bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2023
Abstract
Interactions
between
top-down
attention
and
bottom-up
visceral
inputs
are
assumed
to
produce
conscious
perceptions
of
interoceptive
states,
while
each
process
has
been
independently
associated
with
aberrant
symptomatology
in
psychiatric
disorders,
the
neural
substrates
this
interface
unknown.
We
conducted
a
preregistered
functional
neuroimaging
study
46
individuals
anxiety,
depression,
and/or
eating
disorders
(ADE)
propensity-matched
healthy
comparisons
(HC),
comparing
their
activity
across
two
tasks
differentially
recruiting
or
processing
within
same
scan
session.
During
an
task,
was
voluntarily
directed
towards
cardiorespiratory
visual
signals,
whereas
during
perturbation
intravenous
infusions
isoproterenol
(a
peripherally-acting
beta-adrenergic
receptor
agonist)
were
administered
double-blinded
placebo-controlled
fashion
drive
sensations.
Across
both
tasks,
activation
converged
upon
insular
cortex,
localizing
granular
ventral
dysgranular
subregions
bilaterally.
However,
contrasting
hemispheric
differences
emerged,
ADE
group
exhibiting
(relative
HCs)
asymmetric
pattern
overlap
left
insula,
increased
decreased
proportions
co-activated
voxels
right
respectively.
The
also
showed
less
agranular
anterior
insula
periods
bodily
uncertainty
(i.e.,
when
anticipating
possible
isoproterenol-induced
changes
that
never
arrived).
Finally,
post-task
connectivity
anxiety
depression
severity.
These
findings
confirm
mid-insula
as
key
cortical
where
prediction
meet
real-time
inputs,
especially
heightened
awareness
states.
Further,
may
indeed
be
“locus
disruption”
for
disorders.
Interactions
between
top-down
attention
and
bottom-up
visceral
inputs
are
assumed
to
produce
conscious
perceptions
of
interoceptive
states,
while
each
process
has
been
independently
associated
with
aberrant
symptomatology
in
psychiatric
disorders,
the
neural
substrates
this
interface
unknown.
We
conducted
a
preregistered
functional
neuroimaging
study
46
individuals
anxiety,
depression,
and/or
eating
disorders
(ADE)
propensity-matched
healthy
comparisons
(HC),
comparing
their
activity
across
two
tasks
differentially
recruiting
or
processing
within
same
scan
session.
During
an
task,
was
voluntarily
directed
towards
cardiorespiratory
visual
signals.
In
contrast,
during
perturbation
intravenous
infusions
isoproterenol
(a
peripherally-acting
beta-adrenergic
receptor
agonist)
were
administered
double-blinded
placebo-controlled
fashion
drive
sensations.
Across
both
tasks,
activation
converged
upon
insular
cortex,
localizing
granular
ventral
dysgranular
subregions
bilaterally.
However,
contrasting
hemispheric
differences
emerged,
ADE
group
exhibiting
(relative
HCs)
asymmetric
pattern
overlap
left
insula,
increased
decreased
proportions
co-activated
voxels
right
respectively.
The
also
showed
less
agranular
anterior
insula
periods
bodily
uncertainty
(i.e.
when
anticipating
possible
isoproterenol-induced
changes
that
never
arrived).
Finally,
post-task
connectivity
anxiety
depression
severity.
These
findings
confirm
mid-insula
as
key
cortical
where
prediction
meet
real-time
inputs,
especially
heightened
awareness
states.
Furthermore,
may
indeed
be
‘locus
disruption’
for
disorders.
EClinicalMedicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
64, С. 102173 - 102173
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023
BackgroundBody
image
disturbance
and
anxiety
are
core
features
of
anorexia
nervosa
(AN),
a
psychiatric
disorder
with
one
the
highest
mortality
rates.
This
study
examined
efficacy
novel
non-pharmacological
treatment,
floatation-REST
(Reduced
Environmental
Stimulation
Therapy)
on
body
in
inpatients
AN.MethodsThis
parallel
group
randomised
controlled
trial
compared
vs.
care
as
usual
women
girls
hospitalised
for
treatment
AN
Tulsa,
Oklahoma,
USA.
Participants
were
2:1
ratio
to
receive
eight,
twice-weekly,
60-min
sessions
4
weeks,
addition
usual,
or
usual.
The
primary
outcome
was
average
change
dissatisfaction
from
pre-
post-float
measured
by
Photographic
Figure
Rating
Scale.
secondary
state
version
State
Trait
Anxiety
Inventory.
Longitudinal
effects
also
examined.
