Environmental Chemistry Letters,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(3), С. 1315 - 1379
Опубликована: Март 10, 2023
Abstract
The
energy
crisis
and
environmental
pollution
have
recently
fostered
research
on
efficient
methods
such
as
catalysis
to
produce
biofuel
clean
water.
Environmental
refers
green
catalysts
used
breakdown
pollutants
or
chemicals
without
generating
undesirable
by-products.
For
example,
derived
from
waste
inexpensive
materials
are
promising
for
the
circular
economy.
Here
we
review
photocatalysis,
biocatalysis,
electrocatalysis,
with
focus
catalyst
synthesis,
structure,
applications.
Common
include
biomass-derived
materials,
metal–organic
frameworks,
non-noble
metals
nanoparticles,
nanocomposites
enzymes.
Structure
characterization
is
done
by
Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
isotherm,
thermogravimetry,
X-ray
diffraction
photoelectron
spectroscopy.
We
found
that
water
can
be
degraded
an
efficiency
ranging
71.7
100%,
notably
heterogeneous
Fenton
catalysis.
Photocatalysis
produced
dihydrogen
(H
2
)
generation
rate
higher
than
100
μmol
h
−1
.
Dihydrogen
yields
ranged
27
88%
methane
cracking.
Biodiesel
production
reached
48.6
99%.
Fermentation,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(3), С. 241 - 241
Опубликована: Март 2, 2023
Cellulosic
sugars
production
for
the
valorization
of
lignocellulosic
biomass
residues
in
an
industrial
site
has
economic
benefits
and
is
promising
if
integrated
into
a
biorefinery.
Enzymatic
hydrolysis
(EH)
pretreated
Eucalyptus
globulus
bark,
residue
low-economic
value
widely
available
Portuguese
pulp
paper
mills,
could
be
excellent
approach
to
attain
resource
circularity
mill
profitability.
This
work
evaluated
potential
improving
cellulosic
concentrations
by
operating
with
high
solids
loading
introducing
additives
Triton
X-100,
PEG
4000
Tween
80
using
commercial
enzymatic
consortium
dosage
25
FPU
gcarbohydrates−1.
Additives
did
not
improve
performance,
but
effect
increasing
14%
(w/v)
batch
operation
was
accomplished.
The
fed-batch
strategy
investigated
and,
when
starting
11%
loading,
allowed
feeding
3%
fresh
feedstock
sequentially
at
2,
4
6
h,
attaining
20%
total
loading.
After
24
h
operation,
concentration
reached
161
g
L−1,
corresponding
EH
conversion
efficiency
76%.
Finally,
fermentability
hydrolysate
Ethanol
Red®
strain
5
L
bioreactor
scale.
present
results
demonstrate
that
previously
kraft
pulping,
production,
allowing
it
become
raw
material
wide
range
bioprocesses.
International Journal of Multiphase Flow,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
174, С. 104789 - 104789
Опубликована: Март 7, 2024
The
intricate
nature
of
non-Newtonian
fluid
rheology
has
raised
notable
attention,
particularly
in
gas–liquid
systems,
where
the
dispersed
bubbles
may
generate
shear
forces
and
change
shear-dependent
viscosity
surrounding
liquid.
While
effective
rate,
γ̇eff=vb/Db,
is
commonly
used
to
approximate
shear-thinning
around
spherical
bubbles,
deviations
arise
for
deformed
present
real
systems.
This
work
combines
laboratory
experiments
numerical
simulations
investigate
evolution
a
single
rising
bubble
three
different
systems:
water,
glycerol/water
solutions
characterizing
viscous-Newtonian
carboxymethyl
cellulose
(CMC)
aqueous
exhibiting
shear-thinning.
experiment
was
performed
with
sizes
1–9mm
using
imaging
techniques.
measured
modelled
by
Carreau
model,
3D
direct
based
on
diffuse
interface
approach.
behaviors
are
found
increase
terminal
velocity
through
two
distinct
mechanisms:
reducing
apparent
promoting
deformation.
extent
effect
depends
dominating
regimes
under
which
parameters
play
significant
role.
Finally,
empirical
models
drag
coefficient
evaluated
estimations,
rate
average
near
interface.
good
agreement
between
experimental
simulation
results
validates
proposed
models.
Energies,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
16(13), С. 5052 - 5052
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023
As
greenhouse
gas
emissions
are
continuously
increasing,
research
is
now
privileging
greener
and
more
sustainable
human
activities.
An
attractive
strategy
in
the
pursuit
of
sustainability
valorization
lignocellulosic
biomasses
for
production
bioethanol.
This
approach
relies
on
bioconversion
wood
agricultural
waste,
which
abundant
globally.
They
represent
considerable
sources
fermentable
sugars
that
can
be
recovered
through
enzymatic
hydrolysis.
However,
presence
lignin
waste
makes
it
recalcitrant
to
hydrolysis,
reduces
efficiency
process.
Therefore,
a
pretreatment
preceding
hydrolysis
highly
necessary
order
disrupt
resistant
structure
woody
biomass.
The
type
severity
affect
outcomes
fermentation
steps,
just
as
they
strongly
influence
overall
process
costs.
Given
this
context,
bioenergy
from
biomass
promising
alternative
method
sustainably
responding
energy
demands
while
reducing
amounts
left
nature.
aim
review
thoroughly
compare
recent
processes
performed
substrates
over
past
five
years,
with
focus
thermomechanical
pretreatments.
Moreover,
will
discuss
their
separate
impact
process,
energetic
aspects.
