Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024
Background
The
understanding
of
the
immunological
mechanisms
underlying
bipolar
disorder
(BD)
has
enhanced
in
recent
years
due
to
extensive
use
high-density
genetic
markers
for
genotyping
and
advancements
genome-wide
association
studies
(GWAS).
However,
on
relationship
between
immune
cells
risk
BD
remain
limited,
necessitating
further
investigation.
Methods
Bidirectional
two-sample
Mendelian
Randomization
(MR)
analysis
was
employed
investigate
causal
cell
morphologies
disorder.
Immune
traits
were
collected
from
a
research
cohort
Sardinia,
whereas
GWAS
summary
statistics
obtained
Psychiatric
Genomics
Consortium.
Sensitivity
analyses
conducted,
combination
MR-Egger
MR-Presso
used
assess
horizontal
pleiotropy.
Cochran’s
Q
test
evaluate
heterogeneity,
results
adjusted
false
discovery
rate
(FDR).
Results
study
identified
six
phenotypes
significantly
associated
with
incidence
(
P
<
0.01).
These
include
IgD-
CD27-
%lymphocyte,
CD33br
HLA
DR+
CD14-
AC,
CD8
CD28+
CD45RA+
CD8br,
CD14
CD14+
CD16+
monocyte,
HVEM
CD45RA-
CD4+.
After
adjusting
FDR
0.2,
two
remained
statistically
significant:
IgD-CD27-%
lymphocyte
(OR=1.099,
95%
CI:
1.051-1.149,
=
3.51E-05,
FDR=0.026)
CD14-AC
(OR=0.981,
0.971-0.991,
2.17E-04,
FDR=0.079).
In
reverse
MR
analysis,
impacted
four
monocytes
0.01),
including
CD64
CX3CR1
CD16-,
CD16-
monocyte.
after
applying
correction
(FDR
0.2),
no
significant
observed.
Conclusions
This
investigation
reveals
associations
phenotypes,
disorder,
genetics,
providing
novel
perspectives
prospective
therapeutic
targets
Translational Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2024
Abstract
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
and
bipolar
(BD)
are
highly
disabling
illnesses
defined
by
different
psychopathological,
neuroimaging,
cognitive
profiles.
In
the
last
decades,
immune
dysregulation
has
received
increasing
attention
as
a
central
factor
in
pathophysiology
of
these
disorders.
Several
aspects
dysregulations
have
been
investigated,
including,
low-grade
inflammation
cytokines,
chemokines,
cell
populations,
gene
expression,
markers
both
peripheral
activation.
Understanding
distinct
profiles
characterizing
two
disorders
is
indeed
crucial
importance
for
differential
diagnosis
implementation
personalized
treatment
strategies.
this
paper,
we
reviewed
current
literature
on
response
system
focusing
our
studies
using
inflammatory
to
discriminate
between
MDD
BD.
High
heterogeneity
characterized
available
literature,
reflecting
Common
alterations
include
high
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
such
IL-6
TNF-α.
On
contrary,
greater
involvement
chemokines
associated
with
innate
immunity
reported
BD
together
dynamic
changes
T
cells
differentiation
defects
during
childhood
which
normalize
adulthood,
whereas
classic
mediators
responses
IL-4
IL-10
present
signs
immune-senescence.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
4(1)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Abstract
Anhedonia
is
a
transdiagnostic
domain
that
leads
to
poor
disorder
outcome
and
low
remission
rates.
This
narrative
review
describes
broad
range
of
interventions
targeting
anhedonia,
including
pharmacological,
neuromodulatory,
behavioral,
lifestyle‐based
approaches.
Drugs
such
as
vortioxetine,
agomelatine,
bupropion,
ketamine,
brexpiprazole
show
promising
anti‐anhedonic
effects,
while
traditional
antidepressants,
serotonin‐norepinephrine
reuptake
inhibitors
(SNRIs)
and,
even
more
so,
selective
serotonin
(SSRIs),
are
less
effective.
Neuromodulation
techniques,
repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation,
direct
current
transcutaneous
auricular
vagus
nerve
proved
effective
at
improving
particularly
when
used
in
targeted
areas.
Psychotherapeutic
interventions,
behavioral
activation,
mindfulness‐based
strategies,
savoring
also
help
re‐engage
patients
with
pleasurable
activities
enhance
positive
affect.
Innovative
treatments,
aticaprant
psilocybin,
showed
results.
Substantial
evidence
suggests
anhedonia
better
psychosocial
functioning,
quality
life,
sustained
remission.
Although
most
data
come
from
short‐term
studies,
several
long‐term
analyses
suggest
maintaining
hedonic
improvements
feasible
beneficial.
The
reviewed
underscores
the
importance
routine
assessment
integration
symptom‐specific
strategies.
Tailoring
address
individual
patterns
reward
disruption
may
optimize
outcomes
for
anhedonia.
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
134, С. 111056 - 111056
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
The
various
pharmacological
interventions,
ranging
from
mood
stabilizers
and
antipsychotics
to
antidepressants,
reflect
the
diff/iculty
of
treating
depressive/manic
symptomatology
bipolar
disorder
(BD).
