International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(7), С. 2912 - 2912
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Influenza
viruses
are
characterized
by
their
high
variability
and
pathogenicity,
effective
therapeutic
options
remain
limited.
Given
these
challenges,
targeting
host
cell
proteins
that
facilitate
viral
replication
presents
a
promising
strategy
for
antiviral
drug
discovery.
In
the
present
study,
we
observed
significant
upregulation
of
Glycyl-tRNA
synthetase
(GlyRS)
within
24
h
post-PR8
virus
infection.
The
inhibition
GlyRS
expression
in
A549
cells
resulted
marked
reduction
infection
rates
across
multiple
influenza
strains,
while
overexpression
led
to
an
increase
infectivity
during
early
stages
These
findings
suggest
plays
critical
role
virus.
Accordingly,
screened
potential
inhibitors
identified
Lycobetaine
Scutellarein
using
multifaceted
approach.
Through
combination
molecular
dynamics
simulations,
further
elucidated
mechanisms
action
binding
sites
compounds.
Both
effectively
suppressed
viruses,
activity
was
confirmed
be
mediated
targeting.
Therefore,
inhibitors,
such
as
Scutellarein,
represent
candidates
combating
infections
provide
novel
insights
into
treatment
aaRS-related
diseases,
opening
new
avenues
development
aaRS-targeted
therapeutics.
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(3), С. 705 - 705
Опубликована: Март 8, 2023
Dengue
is
a
major
global
health
threat
causing
390
million
dengue
infections
and
25,000
deaths
annually.
The
lack
of
efficacy
the
licensed
Dengvaxia
vaccine
absence
clinically
approved
antiviral
against
virus
(DENV)
drive
urgent
demand
for
development
novel
anti-DENV
therapeutics.
Various
agents
have
been
developed
investigated
their
activities.
This
review
discusses
mechanisms
action
employed
by
various
DENV.
host-directed
antivirals
targeting
host
receptors
direct-acting
DENV
structural
non-structural
proteins
are
reviewed.
In
addition,
that
target
different
stages
during
post-infection
such
as
viral
replication,
maturation,
assembly
Antiviral
designed
based
on
these
molecular
could
lead
to
discovery
therapeutics
treatment
infections.
Evaluations
combinations
drugs
with
also
synergistic
drug
at
any
stage
infection.
The
emergence
of
a
series
SARS-CoV-2
variants
has
necessitated
the
search
for
broad-spectrum
antiviral
targets.
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR)
senses
tryptophan
metabolites
and
is
an
immune
regulator.
However,
role
AhR
in
infection
whether
can
be
used
as
target
therapy
against
its
are
yet
unclear.
Here,
we
show
that
with
activates
signaling
facilitates
viral
replication
by
interfering
IFN-I-driven
immunity
up-regulating
ACE2
expression.
pharmacological
blockade
or
knockout
reduces
variants'
vitro.
Drug
targeting
antagonists
markedly
reduced
vivo
ameliorated
lung
inflammation
caused
hamsters.
Overall,
was
proviral
host
factor
candidate
host-directed
variants,
including
Delta
Omicron,
potentially
other
future.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
28(22), С. 7674 - 7674
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2023
Pathogens
cause
infections
and
millions
of
deaths
globally,
while
antipathogens
are
drugs
or
treatments
designed
to
combat
them.
To
date,
multifunctional
nanomaterials
(NMs),
such
as
organic,
inorganic,
nanocomposites,
have
attracted
significant
attention
by
transforming
antipathogen
livelihoods.
They
very
small
in
size
so
can
quickly
pass
through
the
walls
bacterial,
fungal,
parasitic
cells
viral
particles
perform
their
antipathogenic
activity.
more
reactive
a
high
band
gap,
making
them
effective
than
traditional
medications.
Moreover,
due
some
pathogen’s
resistance
currently
available
medications,
performance
NMs
is
becoming
crucial.
Additionally,
prospective
properties
administration
methods,
eventually
chosen
for
cutting-edge
applications
therapies,
including
drug
diagnostic
tools
antipathogens.
Herein,
characteristics
that
facilitate
identifying
eliminating
pathogens
real-time.
