AMPK: The Energy Sensor at the Crossroads of Aging and Cancer
Seminars in Cancer Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
106-107, С. 15 - 27
Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
Antioxidants,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(1), С. 70 - 70
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Oxidative
stress
(OS)
refers
to
the
production
of
a
substantial
amount
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
leading
cellular
and
organ
damage.
This
imbalance
between
oxidant
antioxidant
activity
contributes
various
diseases,
including
cancer,
cardiovascular
disease,
diabetes,
neurodegenerative
conditions.
The
body’s
system,
mediated
by
signaling
pathways,
includes
AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO
pathway.
In
oxidative
conditions,
AMPK,
an
energy
sensor,
activates
SIRT1,
which
in
turn
stimulates
FOXO
transcription
factor.
cascade
enhances
mitochondrial
function,
reduces
damage,
mitigates
OS-induced
injury.
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
biological
roles,
regulatory
mechanisms,
functions
pathway
diseases
influenced
OS,
offering
new
insights
methods
for
understanding
OS
pathogenesis
its
therapeutic
approaches.
Язык: Английский
Combined effects of natural products and exercise on apoptosis pathways in obesity-related skeletal muscle dysfunction
APOPTOSIS,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025
Язык: Английский
The Anti-Aging Mechanism of Metformin: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Applications
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
30(4), С. 816 - 816
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025
Aging
represents
a
complex
biological
phenomenon
marked
by
the
progressive
deterioration
of
physiological
functions
over
time,
reduced
resilience,
and
increased
vulnerability
to
age-related
diseases,
ultimately
culminating
in
mortality.
Recent
research
has
uncovered
diverse
molecular
mechanisms
through
which
metformin
extends
its
benefits
beyond
glycemic
control,
presenting
it
as
promising
intervention
against
aging.
This
review
delves
into
anti-aging
properties
metformin,
highlighting
role
mitochondrial
energy
modulation,
activation
AMPK-mTOR
signaling
pathway,
stimulation
autophagy,
mitigation
inflammation
linked
cellular
Furthermore,
we
discuss
influence
on
epigenetic
modifications
that
underpin
genomic
stability
homeostasis.
Metformin's
potential
addressing
age-associated
disorders
including
metabolic,
cardiovascular,
neurodegenerative
diseases
is
also
explored.
The
Targeting
with
Metformin
(TAME)
trial
aims
provide
key
evidence
efficacy
delaying
aging
humans.
Despite
these
insights,
significant
challenges
persist
gaining
more
comprehensive
understanding
underlying
mechanisms,
determining
optimal
dosing
strategies,
evaluating
long-term
safety
non-diabetic
populations.
Addressing
crucial
fully
realizing
metformin's
an
therapeutic.
Язык: Английский
Malnutrition Risk in Older Adults: Evaluating the Diagnostic Relevance of Serum Biomarkers: SIRT-1, CCK-8, Melatonin, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(4), С. 726 - 726
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Addressing
the
risk
of
malnutrition
at
an
early
stage
is
crucial
to
preventing
its
development,
which
can
have
a
detrimental
impact
on
physical
and
mental
health
status.
This
study
investigates
potential
role
biochemical
biomarkers
such
as
sirtuin
1
(SIRT-1),
melatonin,
cholecystokinin-8
(CCK-8),
total
antioxidant
capacity
(TAC)
in
identifying
malnutrition.
Methods:
cross-sectional
assessed
153
community-dwelling
older
adults
using
Mini
Nutritional
Assessment
(MNA).
Serum
levels
SIRT-1,
CCK-8
were
analyzed
with
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA),
was
measured
ferric
reducing
ability
plasma
(FRAP)
method.
Results:
TAC
significantly
positively
correlated
grip
strength
visceral
adipose
tissue,
also
showing
associations
appendicular
skeletal
muscle
mass
index
(ASMI),
body
water,
energy
expenditure,
fat-free
index,
fat
(p
<
0.001).
emerged
strong
predictor
(AUC
=
0.58
females,
AUC
0.64
males),
whereas
SIRT-1
0.57
for
both
sexes),
melatonin
0.46
0.51
0.42
0.54
males)
exhibited
weaker
predictive
abilities.
A
multivariate
model
incorporating
demonstrated
excellent
accuracy
0.84,
95%
CI:
0.77-0.90)
indicated
association
between
elevated
higher
Conclusions:
In
conclusion,
this
highlights
effectiveness
multi-parameter
reliable
approach
assessing
adults,
offering
comprehensive
evaluation
condition.
