
crayfish,
Faxonius
obscurus.
Given
F.
obscurus
cambarid
crayfishes
cyclical
moulting
between
states,
they
provide
an
ideal
system
which
to
questions.
We
found
claws
all
three
components
investigated;
males
were
longer,
stronger
different
compared
males.
Wielding
longer
is
likely
confer
greater
competitive
success
during
mating
season,
demonstrates
unexplored
pattern
discuss
results
considering
seasonality
phenotypes
propose
several
avenues
future
research
using
crayfish
a
model
system.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
44
Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2020
Abstract
Music
comprises
a
diverse
category
of
cognitive
phenomena
that
likely
represent
both
the
effects
psychological
adaptations
are
specific
to
music
(e.g.,
rhythmic
entrainment)
and
for
non-musical
functions
auditory
scene
analysis).
How
did
evolve?
Here,
we
show
prevailing
views
on
evolution
–
is
byproduct
other
evolved
faculties,
social
bonding,
or
signal
mate
quality
incomplete
wrong.
We
argue
instead
as
credible
in
at
least
two
contexts:
coalitional
interactions
infant
care.
Specifically,
propose
(1)
production
reception
coordinated,
entrained
displays
co-evolved
system
credibly
signaling
coalition
strength,
size,
coordination
ability;
(2)
infant-directed
song
parental
attention
secondarily
altricial
infants.
These
proposals,
supported
by
interdisciplinary
evidence,
suggest
basic
features
music,
such
melody
rhythm,
result
from
proper
domain
human
music.
The
provide
foundation
cultural
its
actual
domain,
yielding
diversity
musical
forms
behaviors
found
worldwide.
Behavioral Ecology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
32(5), С. 781 - 794
Опубликована: Май 11, 2021
Sexual
selection
is
a
key
component
of
evolutionary
biology.
However,
from
the
very
formulation
sexual
by
Darwin,
nature
and
extent
have
been
controversial.
Recently,
such
controversy
has
led
back
to
fundamental
question
just
what
is.
This
included
how
we
incorporate
female-female
reproductive
competition
into
or
natural
selection.
In
this
review,
do
four
things.
First,
examine
want
definition
do.
Second,
define
selection:
How
did
music
evolve?
We
show
that
prevailing
views
on
the
evolution
of
—
is
a
byproduct
other
evolved
faculties,
for
social
bonding,
and
to
signal
mate
quality
are
incomplete
or
wrong.
argue
instead
as
credible
in
at
least
two
contexts:
coalitional
interactions
infant
care.
suggest
basic
features
music,
including
melody
rhythm,
result
from
adaptations
proper
domain
human
providing
foundation
cultural
shapes
into
its
actual
domain.
Abstract
Large‐scale
patterns
of
correlated
growth
in
development
are
partially
driven
by
competition
for
metabolic
and
informational
resources.
It
is
argued
that
between
organs
limited
resources
an
important
mesoscale
morphogenetic
mechanism
produces
fitness‐enhancing
growth.
At
the
genetic
level,
individual
characters
appears
independent,
or
“modular,”
because
expression
transcription
often
highly
localized,
mutations
have
trait‐specific
effects,
gene
complexes
can
be
co‐opted
as
a
unit
to
produce
novel
traits.
However,
body
parts
known
interact
over
course
ontogeny,
these
reciprocal
exchanges
determinant
developmental
outcomes.
Genetic
mechanisms
underlie
cell
tissue
behaviors
allow
communicate
with
one
another,
but
they
also
create
evolutionarily
adaptive
competitive
dynamics
physiological
biophysical
processes.
Advances
understanding
closely
related
coordinative
interactions
across
scales
will
complement
existing
research
programs
emphasize
role
cellular
morphogenesis.
Study
large‐scale
order
produced
promises
facilitate
advances
basic
evolutionary
biology,
well
applied
fields
such
bioengineering
regenerative
medicine
aim
regulate
patterning
Functional Ecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38(5), С. 1265 - 1283
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024
Abstract
Understanding
variation
in
trait
allometry
and
the
drivers
of
sexually
selected
traits
is
a
major
theme
evolutionary
biology.