All
analyses
conducted
using
intention-to-treat
principle.
Planned
linear
mixed
models
tested
effect
preregistered
(clinicaltrials.gov
NCT03610451).FindingsBetween
March
16,
2018
February
25,
2021,
133
participants
screened
eligibility,
86
consented.
Eighteen
excluded
after
consent,
final
randomisation
sample
68
(45
floatation-REST;
23
usual).
There
two
session
condition
interactions
(p
=
0.00026)
<
0.0001),
such
that
exhibited
acute
(i.e.,
post-session)
reductions
(floatation-REST
mean
(Δm)
−0.43;
95%
CI
−0.56
−0.30,
p
0.0001,
Cohen's
d
0.23),
Δm
−15.75;
−17.95
−13.56,
1.52);
however,
no
significant
changes.
With
regard
longitudinal
results,
there
time
interaction
between
baseline
immediately
post
intervention
0.012)
six-month
follow
up
0.0019).
At
intervention,
trending
reduction
(Δm
−0.41,
−0.86
0.03,
0.068)
0.61;
−0.04
1.27,
0.070).
six-months
post-intervention,
lower
−0.91;
−1.37
−0.45,
0.0020,
0.53)
whereas
reported
0.35;
−0.28
0.98,
0.96)
relative
baseline.
adverse
events
related
during
study.InterpretationOur
findings
suggest
Floatation-REST
decreased
acutely
each
float
at
follow-up.
has
potential
utility
AN.
These
results
may
be
limited
some
generalisability
concerns
given
recruitment
modest
receiving
inpatient
single
site.FundingThe
William
K.
Warren
Foundation.
European Eating Disorders Review,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
ABSTRACT
The
human
brain
possesses
a
unique
ability
to
switch
between
patterns
of
functional
connectivity,
known
as
states,
which
are
crucial
for
regulating
biological,
cognitive,
and
emotional
processes.
These
states
linked
numerous
neurological
neuropsychiatric
conditions,
however,
their
relationship
clinical
symptoms
anorexia
nervosa
(AN)
is
not
well
understood.
In
this
exploratory
study,
we
aimed
identify
whole‐brain
dynamic
alterations
in
AN
association
with
symptoms.
To
end,
recruited
19
women
diagnosed
22
healthy
controls
(HCs)
who
underwent
resting‐state
magnetic
resonance
imaging.
By
implementing
sliding‐window
approach,
found
that
patients
had
limited
flexibility
transit
different
configurations
compared
HCs.
Moreover,
spent
significant
amount
time
configuration
characterised
by
strong
coupling
the
ventral
attentional
network
somatomotor
network.
Changes
these
networks
play
role
body
image
disturbances,
interoceptive
awareness,
image‐body
schema
interaction.
Interestingly,
specific
state
showed
negative
mass
index,
along
positive
correlation
eating
disorder
indices.
Our
study
highlights
potential
connectivity
prognostic
therapeutic
means
spotlight
maladaptive
AN.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
Food
seeking
and
avoidance
engage
primary
reward
systems
to
drive
behavior.
It
is
nevertheless
unclear
whether
innate
or
learned
food
biases
interact
with
general
processing
interfere
goal-directed
choice.
To
this
end,
we
recruited
a
large
non-clinical
sample
of
females
high
eating-disorder
symptoms
('HED')
matched
low
('LED')
complete
reward-learning
task
where
the
calorie
content
stimuli
was
incidental
goal
maximizing
monetary
reward.
We
find
replicate
low-calorie
bias
in
HED
high-calorie
LED,
reflecting
strength
pre-experimental
food-reward
associations.
An
emotional
arousal
manipulation
shifts
group-dependent
across
individual
differences,
interoceptive
awareness
predicting
change.
Reinforcement-learning
models
further
identify
distinct
cognitive
components
supporting
these
group-specific
biases.
Our
results
highlight
influence
reinforcement-based
mechanisms
eliciting
potentially
maladaptive
Disordered
eating
can
disrupt
rewarding
value
food.
Here,
authors
show
female
that
disorder
symptoms,
arousal,
modulate
goal-irrelevant
during
reinforcement
learning.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2023
Recent
computational
theories
of
interoception
suggest
that
perception
bodily
states
rests
upon
an
expected
reliability-
or
precision-weighted
integration
afferent
signals
and
prior
beliefs.
The
psychiatry
framework
further
suggests
aberrant
precision-weighting
may
lead
to
misestimation
states,
potentially
hindering
effective
visceral
regulation
promoting
psychopathology.
