Biomolecules,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1), С. 81 - 81
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2022
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
a
treatment
modality
that
uses
light
to
target
tumors
and
minimize
damage
normal
tissues.
It
offers
advantages
including
high
spatiotemporal
selectivity,
low
side
effects,
maximal
preservation
of
tissue
functions.
However,
the
PDT
efficiency
severely
impeded
by
hypoxic
feature
tumors.
Moreover,
hypoxia
may
promote
tumor
metastasis
resistance
multiple
therapies.
Therefore,
addressing
improve
efficacy
has
been
focus
antitumor
treatment,
research
on
this
theme
continuously
emerging.
In
review,
we
summarize
state-of-the-art
advances
in
strategies
for
overcoming
PDTs,
categorizing
them
into
oxygen-independent
phototherapy,
oxygen-economizing
PDT,
oxygen-supplementing
PDT.
highlight
possessing
intriguing
such
as
exceedingly
novelty,
analyze
strengths
shortcomings
different
methods,
envision
opportunities
challenges
future
research.
Abstract
Tumor
immunotherapy
is
only
effective
in
a
fraction
of
patients
due
to
low
response
rate
and
severe
side
effects,
these
challenges
clinics
can
be
addressed
through
induction
immunogenic
cell
death
(ICD).
ICD
elicited
from
many
antitumor
therapies
release
danger
associated
molecular
patterns
(DAMPs)
tumor‐associated
antigens
facilitate
maturation
dendritic
cells
(DCs)
infiltration
cytotoxic
T
lymphocytes
(CTLs).
The
process
reverse
the
tumor
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
improve
sensitivity
immunotherapy.
Nanostructure‐based
drug
delivery
systems
(NDDSs)
are
explored
induce
by
incorporating
therapeutic
molecules
for
chemotherapy,
photosensitizers
(PSs)
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT),
photothermal
conversion
agents
(PTT),
radiosensitizers
radiotherapy
(RT).
These
NDDSs
loaded
at
right
dose
place
time,
resulting
greater
effectiveness
lower
toxicity.
Immunotherapeutic
also
combined
with
achieve
synergic
effect
multi‐modality
approach.
In
this
review,
harnessed
load
multiple
PDT,
PTT,
RT
combination
promote
reduce
effects
cancer
treatment.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2022
Poor
targeting
of
therapeutics
leading
to
severe
adverse
effects
on
normal
tissues
is
considered
one
the
obstacles
in
cancer
therapy.
To
help
overcome
this,
nanoscale
drug
delivery
systems
have
provided
an
alternative
avenue
for
improving
therapeutic
potential
various
agents
and
bioactive
molecules
through
enhanced
permeability
retention
(EPR)
effect.
Nanosystems
with
cancer-targeted
ligands
can
achieve
effective
tumor
cells
utilizing
cell
surface-specific
receptors,
vasculature
antigens
high
accuracy
affinity.
Additionally,
stimuli-responsive
nanoplatforms
also
been
as
a
promising
strategy
against
tumors,
these
maintain
their
stealth
feature
under
conditions,
but
upon
homing
cancerous
lesions
or
microenvironment,
are
responsive
release
cargoes.
In
this
review,
we
comprehensively
summarize
field
active
number
studies
context
emerging
nanoplatform
development,
discuss
how
knowledge
contribute
further
improvements
clinical
practice.
The
antitumor
efficiency
and
clinical
translation
of
traditional
nanomedicines
is
mainly
restricted
by
low
drug
loading,
complex
preparation
technology,
potential
toxicity
caused
the
overused
carrier
materials.
In
recent
decades,
small-molecule
prodrug
nanoassemblies
(SMP-NAs),
which
are
formed
self-assembly
prodrugs
themselves,
have
been
widely
investigated
with
distinct
advantages
ultrahigh
drug-loading
negligible
excipients-trigged
adverse
reaction.
Benefited
from
simple
process,
SMP-NAs
used
for
chemotherapy,
phototherapy,
immunotherapy,
tumor
diagnosis.
addition,
combination
therapy
based
on
accurate
co-delivery
behavior
can
effectively
address
challenges
heterogeneity
multidrug
resistance.
Recent
trends
in
outlined,
corresponding
mechanisms
discussed
detail.
Besides,
smart
stimuli-responsive
summarized,
special
emphasis
structure-function
relationships.
Finally,
outlooks
cancer
highlighted.
NPG Asia Materials,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2021
Abstract
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
an
emerging
technology
for
tumor
treatment
in
which
photosensitizer
(PS)-mediated
light
irradiation
reduces
oxygen,
producing
high
levels
of
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
that
can
cause
vascular
injury
and
effectively
kill
cells.
However,
the
naturally
hypoxic
microenvironment
main
obstacle
hinders
photodynamic
response
vivo
prevents
its
extensive
application
to
treatment.
Moreover,
PDT-mediated
consumption
further
increases
hypoxia,
potentially
causing
a
variety
adverse
consequences,
such
as
angiogenesis,
invasion,
metastasis.
To
overcome
these
limitations
caused
by
multiple
strategies
have
been
investigated,
including
use
carriers
supply
materials,
regulation
microenvironments,
multimodal
PDT.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
latest
progress
development
relieve
hypoxia
improved
PDT
efficacy
better
therapeutic
effects.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
61(28)
Опубликована: Май 9, 2022
Abstract
The
clinical
application
of
photodynamic
therapy
is
hindered
by
the
high
glutathione
concentration,
poor
cancer‐targeting
properties,
drug
loading
into
delivery
systems,
and
an
inefficient
activation
cell
death
machinery
in
cancer
cells.
