The plastic homes of hermit crabs in the Anthropocene

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 913, С. 168959 - 168959

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2024

Plastic is the most pervasive element of marine waste, with harmful impact on wildlife. By using iEcology (i.e., internet Ecology, use online data sources as a new tool in ecological research), we report emergence novel behaviour hermit crabs related to plastic or other anthropogenic materials protective shells. We analysed images posted social media identify 386 individuals artificial shells — mainly caps (85 %). that 10 world's 16 terrestrial shells, observed all Earth's tropical coasts. Four non-exclusive mechanisms may drive individual choice for shells: sexual signaling, lightness odour cues, and camouflage polluted environment. Further research needed determine this crab evolutionary trajectories.

Язык: Английский

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Speciation by sexual selection: 20 years of progress

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 36(12), С. 1153 - 1163

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Re-imagining Reproduction: The Queer Possibilities of Plants

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 63(4), С. 946 - 959

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023

Synopsis How did plant sexuality come to so hauntingly resemble human sexual formations? biology theorize with binary formulations of male/female, sex/gender, sperm/egg, active males and passive females—all which western categories sex, gender, sexuality? Tracing the extant language sex in reproductive biology, we examine histories science explore how emerged historically from formations colonial racial politics evolutionary was premised on imaginations racialized heterosexual romance. Drawing key examples, paper aims (un)read anatomy bodies imagine new possibilities for sexualities, their relationalities. In short, are not two different objects inquiry but intimately related—it is inter-relation that focus this essay. One impulses humanities bring essay a careful consideration terms terminologies related each other culturally. anthropomorphizing plants, if were modeled formations, might re-imagination open vistas biological sciences? While our definitions will always be informed by contemporary society culture, interrogating theories can help us reimagine allows more accurate understandings evolution reproduction.

Язык: Английский

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Substantial but Misunderstood Human Sexual Dimorphism Results Mainly From Sexual Selection on Males and Natural Selection on Females

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Май 17, 2022

Human sexual dimorphism has been widely misunderstood. A large literature underestimated the effect of differences in body composition and role male contest competition for mates. It is often assumed that sexually dimorphic traits reflect a history selection, but natural selection frequently builds different phenotypes males females. The relatively small sex difference stature (∼7%) its decrease during human evolution have presumed to indicate decreased However, females likely increased relative order successfully deliver large-brained neonates through bipedally-adapted pelvis. Despite mass (∼16%), there are marked composition. Across multiple samples from groups with nutrition, typically 36% more lean mass, 65% muscle 72% arm than women, yielding parallel strength. These strength comparable those seen primates where arising aggressive mating competition, produced high levels dimorphism. Body fat percentage shows reverse pattern, having ∼1.6 times depositing regions males. We argue these adipose arise mainly on women accumulate neurodevelopmental resources.

Язык: Английский

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Genomic evidence that a sexually selected trait captures genome-wide variation and facilitates the purging of genetic load

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(9), С. 1330 - 1342

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Chemical communication and its role in sexual selection across Animalia

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2023

Abstract Sexual selection has been studied as a major evolutionary driver of animal diversity for roughly 50 years. Much evidence indicates that competition mates favors elaborate signaling traits. However, this comes primarily from few taxa, leaving sexual salient force across Animalia largely untested. Here, we reviewed the on communication all phyla, classes, and orders with emphasis chemoreception, only sense shared lifeforms. An exhaustive literature review documented chemosensory traits in 10 34 phyla indications an additional 13 phyla. Potential targets include structures processes involved production, delivery, detection chemical signals. Our suggests plays widespread role evolution highlights need research better reflects diversity.

Язык: Английский

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Inferred Attractiveness: A generalized mechanism for sexual selection that can maintain variation in traits and preferences over time

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(10), С. e3002269 - e3002269

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2023

Sexual selection by mate choice is a powerful force that can lead to evolutionary change, and models of why females choose particular mates are central understanding its effects. Predominant theories assume preferences determined solely genetic inheritance, an assumption still lacking widespread support. Moreover, often vary among individuals or populations, fail correspond with conspicuous male traits, change context, patterns not predicted dominant models. Here, we propose new model explains this complexity one general hypothesized mechanism, “Inferred Attractiveness.” In model, acquire mating observing others’ choices use context-dependent information infer which traits attractive. They learn prefer the feature chosen most distinguishes him from other available males. Over generations, process produces repeated population-level switches in preference maintains trait variation. When viability strong, Inferred Attractiveness population-wide adaptive superficially resembling “good genes.” However, it results variation nonadaptive under predictable circumstances. By casting female brain as selective agent, captures novel dynamic aspects sexual reconciles inconsistencies between theory observed behavior.

Язык: Английский

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Stronger net selection on males across animals

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Sexual selection is considered the major driver for evolution of sex differences. However, eco-evolutionary dynamics sexual and their role a population's adaptive potential to respond environmental change have only recently been explored. Theory predicts that promotes adaptation at low demographic cost if aligned with natural net stronger on males compared females. We used comparative approach show indeed in provide preliminary support this bias associated selection. Given both sexes share vast majority genes, our findings corroborate notion genome often confronted more stressful environment when expressed males. Collectively, study supports one long-standing key assumptions required bolster adaptation, may therefore enable some species track efficiently.

Язык: Английский

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Bateman gradients from first principles

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2022

Abstract In 1948, Angus Bateman presented experiments and concepts that remain influential debated in sexual selection. The gradient relates reproductive success to mate number, this as the cause of intra-masculine A deeper causal level was subsequently asserted: ultimate sex differences gradients is difference gamete numbers, an argument remains controversial without mathematical backup. Here I develop models showing how asymmetry numbers alone can generate steeper males. This conclusion when further internal fertilisation added model efficient. Strong limitation push towards equality under external reverse them fertilisation. Thus, study provides a formalisation Bateman’s brief verbal claim, while demonstrating link between number not inevitable nor trivial.

Язык: Английский

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The coevolutionary dynamics of cryptic female choice

Evolution Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(4), С. 191 - 202

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

In contrast to sexual selection on traits that affect interactions between the sexes before mating, little theoretical research has focused coevolution of postmating via cryptic female choice (when females bias fertilization toward specific males). We used simulation models ask (a) whether and, if so, how nondirectional (female-by-male in success) causes deviations from focus exclusively male-mediated processes, and (b) risk sperm competition, strength choice, tradeoffs number interact influence coevolutionary dynamics traits. found incorporating can result males investing much less their ejaculates than predicted by with competition only. also resulted evolution genetic correlations traits, even when was weak, low. This suggests may be important systems low multiple mating. These increased as increased. When high, extreme codivergence preference occurred trait traded off number. male lagged behind traits; this lag decreased increasing competition. Overall, our results suggest deserves more attention theoretically driving ways just beginning explored.

Язык: Английский

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