Among
a
broad
range
mechanisms
implicated,
immune
dysregulation
may
contribute
increased
inflammation
that
influences
course
BD.
Inflammatory,
neurotrophic
oxidative
stress
factors
be
identified
as
promising
peripheral
biomarkers
in
brain
functioning,
perhaps
serving
predictors
an
effective
response
treatment
for
present
systematic
review
aimed
examine
evidence
supporting
pharmacotherapeutic
value
inflammatory
PubMed,
PsychINFO,
Scopus
Web
Science
were
searched
inception
May
2024
by
two
independent
reviewers.
A
total
40
studies
with
3371
patients
diagnosis
intervention
BD
selected.
Inconsistencies
effects
treatments
on
connection
between
expected
anti-inflammatory
symptomatologic
improvement
identified.
Mood
(lithium),
(quetiapine),
antidepressants
(ketamine)
or
their
combination
described
increase
both
pro-inflammatory
(TNFα,
IL-6)
(IL-4,
IL-8)
factors.
Other
medications,
such
memantine
dextromethorphan,
autoimmune
(infliximab)
non-steroidal
(aspirin,
celecoxib)
drugs,
antidiabetics
(pioglitazone),
even
dietary
supplementation
(omega-3),
combination,
clearly
decrease
IL-6,
IL-1β,
C-reactive
protein)
and/or
factor
BDNF
patients.
Inflammation
requires
further
investigation
understand
underlying
immunologic
mechanism,
identify
response,
make
informed
decisions
about
use
development
more
interventions
Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
43, С. 100934 - 100934
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025
A
considerable
proportion
(21%)
of
patients
with
common
variable
immunodeficiency
(CVID)
suffers
from
depression.
These
subjects
are
characterized
by
reduced
naïve
T
cells
and
a
premature
cell
senescence
similar
to
that
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD).
It
is
known
essential
for
limbic
system
development/function.
Treatment
thymosin
α1
(Tα1)
capable
increase
the
thymus
output
cells.
To
treat
CVID
comorbid
episode
Tα1
thereby
improve
mood.
small
open-label,
proof
concept
trial.
Five
depressed
(Hamilton
Depression
Rating
Scale,
HDRS
>12)
could
be
treated
(8
weeks,
1.6
mg
daily
subcutaneously,
1st
week,
thereafter
twice
weekly).
At
start,
at
8
weeks
after
last
injection,
was
recorded
blood
samples
drawn
measuring
memory
cells,
Th17
Treg
hsCRP,
IL-6
IL-7.
Outcomes
were
compared
those
contrast
group
(42
MDD
patients,
same
severity
but
as
usual
(TAU)).
In
all
5
decreased
during
treatment
(with
average
52%,
TAU
scores
36%
in
patients).
All
showed
an
naïve/memory
CD4+
CD8+
ratios,
4
detectable
levels
reductions
recorded.
did
not
show
such
immune
improvements.
8-week
wash-out,
depression
recurred
2
most
severe
while
continued
others.
Immune
effects
sustained
wash-out.
This
preliminary
study
suggests
hormone
have
antidepressive
related
correcting
effects.
Data
urge
larger
placebo-controlled
trials.
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(2), С. 503 - 503
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Background:
Fibromyalgia,
depression,
and
autoimmune
diseases
represent
a
triad
of
interconnected
conditions
characterized
by
overlapping
biological
pathways,
including
chronic
inflammation,
immune
dysregulation,
neurochemical
imbalances.
Understanding
their
shared
mechanisms
offers
opportunities
for
innovative
therapeutic
approaches.
Objective:
This
systematic
review
explores
the
common
inflammatory-
immune-related
pathways
among
these
conditions,
emphasizing
implications
biomarker
development
novel
strategies.
Methods:
Following
PRISMA
guidelines,
comprehensive
literature
search
was
conducted
in
databases
PubMed,
Scopus,
Web
Science,
Cochrane
Library.
Studies
examining
relationship
between
fibromyalgia,
with
focus
on
responses,
inflammatory
biomarkers,
interventions
were
included.
The
quality
selected
studies
assessed
using
Risk
Bias
tool.
Results:
From
255
identified
studies,
12
met
inclusion
criteria.
Evidence
supports
role
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
(e.g.,
IL-6,
TNF-α)
dysregulation
serotonin,
dopamine)
as
key
factors
pathophysiology
conditions.
Pilot
highlight
potential
immune-modulating
therapies,
low-dose
IL-2
anti-inflammatory
agents
such
N-acetylcysteine
minocycline,
alleviating
both
physical
psychological
symptoms.
Emerging
cytokine
profiles
platelet
serotonin
activity,
show
promise
personalized
treatment
Conclusions:
linking
underscore
need
integrated
Although
pilot
provide
preliminary
insights,
validation
through
large-scale,
multicenter
trials
is
essential.
Future
research
should
standardizing
methodologies
leveraging
biomarker-driven
precision
medicine
to
improve
outcomes
patients
complex,
multifactorial