In
a
previous
study,
we
fit
Bayesian
model
behavior
on
heartbeat
tapping
task
test
whether
was
associated
with
states.
We
found
that,
during
interoceptive
perturbation
designed
amplify
signal
precision
(inspiratory
breath-holding),
healthy
individuals
increased
the
assigned
ascending
cardiac
(relative
resting
conditions),
while
symptoms
anxiety,
depression,
substance
use
disorders,
and/or
eating
disorders
did
not.
A
second
study
also
replicated
pattern
observed
in
participants.
this
pre-registered
aimed
replicate
our
findings
new
transdiagnostic
patient
sample
(N=285)
similar
one
original
study.
These
results
successfully
those
indicating
transdiagnostically,
patients
were
unable
adjust
beliefs
about
reliability
-
preventing
ability
accurately
perceive
changes
their
state.
Follow-up
analyses
combining
samples
from
current
(N=719)
afforded
power
identify
group
differences
within
narrower
diagnostic
groups
examine
predictive
accuracy
when
logistic
regression
models
trained
tested
other.
Given
confidence
generalizability
these
effects,
future
studies
should
utility
interceptive
measures
predicting
treatment
outcomes
mechanisms
might
represent
novel
therapeutic
targets
for
improving
regulation.
European Eating Disorders Review,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
32(4), С. 700 - 717
Опубликована: Март 6, 2024
Abstract
Eating
disorders
(ED)
are
serious
psychiatric
illnesses,
with
no
everyday
support
to
intervene
on
the
high
rates
of
relapse.
Understanding
physiological
indices
that
can
be
measured
by
wearable
sensor
technologies
may
provide
new
momentary
interventions
for
individuals
ED.
This
systematic
review,
searching
large
databases,
synthesises
studies
investigating
peripheral
(PP)
commonly
included
in
wristbands
(heart
rate
[HR],
heart
variability
[HRV],
electrodermal
activity
[EDA],
skin
temperature
[PST],
and
acceleration)
Inclusion
criteria
included:
(a)
full
peer‐reviewed
empirical
articles
English;
(b)
human
participants
active
ED;
(c)
containing
one
five
measures.
Kmet
risk
bias
was
assessed.
Ninety‐four
were
(Anorexia
nervosa
[AN;
N
=
4418],
bulimia
[BN;
916],
binge
eating
disorder
[BED;
1604],
other
specified
feeding
[OSFED;
424],
transdiagnostic
[
47]).
Participants
AN
displayed
lower
HR
EDA
higher
HRV
compared
healthy
individuals.
Those
BN
showed
HRV,
PST
Other
ED
Transdiagnostic
samples
mixed
results.
PP
differences
indicated
through
various
assessments
ED,
which
suggest
diagnostic
associations,
although
more
needed
validate
observed
patterns.
Results
important
therapeutic
potential
larger
including
diverse
groups
fully
uncover
their
role
Interactions
between
top-down
attention
and
bottom-up
visceral
inputs
are
assumed
to
produce
conscious
perceptions
of
interoceptive
states,
while
each
process
has
been
independently
associated
with
aberrant
symptomatology
in
psychiatric
disorders,
the
neural
substrates
this
interface
unknown.
We
conducted
a
preregistered
functional
neuroimaging
study
46
individuals
anxiety,
depression,
and/or
eating
disorders
(ADE)
propensity-matched
healthy
comparisons
(HC),
comparing
their
activity
across
two
tasks
differentially
recruiting
or
processing
within
same
scan
session.
During
an
task,
was
voluntarily
directed
towards
cardiorespiratory
visual
signals.
In
contrast,
during
perturbation
intravenous
infusions
isoproterenol
(a
peripherally-acting
beta-adrenergic
receptor
agonist)
were
administered
double-blinded
placebo-controlled
fashion
drive
sensations.
Across
both
tasks,
activation
converged
upon
insular
cortex,
localizing
granular
ventral
dysgranular
subregions
bilaterally.
However,
contrasting
hemispheric
differences
emerged,
ADE
group
exhibiting
(relative
HCs)
asymmetric
pattern
overlap
left
insula,
increased
decreased
proportions
co-activated
voxels
right
respectively.
The
also
showed
less
agranular
anterior
insula
periods
bodily
uncertainty
(i.e.
when
anticipating
possible
isoproterenol-induced
changes
that
never
arrived).
Finally,
post-task
connectivity
anxiety
depression
severity.
These
findings
confirm
mid-insula
as
key
cortical
where
prediction
meet
real-time
inputs,
especially
heightened
awareness
states.
Furthermore,
may
indeed
be
‘locus
disruption’
for
disorders.
