Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023
Aldehyde
dehydrogenase
2
(ALDH2)
is
an
enzyme
found
in
the
mitochondrial
matrix
that
plays
a
central
role
alcohol
and
aldehyde
metabolism.
A
common
ALDH2
polymorphism
East
Asians
descent
(called
ALDH2*2
or
E504K
missense
variant,
SNP
ID:
rs671),
present
approximately
8%
of
world’s
population,
has
been
associated
with
variety
diseases.
Recent
meta-analyses
support
relationship
between
this
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD).
And
AD-like
pathology
observed
–/–
null
mice
overexpressing
transgenic
indicate
deficiency
important
pathogenesis
AD.
Recently,
worldwide
increase
consumption
drawn
attention
to
heavy
Of
potential
clinical
significance,
chronic
administration
ALDH2*2/*2
knock-in
exacerbates
symptoms.
Therefore,
likely
play
onset
progression
Here,
we
review
data
on
polymorphism,
alcohol,
AD,
summarize
what
currently
known
about
inactivating
mutation,
ALDH2*2,
The
family
of
aldehyde
dehydrogenases
(ALDHs)
contains
19
isozymes
and
is
involved
in
the
oxidation
endogenous
exogenous
aldehydes
to
carboxylic
acids,
which
contributes
cellular
tissue
homeostasis.
ALDHs
play
essential
parts
detoxification,
biosynthesis,
antioxidants,
are
important
value
for
cell
proliferation,
differentiation,
survival
normal
body
tissues.
However,
frequently
dysregulated
associated
with
various
diseases
like
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
especially
solid
tumors.
Notably,
involvement
tumor
progression
responsible
maintenance
stem-cell-like
phenotype,
triggering
rapid
aggressive
clinical
progressions.
have
captured
increasing
attention
as
biomarkers
disease
diagnosis
prognosis.
Nevertheless,
these
require
further
longitudinal
studies
large
populations
broad
application.
This
review
summarizes
our
current
knowledge
regarding
potential
tumors
several
non-tumor
diseases,
well
recent
advances
understanding
functions
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
development.
Finally,
we
discuss
therapeutic
therapy
an
emphasis
on
their
implications.
Abstract
Cancer
stem-like
cells
(CSCs),
a
subpopulation
of
cancer
cells,
possess
remarkable
capability
in
proliferation,
self-renewal,
and
differentiation.
Their
presence
is
recognized
as
crucial
factor
contributing
to
tumor
progression
metastasis.
CSCs
have
garnered
significant
attention
therapeutic
focus
an
etiologic
root
treatment-resistant
cells.
Increasing
evidence
indicated
that
specific
biomarkers,
aberrant
activated
pathways,
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
(TME),
immunoevasion
are
considered
the
culprits
occurrence
maintenance
properties
including
multi-directional
Targeting
CSC
stemness-associated
TME,
inducing
differentiation
improve
eradication
and,
therefore,
treatment.
This
review
comprehensively
summarized
these
targeted
therapies,
along
with
their
current
status
clinical
trials.
By
exploring
implementing
strategies
aimed
at
eradicating
CSCs,
researchers
aim
treatment
outcomes
overcome
challenges
posed
by
CSC-mediated
therapy
resistance.
MetALD
is
a
recently
coined
term
that
refers
to
systemic
entity
describe
patients
with
metabolic
dysfunction-associated
steatotic
liver
disease
(MASLD)
and
simultaneous
moderate
alcohol
consumption.
The
deleterious
association
of
risk
factors
synergistically
increases
the
development
steatohepatitis,
fibrosis,
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC).
Despite
its
increasing
incidence,
pathophysiological
mechanisms
triggering
damage
in
remain
unclear.
This
review
aims
summarize
prevalence,
pathophysiology
MetALD,
taking
into
account
latest
clinical
translational
aspects.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022
Tumor
mutational
burden
(TMB)
has
been
reported
to
determine
the
response
immunotherapy,
thus
affecting
patient's
prognosis
in
many
cancers.
However,
it
is
unclear
whether
TMB
or
TMB-related
signature
could
be
used
as
prognostic
indicators
for
ovarian
cancer
(OC),
its
potential
association
with
immune
infiltration
remains
poorly
understood.
Therefore,
this
study
aimed
develop
a
novel
risk
model
(TMBrisk)
predict
of
OC
patients
on
basis
exploring
genes,
and
explore
between
TMB/TMBrisk
infiltration.
