JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 81(3), С. 292 - 292
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024
There is growing interest in the role of gut microbiome composition schizophrenia. However, lifestyle factors are often neglected, and few studies have investigated treatment-resistant
Язык: Английский
Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 172, С. 105840 - 105840
Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2021
Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in bidirectional communication between and brain suggesting microbes may shape neural development, modulate neurotransmission affect behavior, thereby contribute to pathogenesis and/or progression of many neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, neurological conditions. This review summarizes recent data on microbiota-gut-brain axis pathophysiology neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, migraine, epilepsy. Also, involvement co-existing with conditions is highlighted. We discuss from both vivo preclinical experiments clinical reports including: (1) studies germ-free animals, (2) exploring composition animal models diseases or humans, (3) evaluating effects probiotic, prebiotic antibiotic treatment as well (4) fecal transplantation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
520
JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 78(12), С. 1343 - 1343
Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2021
Evidence of gut microbiota perturbations has accumulated for multiple psychiatric disorders, with signatures proposed as potential biomarkers. However, no attempts have been made to evaluate the specificity these across range conditions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
498
Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(4), С. 1920 - 1935
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2022
Abstract The emerging understanding of gut microbiota as ‘metabolic machinery’ influencing many aspects physiology has gained substantial attention in the field psychiatry. This is largely due to overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms associated with both potential functionality and biological thought be underpinning mental disorders. In this systematic review, we synthesised current literature investigating differences composition people major psychiatric disorders, depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar (BD) schizophrenia (SZ), compared ‘healthy’ controls. We also explored across disorders an attempt elucidate commonalities microbial signatures these Following PRISMA guidelines, databases were searched from inception through December 2021. identified 44 studies (including a total 2510 cases 2407 controls) that met inclusion criteria, which 24 investigated MDD, seven BD, 15 SZ. Our syntheses provide no strong evidence for difference number or distribution (α-diversity) bacteria those However, relatively consistent reporting overall community (β-diversity) without specific bacterial taxa commonly including lower levels genera produce short-chain fatty acids (e.g. butyrate), higher lactic acid-producing bacteria, glutamate GABA metabolism. observed heterogeneity regards methodologies reporting. Further prospective experimental research using new tools robust guidelines hold promise improving our role brain health development interventions based on modification microbiota.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
328
Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2020
The intestinal tract is the largest digestive organ in human body. It colonized by, and consistently exposed to, a myriad of microorganisms, including bifidobacteria, lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, enterococcus, clostridium perfringens, pseudomonas. To protect body from potential pathogens, has evolved regional immune characteristics. These characteristics are defined by its unique structure, function, microenvironment, which differ drastically those common central peripheral organs. microenvironment created flora products significantly affects function region. In turn, specific diseases regulate influence composition flora. A constant interplay occurs between system. Further, can be reconstructed probiotic use or microbiota transplantation, functioning to recalibrate homeostasis, while also contributing treatment amelioration diseases. this review, we summarize relationship occurrence development as an in-turn effect on immunity. We discuss improved it relates non-specific proliferation, differentiation secretion cells, within region following remodeling means ameliorate treat Finally, suggest strategies for utilization
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
284
Advances in Therapy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 37(4), С. 1328 - 1346
Опубликована: Март 4, 2020
The human gut microbiome partakes in a bidirectional communication pathway with the central nervous system (CNS), named microbiota–gut–brain axis. axis is believed to modulate various processes through vagus nerve as well production of microbial metabolites and immune mediators which trigger changes neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, behavior. Little understood about utilization manipulation treat disease. Though studies exploring role disease have shown promise, mechanisms remain unclear evidence-based treatments for most illnesses not yet been developed. animal reviewed here offer an excellent array basic science research that continues clarify by may affect mental health. More evidence needed, particularly it relates translating this work subjects. presented paper largely demonstrate encouraging results treatment depression. Limitations include small sample sizes heterogeneous methodology. exact mechanism microbiota causes or alters neuropsychiatric states fully understood. In review, we focus on recent investigating relationship between dysbiosis pathogenesis This article based previously conducted does contain any participants animals performed authors.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