To
overcome
these
limitations,
herein,
formulation
a
promising
Ir
III
complex
biodegradable
coordination
polymer
(
IrS
NPs
)
presented.
nanoparticles
were
found
to
remain
stable
under
physiological
conditions
but
deplete
disintegrate
monomeric
metal
complexes
tumor
microenvironment,
causing
enhanced
therapeutic
effect.
selectively
accumulate
mitochondria
where
trigger
hybrid
apoptosis
ferroptosis
pathways
through
photoinduced
production
singlet
oxygen
superoxide
anion
radicals.
This
study
presents
first
example
that
can
efficiently
cause
upon
irradiation,
providing
innovative
approach
for
therapy.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(2), С. 1023 - 1023
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2024
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
a
two-stage
treatment
that
implies
the
use
of
light
energy,
oxygen,
and
light-activated
compounds
(photosensitizers)
to
elicit
cancerous
precancerous
cell
death
after
activation
(phototoxicity).
The
biophysical,
bioengineering
aspects
its
combinations
with
other
strategies
are
highlighted
in
this
review,
both
conceptually
as
they
currently
applied
clinically.
We
further
explore
recent
advancements
PDT
nanotechnology,
including
quantum
dots
innovative
photosensitizers
or
energy
donors
well
combination
radiotherapy
immunotherapy
future
promising
cancer
treatments.
Finally,
we
emphasize
potential
significance
organoids
physiologically
relevant
models
for
PDT.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(24)
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT),
with
its
advantages
of
high
targeting,
minimally
invasive,
and
low
toxicity
side
effects,
has
been
widely
used
in
the
clinical
various
tumors,
especially
superficial
tumors.
However,
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
presents
hypoxia
due
to
oxygen
(O2
)
supply
caused
by
abnormal
vascularization
neoplastic
tissues
O2
consumption
induced
rapid
proliferation
cells.
The
efficacy
oxygen-consumping
PDT
can
be
hampered
a
hypoxic
TME.
To
address
this
problem,
researchers
have
developing
advanced
nanoplatforms
strategies
enhance
therapeutic
effect
treatment.
This
review
summarizes
recent
against
TME,
thus
enhancing
efficacy,
including
increasing
content
TME
through
delivering
tumors
situ
generations
;
decreasing
during
design
type
I
photosensitizers.
Moreover,
synergistically
combined
other
methods
such
as
chemotherapy,
photothermal
therapy,
immunotherapy,
gas
is
accounted
for
addressing
challenging
problems
mono
environments,
resistance,
proliferation,
metastasis.
Finally,
perspectives
opportunities
challenges
future
research
translations
are
provided.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
34(27)
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2022
Yes-associated
protein
(YAP)
has
been
identified
as
a
key
driver
for
epidermal
growth
factor
receptor-tyrosine
kinase
inhibitor
(EGFR-TKI)
resistance.
Inhibition
of
YAP
expression
could
be
potential
therapeutic
option
treating
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC).
Herein,
nanococktail
strategy
is
proposed
by
employing
amphiphilic
and
block-dendritic-polymer-based
nanoparticles
(NPs)
targeted
co-delivery
EGFR-TKI
gefitinib
(Gef)
YAP-siRNA
to
achieve
drug/gene/photodynamic
therapy.
The
resulting
NPs
are
effectively
internalized
into
Gef-resistant
NSCLC
cells,
successfully
escape
from
late
endosomes/lysosomes,
responsively
release
Gef
in
an
intracellular
reductive
environment.
They
preferentially
accumulate
at
the
tumor
site
after
intravenous
injection
both
cell-line-derived
xenograft
(CDX)
patient-derived
(PDX)
models
NSCLC,
potent
antitumor
efficacy
without
distinct
toxicity
laser
irradiation.
Mechanism
studies
reveal
that
cocktail
therapy
block
EGFR
signaling
pathway
with
Gef,
inhibit
activation
bypass
via
YAP-siRNA,
induce
cell
apoptosis
through
photodynamic
(PDT).
Furthermore,
this
combination
nanomedicine
can
sensitize
PDT
impair
glycolysis
downregulating
HIF-1α.
These
results
suggest
stimuli-responsive
dendritic-polymer-based
may
provide
promising
approach
treatment
resistant
NSCLC.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
18(1), С. 100775 - 100775
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
is
applied
as
a
robust
therapeutic
option
for
tumor,
which
exhibits
some
advantages
of
unique
selectivity
and
irreversible
damage
to
tumor
cells.
Among
which,
photosensitizer
(PS),
appropriate
laser
irradiation
oxygen
(O2)
are
three
essential
components
PDT,
but
the
hypoxic
microenvironment
(TME)
restricts
O2
supply
in
tissues.
Even
worse,
metastasis
drug
resistance
frequently
happen
under
condition,
further
deteriorate
antitumor
effect
PDT.
To
enhance
PDT
efficiency,
critical
attention
has
been
received
by
relieving
hypoxia,
innovative
strategies
on
this
topic
continue
emerge.
Traditionally,
supplement
strategy
considered
direct
effective
relieve
TME,
whereas
it
confronted
with
great
challenges
continuous
supply.
Recently,
O2-independent
provides
brand
new
can
avoid
influence
TME.
In
addition,
synergize
other
strategies,
such
chemotherapy,
immunotherapy,
photothermal
(PTT)
starvation
therapy,
remedy
inadequate
hypoxia
conditions.
paper,
we
summarized
latest
progresses
development
improve
efficacy
against
were
classified
into
O2-dependent
synergistic
therapy.
Furthermore,
deficiencies
various
also
discussed
envisage
prospects
future
study.