However,
further
research
needed
confirm
applicability
diverse
elderly
populations
clinical
settings.
Язык: Английский
Pathogenesis of Sarcopenia in Chronic Kidney Disease—The Role of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysregulation, Gut Dysbiosis, and microRNA
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(15), С. 8474 - 8474
Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024
Chronic
kidney
disease
(CKD)
is
a
progressive
disorder
associated
with
decline
in
function.
Consequently,
patients
advanced
stages
of
CKD
require
renal
replacement
therapies,
such
as
dialysis
and
transplantation.
Various
conditions
lead
to
the
development
CKD,
including
diabetes
mellitus,
hypertension,
glomerulonephritis,
among
others.
The
metabolic
hormonal
dysregulation,
uraemia
hyperparathyroidism,
well
low-grade
systemic
inflammation.
Altered
homeostasis
increases
risk
developing
severe
comorbidities,
cardiovascular
diseases
or
sarcopenia,
which
increase
mortality.
Sarcopenia
defined
muscle
mass
However,
precise
mechanisms
that
link
sarcopenia
are
poorly
understood.
Knowledge
about
these
linking
might
introduction
treatment
strategies
could
prevent
wasting.
This
review
discusses
inflammatory
mediators,
gut
microbiota
dysbiosis,
non-coding
RNA
alterations
sarcopenia.
Язык: Английский
AMPK-Mediated Multi-Organ Protective Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Review
AMPK-Mediated
Multi-Organ
Protective
Effects
of
GLP-1
Receptor
Agonists
Xin
Wang
1
and
Linxi
2,*
Emergency
Department,
Fujian
Medical
University
Union
Hospital,
Fuzhou
350001,
China
2
Department
Endocrinology
Metabolism,
Institute
Endocrinology,
*
Correspondence:
[email protected]
Received:
11
October
2024;
Revised:
23
Accepted:
20
December
Published:
9
January
2025
Abstract:
AMP-activated
protein
kinase
(AMPK)
is
a
key
enzyme
broadly
involved
in
regulating
cellular
metabolism,
often
called
an
“energy
sensor”.
Activated
AMPK
promotes
ATP
production
storage
within
cells,
primarily
by
inhibiting
ATP-consuming
anabolic
processes
(such
as
protein,
lipid,
ribosomal
synthesis)
initiating
ATP-producing
catabolic
pathways
fatty
acid
oxidation
glycolysis)
to
maintain
energy
homeostasis.
regulates
metabolic
various
peripheral
tissues,
including
glucose
lipid
cholesterol
metabolism
pancreatic
β-cells,
the
cardiovascular
system,
liver,
kidneys,
skeletal
muscles,
central
nervous
system.
As
antidiabetic
drug,
multi-organ
protective
effects
Glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RA)
are
increasingly
being
recognized.
This
paper
reviews
mechanisms
which
GLP-1RA
confers
organ
protection
via
signaling
pathway.
Язык: Английский
Possible Extracellular Signals to Ameliorate Sarcopenia in Response to Medium-Chain Triglycerides (8:0 and 10:0) in Frail Older Adults
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(16), С. 2606 - 2606
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024
In
frail
older
adults
(mean
age
85
years
old),
a
3-month
supplementation
with
low
dose
(6
g/day)
of
medium-chain
triglycerides
(MCTs;
C8:0
and
C10:0)
given
at
meal
increased
muscle
mass
function,
relative
to
long-chain
(LCTs),
but
it
decreased
fat
mass.
The
reduction
in
was
partly
due
postprandial
energy
expenditure
by
stimulation
the
sympathetic
nervous
system
(SNS).
However,
extracellular
signals
ameliorate
sarcopenia
are
unclear.
following
three
potential
increase
function
after
MCT
discussed:
(1)
Activating
SNS-the
hypothesis
for
this
is
based
on
evidence
that
beta2-adrenergic
receptor
agonist
acutely
(1-24
h)
markedly
upregulates
isoforms
peroxisomal
proliferator-activated
gamma
coactivator-1alpha
(PGC-1alpha)
mRNAs,
promotes
mitochondrial
biogenesis,
chronically
(~1
month)
induces
hypertrophy.
(2)
An
concentration
plasma
acyl-ghrelin
stimulates
growth
hormone
secretion.
(3)
A
nitrogen-sparing
effect
ketone
bodies,
which
fuel
skeletal
muscle,
may
promote
protein
synthesis
prevent
breakdown.
This
review
will
help
guide
clinical
trials
using
MCTs
treat
primary
(age-related)
sarcopenia.
Язык: Английский