170
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 125, С. 698 - 761
Опубликована: Март 5, 2021
There is increasing knowledge regarding the role of microbiome in modulating brain and behaviour. Indeed, actions microbial metabolites are key for appropriate gut-brain communication humans. Among these metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan, bile acid metabolites/pathways show strong preclinical evidence involvement various aspects function With identification neuroactive modules, new predictive tools can be applied to existing datasets. We identified 278 studies relating human microbiota-gut-brain axis which included sequencing data. This spanned across psychiatric neurological disorders with a small number also focused on normal behavioural development. consistent bioinformatics pipeline, thirty-five datasets were reanalysed from publicly available raw files remainder summarised collated. studies, we uncovered disease-related alterations metabolic pathways Alzheimer's Disease, schizophrenia, anxiety depression. Amongst that could not reanalysed, many technical limitations hindered discovery specific biomarkers microbes or conserved studies. Future warranted confirm our findings. propose guidelines future analysis increase reproducibility consistency within field.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
109
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022
The gut microbiome has a tremendous influence on human physiology, including the nervous system. During fetal development, initial colonization of coincides with development system in timely, coordinated manner. Emerging studies suggest an active involvement and its metabolic by-products regulating early brain development. However, any disruption during this developmental process can negatively impact functionality, leading to range neurodevelopment neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD). In review, we summarize recent evidence as how association major neurodevelopmental psychiatric such autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia. Further, discuss alterations also play role inducing drug resistance affected individuals. We propose model that establishes direct link dysbiosis exacerbated inflammatory state, functional deficits associated NPD. Based existing research, framework whereby diet intervention boost mental wellness subjects call for further research better understanding mechanisms govern gut-brain axis may lead novel approaches study pathophysiology treatment disorders.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
108
Food Research International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 160, С. 111653 - 111653
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
102
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(4), С. 222 - 247
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024
Crosstalk between gut and brain has long been appreciated in health disease, the microbiota is a key player communication these two distant organs. Yet, mechanisms through which influences development function of gut–brain axis remain largely unknown. Barriers present are specialized cellular interfaces that maintain strict homeostasis different compartments across this axis. These barriers include epithelial barrier, blood–brain barrier blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier. ideally positioned to receive communicate microbial signals constituting gateway for gut–microbiota–brain communication. In Review, we focus on how modulation by can constitute an important channel Moreover, malfunction upon alterations composition could form basis various conditions, including often comorbid neurological gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, should unravelling molecular move from simplistic framing as 'leaky gut'. A mechanistic understanding barriers, especially during critical windows development, be aetiology The modulator This Review provides overview examines role disease.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
99
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16
Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2022
Neurological diseases are difficult to diagnose in time, and there is currently a lack of effective predictive methods. Previous studies have indicated that variety neurological cause changes the gut microbiota. Alpha diversity major indicator describe At present, relationship between alpha microbiota remains unclear.We performed systematic literature search Pubmed Bioproject databases up January 2021. Six indices were used measure diversity, including community richness (observed species, Chao1 ACE), (Shannon, Simpson), phylogenetic (PD). Random-effects meta-analyses on standardized mean difference (SMD) carried out indices. Subgroup analyses explore sources interstudy heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was articles by matching age, sex, body mass index (BMI) disease group with control group. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis variability sequencing region, platform, geographical instrument, diseases. The area under curve (AUC) value receiver operating characteristic (ROC) calculated assess prediction effectiveness microbial indices.We conducted meta-analysis 24 published 16S rRNA gene amplified from database (patients, n = 1,469; controls, 1,289). pooled estimate demonstrated no significant patients controls (P < 0.05). decreased only Parkinson's patients, while it increased anorexia nervosa compared controls. After adjusting for BMI, none associated In terms Illumina HiSeq 2000 V3-V5 results showed significantly comparison 2500. ROC curves suggested could be as biomarker predict AD (Simpson, AUC= 0.769, P 0.0001), MS 0.737, 0.001), schizophrenia (Chao1, AUC 0.739, 0.002).Our review summarized promising predictor AD, schizophrenia, MS, but not all
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
95