Archives of Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
97(10), С. 2499 - 2574
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2023
Abstract
A
physiological
level
of
oxygen/nitrogen
free
radicals
and
non-radical
reactive
species
(collectively
known
as
ROS/RNS)
is
termed
oxidative
eustress
or
“good
stress”
characterized
by
low
to
mild
levels
oxidants
involved
in
the
regulation
various
biochemical
transformations
such
carboxylation,
hydroxylation,
peroxidation,
modulation
signal
transduction
pathways
Nuclear
factor-κB
(NF-κB),
Mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK)
cascade,
phosphoinositide-3-kinase,
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2–related
2
(Nrf2)
other
processes.
Increased
ROS/RNS,
generated
from
both
endogenous
(mitochondria,
NADPH
oxidases)
and/or
exogenous
sources
(radiation,
certain
drugs,
foods,
cigarette
smoking,
pollution)
result
a
harmful
condition
stress
(“bad
stress”).
Although
it
widely
accepted,
that
many
chronic
diseases
are
multifactorial
origin,
they
share
common
denominator.
Here
we
review
importance
mechanisms
through
which
contributes
pathological
states
an
organism.
Attention
focused
on
chemistry
ROS
RNS
(e.g.
superoxide
radical,
hydrogen
peroxide,
hydroxyl
radicals,
peroxyl
nitric
oxide,
peroxynitrite),
their
role
damage
DNA,
proteins,
membrane
lipids.
Quantitative
qualitative
assessment
biomarkers
also
discussed.
Oxidative
pathology
cancer,
cardiovascular
diseases,
diabetes,
neurological
disorders
(Alzheimer’s
Parkinson’s
Down
syndrome),
psychiatric
(depression,
schizophrenia,
bipolar
disorder),
renal
disease,
lung
disease
(chronic
pulmonary
obstruction,
cancer),
aging.
The
concerted
action
antioxidants
ameliorate
effect
achieved
antioxidant
enzymes
(Superoxide
dismutases-SODs,
catalase,
glutathione
peroxidase-GPx),
small
molecular
weight
(vitamins
C
E,
flavonoids,
carotenoids,
melatonin,
ergothioneine,
others).
Perhaps
one
most
effective
vitamin
first
line
defense
against
peroxidation
promising
approach
appears
be
use
flavonoids),
showing
weak
prooxidant
properties
may
boost
cellular
systems
thus
act
preventive
anticancer
agents.
Redox
metal-based
enzyme
mimetic
compounds
potential
pharmaceutical
interventions
sirtuins
therapeutic
targets
for
age-related
anti-aging
strategies
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
129, С. 110452 - 110452
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2020
Osteoarthritis
(OA)
is
the
most
prevalent
joint
degenerative
disease
leading
to
irreversible
structural
and
functional
changes
in
a
major
cause
of
disability
reduced
life
expectancy
ageing
population.
Despite
high
prevalence
OA,
there
no
modifying
drug
available
for
management
OA.
Oxidative
stress,
result
an
imbalance
between
production
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
their
clearance
by
antioxidant
defense
system,
OA
cartilage
chronic
inflammation.
Inflammatory
mediators,
such
as
interleukin-1β
(IL-1β),
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
(TNF-α)
interleukin-6
(IL-6)
are
highly
upregulated
joints
induce
ROS
expression
matrix
degrading
proteases
extracellular
degradation
dysfunction.
inflammation
interdependent,
each
being
target
other
represent
ideal
target/s
treatment
Plant
polyphenols
possess
potent
anti-inflammatory
properties
can
inhibit
chondrocytes,
explants
animal
models
The
aim
this
review
discuss
chondroprotective
effects
modulation
different
molecular
pathways
associated
with
pathogenesis
limitations
future
prospects
treatment.
Molecular Neurobiology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
57(12), С. 5026 - 5043
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2020
Understanding
how
gut
flora
influences
gut-brain
communications
has
been
the
subject
of
significant
research
over
past
decade.
The
broadening
term
"microbiota-gut-brain
axis"
from
"gut-brain
underscores
a
bidirectional
communication
system
between
and
brain.
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
involves
metabolic,
endocrine,
neural,
immune
pathways
which
are
crucial
for
maintenance
brain
homeostasis.
Alterations
in
composition
microbiota
associated
with
multiple
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
Although
causal
relationship
dysbiosis
neural
dysfunction
remains
elusive,
emerging
evidence
indicates
that
may
promote
amyloid-beta
aggregation,
neuroinflammation,
oxidative
stress,
insulin
resistance
pathogenesis
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Illustration
mechanisms
underlying
regulation
by
pave
way
developing
novel
therapeutic
strategies
AD.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
provide
an
overview
their
dysregulation
Novel
insights
into
modification
as
preventive
or
approach
AD
highlighted.
Neural Regeneration Research,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
17(3), С. 543 - 543
Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2021
Alzheimer's
disease
is
a
rather
complex
neurodegenerative
disease,
which
attributed
to
combination
of
multiple
factors.
Among
the
many
pathological
pathways,
synaptic
dysfunctions,
such
as
synapses
loss
and
deficits
in
plasticity,
were
thought
be
strongly
associated
with
cognitive
decline.
