Chronotype, circadian rhythm, and psychiatric disorders: Recent evidence and potential mechanisms

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2022

The circadian rhythm is crucial for physiological and behavioral functions. Chronotype, which represents individual preferences activity performance, associated with human health issues, particularly psychiatric disorders. This narrative review, focuses on the relationship between chronotype mental disorders, provides an insight into potential mechanism. Recent evidence indicates that (1) evening a risk factor depressive disorders substance use whereas morning protective factor. (2) Evening individuals bipolar disorder tend to have more severe symptoms comorbidities. (3) only related anxiety symptoms. (4) schizophrenia remains unclear, despite increasing their link. (5) significantly eating majority of studies focused binge Furthermore, underlying mechanisms or influence factors are described in detail, including clock genes, brain characteristics, neuroendocrinology, light/dark cycle, social factors, psychological sleep These findings provide latest chronotypes serve as valuable reference researchers.

Язык: Английский

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The effects of exposure to solar radiation on human health

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(5), С. 1011 - 1047

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

This assessment by the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) of Montreal Protocol under United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) evaluates effects ultraviolet (UV) radiation on human health within context and its Amendments. We assess work published since our last comprehensive in 2018. Over four years gains have been made knowledge links between sun exposure outcomes, mechanisms, estimates disease burden, including economic impacts. Of particular note, there is new information about way which to UV modulates immune system, causing both harms benefits for health. The burden skin cancer remains high, with many lives lost melanoma more people treated keratinocyte cancer, but it has estimated that will prevent 11 million cases 432 would otherwise occurred States born 1890 2100. While incidence continues rise, rates stabilised younger populations some countries. Mortality also plateaued, partly due use systemic therapies advanced disease. However, these are very expensive, contributing extremely high emphasising importance comparative cost-effectiveness prevention. Photodermatoses, inflammatory conditions induced radiation, can a marked detrimental impact quality life sufferers. More emerging their potential link commonly used drugs, particularly anti-hypertensives. eyes harmed over-exposure radiation. cataract pterygium continuing now evidence intraocular exposure. It 63 Despite clearly established harms, best recognised benefit production vitamin D, beneficial mediated factors other than D emerging. For increasingly convincing positive role diseases related function, autoimmune infection. With influence intensity global warming, has, have, direct indirect health, potentially changing balance risks spending time outdoors.

Язык: Английский

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The Brain–Skin Axis in Psoriasis—Psychological, Psychiatric, Hormonal, and Dermatological Aspects

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(2), С. 669 - 669

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with systemic manifestation, in which psychological factors play an important role. The etiology of psoriasis complex and multifactorial, including genetic background environmental such as emotional or physical stress. Psychological stress may also role exacerbation psoriasis, by dysregulation the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic-adrenal-medullary peripheral nervous system, immune system. Skin cells express various neuropeptides hormones response to stress, fully functional analog HPA axis. deterioration psoriatic lesions accompanied increased production mediators, could contribute imbalance neurotransmitters development symptoms depression anxiety. Therefore, deregulation crosstalk between endocrine, paracrine, autocrine signaling pathways contributes clinical manifestations requires multidisciplinary approaches.

Язык: Английский

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A two-stage multi-objective optimization method for envelope and energy generation systems of primary and secondary school teaching buildings in China

Building and Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 204, С. 108142 - 108142

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Investigation into the daylight performance of expanded-metal shading through parametric design and multi-objective optimisation in Japan

Journal of Building Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51, С. 104241 - 104241

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A review on the current usage of machine learning tools for daylighting design and control

Building and Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 223, С. 109507 - 109507

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Light as a Modulator of Non-Image-Forming Brain Functions—Positive and Negative Impacts of Increasing Light Availability

Clocks & Sleep, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(1), С. 116 - 140

Опубликована: Март 17, 2023

Light use is rising steeply, mainly because of the advent light-emitting diode (LED) devices. LEDs are frequently blue-enriched light sources and may have different impacts on non-image forming (NIF) system, which maximally sensitive to blue-wavelength light. Most importantly, timing LED device widespread, leading novel exposure patterns NIF system. The goal this narrative review discuss multiple aspects that we think should be accounted for when attempting predict how situation will affect impact brain functions. We first cover both image-forming pathways brain. then detail our current understanding human cognition, sleep, alertness, mood. Finally, questions concerning adoption lighting screens, offer new opportunities improve well-being, but also raise concerns about increasing exposure, detrimental health, particularly in evening.