This
mini-review
analyzes
antimicrobial
investigates
mode
action.
We
also
discussed
challenges
need
be
solved
utilization
Advanced Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024
Abstract
Host‐directed
therapies
(HDTs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
strategy
to
combat
viral
infections
by
modifying
host
factors
and
immune
responses
restrict
replication
improve
patient
outcomes.
This
review
summarizes
the
latest
advances
future
potential
of
HDTs
in
antiviral
therapy.
With
developments
genomics
proteomics,
new
targets
essential
for
been
identified.
Gene‐editing
tools,
such
CRISPR‐Cas9,
enable
precise
manipulation
genes
linked
processes,
paving
way
innovative
HDTs.
Emerging
approaches,
including
RNA
interference
interference,
further
demonstrate
specifically
modify
inhibit
replication.
Additionally,
probiotics
are
being
explored
their
capacity
enhance
modulate
gut
microbiota,
offering
natural
safe
method
boosting
defenses.
Despite
these
advancements,
significant
challenges
remain,
particularly
deciphering
complex
host–virus
interactions
ensuring
safety
efficacy
therapies.
Continued
research
clinical
evaluation
realize
full
provides
comprehensive
overview
current
HDT
strategies,
emphasizing
promise
shaping
interventions.
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 390 - 390
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Chronic
viral
infections
like
HIV,
HBV,
and
HCV
establish
persistent
interactions
with
the
host
immune
system,
resulting
in
evasion
long-term
dysfunction.
These
viruses
use
a
range
of
strategies
to
limit
defenses,
such
as
downregulating
MHC
class
I,
disrupting
interferon
signaling,
altering
apoptosis
pathways,
suppressing
cytotoxic
T-cell
activity.
Key
proteins,
including
HIV
Nef,
HBV
X
protein,
NS5A,
interfere
antigen
presentation
JAK/STAT
thereby
reducing
antiviral
responses.
induce
exhaustion
due
exposure,
which
leads
expression
inhibitory
receptors
PD-1
CTLA-4
on
T
cells.
Viral
epigenetic
changes,
N6-methyladenosine
modifications
histone
deacetylation,
enhance
by
modulating
gene
infected
Viruses
further
manipulate
cytokine
networks
promoting
an
immunosuppressive
environment
through
IL-10
TGF-β
secretion,
suppress
inflammatory
responses
inhibit
activation.
This
review
examines
molecular/cellular
mechanisms
that
enable
chronic
escape
immunity,
focusing
antigenic
variation,
disruption,
control
apoptotic
pathways.
It
also
addresses
how
genetic
factors,
HLA
polymorphisms,
influence
disease
progression.
Lastly,
we
discuss
host-targeted
therapies,
checkpoint
inhibitors,
treatments,
CRISPR.
Reviews in Aquaculture,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15(2), С. 491 - 535
Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022
Disease
and
parasitism
cause
major
welfare,
environmental
economic
concerns
for
global
aquaculture.
In
this
review,
we
examine
the
status
potential
of
technologies
that
exploit
genetic
variation
in
host
resistance
to
tackle
problem.
We
argue
there
is
an
urgent
need
improve
understanding
mechanisms
involved,
leading
development
tools
can
be
applied
boost
reduce
disease
burden.
draw
on
two
pressing
problems
as
case
studies-sea
lice
infestations
salmonids
white
spot
syndrome
shrimp.
review
how
latest
capitalised
upon
determine
underlying
inter-
intra-species
pathogen/parasite
resistance,
derived
knowledge
could
using
selective
breeding,
gene
editing
and/or
with
targeted
feed
treatments
vaccines.
Gene
brings
novel
opportunities,
but
also
implementation
dissemination
challenges,
necessitates
new
protocols
integrate
technology
into
aquaculture
breeding
programmes.
There
ongoing
minimise
risks
agents
evolving
overcome
improvements
insights
from
epidemiological
evolutionary
models
pathogen
infestation
wild
cultured
populations
are
explored.
Ethical
issues
around
different
approaches
achieving
discussed.