The
deficiencies
various
sorts
neurotransmissions
are
responsible
for
multifarious
symptoms
example,
cholinergic
glutamatergic
decline,
excitatory
inhibitory
neurotransmission
dyshomeostasis
plasticity
epileptiform
symptoms,
monoamine
neuropsychiatric
symptoms.
Amyloid
cascade
hypothesis
most
popular
theory
explain
pathogenesis
attracts
considerable
attention.
Multiple
lines
genetic
evidence
support
predominant
role
amyloid
beta
pathology.
Neurofibrillary
tangles
assembled
by
microtubule-associated
protein
tau
other
important
histopathological
characteristics
brains.
Cascade
toxicity
was
proved
lead
neuron
damage,
neuroinflammation
oxidative
stress
brain.
Ageing
main
risk
factor
diseases,
inflammation,
stress,
reduced
metabolism,
endocrine
insufficiencies
organ
failures.
These
aging
related
factors
also
some
contributing
disease.
In
drug
development,
good
therapeutic
strategies
have
been
investigated
clinical
evaluations.
However,
mechanism
interplay
among
different
call
come
out
all-powerful
therapies
curing
functions.
This
review
seeks
summarize
representative
treatments
targeting
pathways
currently
under
Multi-target
an
emerging
strategy
treatment
will
highlighted.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
27(8), С. 2498 - 2498
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2022
Polyphenols
are
the
known
group
of
phytochemicals
that
essentially
consists
phenolic
rings.
These
plant
product
present
in
varied
fruits
and
vegetables.
secondary
metabolites
perform
a
protective
function
plants
from
environmental
biological
stress.
When
consumed
as
human
diet
these
also
to
prevent
various
age-associated
diseases.
possess
antioxidant
properties
protect
against
oxidative
The
literature
survey
was
carried
out
using
databases
such
PubMed,
Science
direct
Springer.
research
articles
last
10-12
years
were
selected
for
this
review
based
on
its
relevancy
with
topic.
mainly
focused
quercetin
health
benefits.
highlights
main
functions
flavonoid,
quercetin.
Quercetin
is
among
widely
occurring
polyphenol,
found
abundantly
nature.
It
commonly
different
products.
Onion
have
highest
quantity
This
compound
possessed
considered
aging.
be
both
free
conjugated
forms.
has
anti-oxidative,
anti-inflammatory,
anti-proliferative,
anti-carcinogenic,
anti-diabetic,
anti-viral
properties.
molecule
lipophilic
can
easily
cross
BBB
(Blood-Brain
Barrier)
hence
protects
neurodegenerative
Various
vivo
vitro
studies
demonstrated
role
here
detailed
curative
agent
neurodegeneration,
diabetes,
cancer,
inflammation
been
out.
Studies
proved
plays
crucial
prevention
age-related
disorders.
potent
which
currently
being
used
pharmaceuticals.
Properties
further
explored
other
Nanoformulations
liposomal
formulations
made
treat
age
associated
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(15), С. 8713 - 8713
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2022
Functional
status
is
considered
the
main
determinant
of
healthy
aging.
Impairment
in
skeletal
muscle
and
cardiovascular
system,
two
interrelated
systems,
results
compromised
functional
Increased
oxidative
stress
inflammation
older
subjects
constitute
background
for
system
alterations.
Aged
mass
strength
impairment
related
to
anabolic
resistance,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
increased
as
well
a
reduced
antioxidant
response
myokine
profile.
Arterial
stiffness
endothelial
function
stand
out
alterations
aging,
where
systemic
vascular
play
key
role.
Physical
activity
exercise
training
arise
modifiable
determinants
outcomes
persons.
Exercise
enhances
response,
decreases
age-related
pro-inflammatory
signals,
promotes
activation
biogenesis
pathways
muscle.
Additionally,
improves
arterial
by
reducing
inflammatory
damage
signaling
tissue
together
with
an
increase
enzymes
nitric
oxide
availability,
globally
promoting
performance
This
review
focuses
on
role
aged
musculoskeletal
systems
how
physical
activity/exercise
influences
elderly.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
61(13), С. 2175 - 2193
Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2020
Naturally
occurring
compounds
polyphenols
are
secondary
metabolites
of
plants,
comprised
several
categories,
namely,
flavonoids,
phenolic
acids,
lignans
and
stilbenes.
The
biological
aging
process
is
driven
by
a
series
interrelated
mechanisms,
including
oxidative
stress,
inflammation
status,
autophagy
function,
through
diverse
signaling
pathways.
Moreover,
the
crucial
role
gut
microbiota
in
regulating
health
status
was
widely
demonstrated.
In
recent
years,
potential
anti-aging
benefits
have
been
gaining
increasing
scientific
interest
due
to
their
capability
modulate
damage,
inflammation,
autophagy,
microbiota.
This
review
highlights
influence
preventing
disorders
augmenting
lifespan
based
on
microbiota,
encourages
research
novel
polyphenol-based
strategies
clinical
trials
develop
nutrition-oriented
holistic
therapy.