The
static
allometries
are
often
positive
due
to
disproportional
investment
by
large
individuals
into
size.
Comparative
studies
weapon
rare,
typically
focus
on
along
single
dimension
(e.g.
length),
despite
weapons
diverging
dramatically
shape.
Furthermore,
predominantly
groups
where
have
evolved
as
novel
structures
horns),
most
arising
from
modifications
existing
structures.
We
test
hypothesis
that
sexual
selection
drives
using
phylogenetic
comparative
approach
with
59
brentine
weevil
species
showing
remarkable
exaggeration
size
dimorphism
(SSD).
Contrasting
two
dimensions
head
(a
trait)
elytron
length
nonsexual
trait),
was
common
across
both
measures
male
size,
but
not
females,
there
covariance
between
SSD
species.
Positive
for
less
common,
did
show
SSD,
possibly
function
wings
compensatory
bearing
weapons.
Our
findings
support
evolution
within
among
species,
modification
be
used
does
limit
potential
allometry.
Read
free
Plain
Language
Summary
this
article
Journal
blog.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
286(1905), С. 20191063 - 20191063
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2019
Sexually
selected
weapons
often
function
as
honest
signals
of
fighting
ability.
If
poor-quality
individuals
produce
high-quality
weapons,
then
receivers
should
focus
on
other,
more
reliable
signals.
Cost
is
one
way
to
maintain
signal
integrity.
The
costs
tend
increase
with
relative
weapon
size,
and
thereby
restrict
large
who
can
them.
Weapon
cost,
however,
appears
be
unpredictably
variable
both
within
across
taxa,
the
mechanisms
underlying
this
variation
remain
unclear.
We
suggest
in
cost
may
result
from
composition—specifically,
differences
amount
muscle
mass
directly
associated
weapon.
test
idea
by
measuring
metabolic
sexually
seven
arthropod
species
relating
these
measures
mass.
show
that
relatively
muscles
have
disproportionately
high
resting
rates
provide
evidence
trend
driven
Overall,
our
results
partially
explained
morphology
integrity
maintained
increased
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
118(8)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2021
One
hundred
fifty
years
ago
Darwin
published
The
Descent
of
Man,
and
Selection
in
Relation
to
Sex
,
which
he
presented
his
theory
sexual
selection
with
its
emphasis
on
beauty.
However,
it
was
not
until
50
y
that
there
a
renewed
interest
Darwin’s
general,
specifically
the
potency
mate
choice.
suggested
many
cases
female
preferences
for
elaborately
ornamented
males
derived
from
female’s
taste
beautiful,
notion
females
were
attracted
beauty
own
sake.
Initially,
choice
behavioral
ecologists
focusing
fitness
advantages
accrued
through
Subsequent
studies
focused
sensory
ecology
signal
design,
often
showing
how
end
organs
influenced
types
traits
found
attractive.
Eventually,
investigations
neural
circuits,
neurogenetics,
neurochemistry
uncovered
more
complete
scaffolding
underlying
attraction.
More
recently,
research
inspired
by
human
psychophysics,
economics,
neuroaesthetics
have
provided
some
higher-order
mechanisms.
In
this
paper,
I
review
progress
our
understanding
conjecture
“a
beautiful”
considering
these
diverse
fields
conspired
provide
unparalleled
insight
into
chooser’s
choices.
Abstract
Sexual
selection
drives
the
evolution
of
some
most
exaggerated
traits
in
nature.
Studies
on
sexual
often
focus
size
these
relative
to
body
size,
but
few
energetic
maintenance
costs
tissues
that
compose
them,
and
ways
which
vary
with
size.
The
relationships
between
energy
use
have
consequences
may
allow
large
individuals
invest
disproportionally
more
sexually
selected
structures,
or
lead
reduced
per‐gram
cost
enlarged
structures.
Although
can
incur
costs,
are
not
universally
high;
they
dependent
mass
metabolic
activity
associated
them.
Energetic
play
a
pervasive
yet
little‐explored
role
shaping
scaling
across
diverse
taxa.
Also
see
video
abstract
here:
https://youtu.be/JyuoQIeA33Q