Application
has
fundamental
affecting
provide
effective
pathways
lead
more
resistant
stocks,
transforming
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
28(9), С. 3698 - 3698
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2023
Cancer
treatments
with
targeted
therapy
have
gained
immense
interest
due
to
their
low
levels
of
toxicity
and
high
selectivity.
Proteolysis-Targeting
Chimeras
(PROTACs)
drawn
special
attention
in
the
development
cancer
therapeutics
owing
unique
mechanism
action,
ability
target
undruggable
proteins,
focused
engagement.
PROTACs
selectively
degrade
protein
through
ubiquitin-proteasome
system,
which
describes
a
different
mode
action
compared
conventional
small-molecule
inhibitors
or
even
antibodies.
Among
types,
prostate
(PC)
is
most
prevalent
non-cutaneous
men.
Genetic
alterations
overexpression
several
genes,
such
as
FOXA1,
AR,
PTEN,
RB1,
TP53,
etc.,
suppress
immune
response,
resulting
drug
resistance
drugs
cancer.
Since
progression
ARV-110
(PROTAC
for
PC)
into
clinical
phases,
focus
research
has
quickly
shifted
degraders
targeting
The
present
review
highlights
an
overview
superiority
over
inhibitors.
We
also
delve
underlying
pathophysiology
disease
explain
structural
design
linkerology
strategies
PROTAC
molecules.
Additionally,
we
touch
on
various
targets
cancer,
including
androgen
receptor
(AR)
other
critical
oncoproteins,
discuss
future
prospects
challenges
this
field.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(2), С. 1232 - 1232
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2023
Severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
is
responsible
for
the
COVID-19
pandemic,
whereas
influenza
A
virus
(IAV)
causes
seasonal
epidemics
and
occasional
pandemics.
Both
viruses
lead
to
widespread
infection
death.
SARS-CoV-2
are
RNA
viruses.
The
genome
an
approximately
30
kb,
positive
sense,
5′
capped
single-stranded
molecule.
possesses
eight
negative-sense
segments.
secondary
structure
in
untranslated
coding
regions
crucial
viral
replication
cycle.
within
of
has
been
intensively
studied.
Because
whole
cycles
dependent
on
with
no
DNA
intermediate,
a
natural
promising
target
development
inhibitors.
There
lot
RNA-targeting
strategies
regulating
pathogenic
RNA,
such
as
small
interfering
interference,
antisense
oligonucleotides,
catalytic
nucleic
acids,
molecules.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
knowledge
about
inhibition
propagation
by
targeting
their
structure.
Infectious Diseases and Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(1), С. 21 - 55
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
In
1976
Ebola
revealed
itself
to
the
world,
marking
beginning
of
a
series
localized
outbreaks.
However,
it
was
outbreak
that
began
in
2013
incited
fear
and
anxiety
around
globe.
Since
then,
our
comprehension
virus
has
been
steadily
expanding.
(EBOV),
belonging
Orthoebolavirus
genus
Filoviridae
family,
possesses
non-segmented,
negative
single-stranded
RNA
genome
comprising
seven
genes
encode
multiple
proteins.
These
proteins
collectively
orchestrate
intricate
process
infecting
host
cells.
It
is
not
possible
view
each
protein
as
monofunctional.
Instead,
they
synergistically
contribute
pathogenicity
virus.
Understanding
this
multifaceted
replication
cycle
crucial
for
development
effective
antiviral
strategies.
Currently,
two
antibody-based
therapeutics
have
received
approval
treating
disease
(EVD).
2022,
first
evidence-based
clinical
practice
guideline
dedicated
specific
therapies
EVD
published.
Although
notable
progress
made
recent
years,
deaths
still
occur.
Consequently,
there
an
urgent
need
enhance
therapeutic
options
available
improve
outcomes
disease.
Emerging
can
target
viral
direct-acting
antivirals
or
factors
host-directed
antivirals.
They
both
advantages
disadvantages.
One
way
bypass
some
disadvantages
repurpose
already
approved
drugs
non-EVD
indications
treat
EVD.
This
review
offers
detailed
insight
into
role
virus,
understanding
how
interacts
with
cells
critical
emerging
exert
their
activity.
Using
knowledge,
delves
mechanisms
action
current
therapeutics.