The
landscape,
scores,
correlations
clinical
characteristics
were
investigated
Cancer
Genome
Atlas
(TCGA)-OV
cohort.
Differentially
expressed
gene
(DEG)
analyses
weighted
co-expression
network
analysis
(WGCNA)
performed
derive
genes.
TMBrisk
was
constructed
by
Cox
regression
further
validated
Gene
Expression
Omnibus
(GEO)
datasets.
mRNA
protein
expression
levels
biological
functions
hub
genes
verified
through
Profiling
Interactive
Analysis
(GEPIA),
GSCA
Lite,
Human
Protein
(HPA)
database,
RT-qPCR.
TMBrisk-related
phenotypes
analyzed
function
enrichment
tumor
signature.
Potential
therapeutic
regimens
inferred
utilizing
Genomics
Drug
Sensitivity
(GDSC)
database
connectivity
map
(CMap).
According
our
results,
higher
associated
better
survival
CD8+
T
cell,
regulatory
NK
cell
developed
based
CBWD1,
ST7L,
RFX5-AS1,
C3orf38,
LRFN1,
LEMD1,
HMGB1.
High
identified
poor
factor
TCGA
GEO
datasets;
high-TMBrisk
group
comprised
more
higher-grade
(G2
G3)
advanced
stage
(stage
III/IV)
tumors.
Meanwhile,
an
immunosuppressive
phenotype,
less
majority
immunocytes
several
human
leukocyte
antigen
(HLA)
family.
Moreover,
nomogram
containing
showed
strong
predictive
ability
demonstrated
time-dependent
ROC
analysis.
Overall,
prognosis,
evaluate
infiltration,
discover
new
OC,
which
very
promising
promotion.
Translational Oncology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
41, С. 101879 - 101879
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024
Fluctuations
in
the
number
of
regulatory
molecules
and
differences
timings
molecular
events
can
generate
variation
gene
expression
among
genetically
identical
cells
same
environmental
condition.
This
variation,
termed
as
noise,
create
metabolic
state
cellular
functions,
leading
to
phenotypic
heterogeneity.
Expression
noise
heterogeneity
have
been
recognized
important
contributors
intra-tumor
heterogeneity,
associated
with
cancer
growth,
progression,
therapy
resistance.
However,
how
changes
progression
actual
patients
has
remained
poorly
explored.
Such
an
analysis,
through
identification
genes
increasing
provide
valuable
insights
into
generation
could
implications
for
understanding
immune-suppression,
drug
tolerance
In
this
work,
we
performed
a
genome-wide
using
single-cell
RNA-seq
data
lung
adenocarcinoma
at
different
stages
cancer.
We
identified
37
epithelial
that
showed
trend
many
which
were
also
EMT
found
several
these
was
positively
mitochondrial
genes,
suggesting
role
mitochondria
addition,
uncovered
substantial
sample-specific
profiles
personalized
prognosis
treatment.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
179, С. 117292 - 117292
Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024
A
type
of
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)，Colitis-associated
(CAC)，
is
closely
associated
with
chronic
inflammation
and
gut
microbiota
dysbiosis.
Berberine
(BBR)
has
a
long
history
in
the
treatment
intestinal
diseases,
which
been
reported
to
inhibit
colitis
CRC.
However,
mechanism
its
action
still
unclear.
Here,
this
study
aimed
explore
potential
protective
effects
BBR
on
azoxymethane
(AOM)/dextransulfate
sodium
(DSS)-induced
tumor
mice,
elucidate
molecular
mechanisms
by
microbiota,
genes
metabolic
alterations.
The
results
showed
that
inhibited
improved
function
mucosal
barrier
ameliorate
AOM/DSS-induced
colitis.
And
significantly
reduced
development
ki-67
expression
tissue
along
promoted
apoptosis.
Through
analysis
based
16
S
rRNA
gene,
we
found
imbalance
were
characterized
an
increase
beneficial
bacteria,
for
instance
Akkermanisa,
Lactobacillus,
Bacteroides
uniformis
acidifaciens.
In
addition,
transcriptome
regulated
colonic
epithelial
signaling
pathway
CAC
mice
particularly
tryptophan
metabolism
Wnt
pathway.
Notably,
resulted
enrichment
amino
acids
microbiota-derived
SCFA
metabolites.
summary,
our
research
findings
suggest
microbiota-amino
acid
metabolism-Wnt
axis
plays
critical
role
maintaining
homeostasis,
may
provide
new
insights
into
inhibitory
colon
cancer.