Язык: Английский

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The Complex Effects of Light on Metabolism in Humans

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(6), С. 1391 - 1391

Опубликована: Март 14, 2023

Light is an essential part of many life forms. The natural light–dark cycle has been the dominant stimulus for circadian rhythms throughout human evolution. Artificial light restructured activity and provided opportunities to extend day without reliance on day–night cycles. increase in exposure at unwanted times or a reduced dynamic range between daytime nighttime introduced negative consequences health. closely linked sleep–wake regulation, eating patterns, body temperature, energy metabolism. Disruptions these areas due are metabolic abnormalities such as increased risk obesity diabetes. Research revealed that various properties influence This review will highlight complex role physiology, with specific emphasis regulation from perspective four main (intensity, duration, timing exposure, wavelength). We also discuss potential key hormone melatonin sleep physiology. explore relationship metabolism through physiology populations understand optimal use mitigate short long-term health consequences.

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy of biologically-directed daylight therapy on sleep and circadian rhythm in Parkinson's disease: a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, phase 2 clinical trial

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 69, С. 102474 - 102474

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2024

BackgroundNew non-pharmacological treatments for improving non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) are urgently needed. Previous light therapies modifying sleep behaviour lacked standardised protocols and were not personalised an individual patient chronotype. We aimed to assess the efficacy of a biologically-directed therapy PD that targets retinal inputs circadian system on sleep, as well other motor functions.MethodsIn this randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled trial at Queensland University Technology, Australia, participants with mild moderate computer randomised (1:1) receive one two had same photometric luminance visual appearance allow blinding investigators intervention. One these lights matched natural daylight (Day Mel), which is known stimulate melanopsin cells. The treatment arm study, specifically supplemented stimulation cells (Enhanced targeting deficits system. Both administered 30 min per day over 4-weeks patient's chronotype, while monitoring environmental exposure actigraphy. Co-primary endpoints change from baseline mean macrostructure (polysomnography, PSG) endocrine biomarker phase (dim melatonin secretion onset, DLMO) weeks 4 6. Participants data analysed using intention treat principle. All evaluated by applying mixed model analysis. registered Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12621000077864.FindingsBetween February 4, 2021 August 8, 2022, 144 consecutively screened, 60 enrolled randomly assigned There was no significant difference co-primary outcomes between groups overall or any timepoint during follow-up. (95% CI) PSG, N3% 24.15 (19.82–28.48) Day Mel (n = 23) 19.34 (15.20–23.47) Enhanced group 25) week (p 0.12); 21.13 (16.99–25.28) 26) 18.48 (14.34–22.62) 6, 0.37). DLMO (decimal time) 19.82 (19.20–20.44) 22) 19.44 (18.85–20.04) 24) 0.38); 19.90 (19.27–20.53) 19.04 (18.44–19.64) 6 0.05). However, both controlled Mel) enhanced interventions demonstrated improvement primary PSG macrostructure. restorative deep (PSG, N3) significantly improved [model-based CI): −3.87 (−6.91 −0.83), p 0.04]. phase-advance did reach statistical significance time-point. safety concerns severe adverse events related intervention.InterpretationBoth booster showed measures people PD. That there intervention may be due early stage. findings suggest indoor individuals' chronotype could effective PD, further studies evaluating now required utilising approach, including advanced PD.FundingThe Michael J Fox Foundation Research, Shake IT Up National Health Medical Research Council, Council.

Язык: Английский

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Proposal for revised criteria for daylight provision in the European daylight standard based on calculations for Swedish multifamily residential buildings

Lighting Research & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

The European Standard EN 17037 was first introduced in 2018 with the aim of encouraging building designers to ensure adequate daylight buildings. Experience has shown that standard’s criteria for provision are generally perceived be too challenging, and this turn hindered its implementation national legislations. This paper proposes a revised illuminance-based using specific case regularly occupied rooms multifamily Swedish residential buildings as an example. In total, 3562 representing typical design assessed. Two sets dwellings proposed; one based on fixed illuminance, another area fraction. Both have three levels ambition, which lowest would result approximately two-thirds investigated reaching compliance. is same compliance rate current legislation. implications proposed also discussed. While results given context, could generalized use other countries. intention proposal allow wider application standard within construction across Europe.

Язык: Английский

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