Different stressors uniquely affect the expression of endocannabinoid‐metabolizing enzymes in the central ring ganglia of Lymnaea stagnalis

Journal of Neurochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2024

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in neuroprotection, neuroplasticity, energy balance, modulation of stress, and inflammatory responses, acting as a critical link between the brain body's peripheral regions, while also offering promising potential for novel therapeutic strategies. Unfortunately, humans, pharmacological inhibitors different ECS enzymes have led to mixed results both preclinical clinical studies. As has been highly conserved throughout eukaryotic lineage, use invertebrate model organisms like pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis may provide flexible tool unravel unexplored functions at cellular, synaptic, behavioral levels. In this study, starting from available genome transcriptome L. stagnalis, we first identified putative transcripts all containing open reading frame. Each predicted protein possessed high degree sequence conservation known orthologues other vertebrate organisms. Sequences were confirmed by qualitative PCR sequencing. Then, investigated transcriptional effects induced stress conditions (i.e., bacterial LPS injection, predator scent, food deprivation, acute heat shock) on expression levels Lymnaea's central ring ganglia. Our suggest that rodents, is involved mediating anxiety-like promoting responding stressors. To our knowledge, study offers most comprehensive analysis so far organism.

Язык: Английский

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Behavioral and transcriptional effects of carnosine in the central ring ganglia of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Journal of Neuroscience Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 102(8)

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Carnosine is a naturally occurring endogenous dipeptide with well-recognized anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects at the central nervous system level. To date, very few studies have been focused on ability of carnosine to rescue and/or enhance memory. Here, we used well-known invertebrate model system, pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, well-studied associative learning procedure, operant conditioning aerial respiration, investigate long-term memory (LTM) formation reverse obstruction caused by an immune challenge (i.e., lipopolysaccharide [LPS] injection). Exposing snails 1 mM for h before training in addition enhancing resulted significant upregulation expression levels key neuroplasticity genes glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl-d-aspartate [NMDA]-type subunit 1-LymGRIN1, transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein 1-LymCREB1) snails' ring ganglia. Moreover, pre-exposure LPS injection reversed deficit brought about inflammation, preventing targets stress response Toll-like 4-LymTLR4, molluscan defense molecule-LymMDM, heat shock 70-LymHSP70). Our data are thus consistent hypothesis that can positive benefits cognitive be able aversive states induced neuroinflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral and molecular effects in Lymnaea stagnalis, an emerging model organism for translational neuroscience

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 152, С. 114418 - 114418

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Chronic tributyltin exposure induces metabolic disruption in an invertebrate model animal, Lymnaea stagnalis

Aquatic Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 284, С. 107404 - 107404

Опубликована: Май 9, 2025

Over the last 20 years, tributyltin (TBT) has been reported to cause metabolic disruption in both invertebrates and vertebrates, highlighting need for further detailed analysis of its physiological effects. This study aimed investigate metabolic-disrupting effects TBT from behavioral molecular level. Adult specimens great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) were exposed an environmentally relevant concentration (100 ng L-1) 21 days. After chronic exposure, alterations as well histological, cellular, changes investigated central nervous system, kidney, hepatopancreas. exposure significantly decreased feeding activity, while locomotor activity remained unchanged. At histological level, cellular localization tin was demonstrated all tissues and, addition, characteristic morphological observed kidney Tissue-specific lipid profiles confirmed TBT-induced homeostasis mollusks, characterized by a consistent reduction proportion polyunsaturated fatty acids shift toward more saturated lipids. The expression 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 12 (HSD17B12) enzyme, involved metabolism reduced three after exposure. Our results show that induces significant multi-level Lymnaea, including direct composition. findings also suggest HSD17B12 enzyme plays key role mammals, is likely disruption. Overall, our extends previous studies on mollusks providing novel tissue-specific data highlights complexity evolutionary conserved way

Язык: Английский

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First evidence of an anxiety-like behavior and its pharmacological modulation in a molluscan model organism, Lymnaea stagnalis

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 22, 2025

Anxiety, a behavioral consequence of stress, has been characterized in humans and some vertebrates but remains largely unexplored invertebrates. Here, we demonstrate that after being exposed to fish water, which simulates the presence predators, pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) exhibit series sustained fear responses. These include increased aerial respiration, changes righting behavior, reduced escape Notably, these behaviors persist even stressor (fish water) is removed, indicating they likely represent an anxiety-like state rather than simple conditioned reflex. Additionally, exposure water enhances long-term memory formation for operant conditioning suggesting predator scent potentially induces heightened alertness, consolidation processes. Furthermore, when experience alongside appetitive stimulus (carrot), form configural learning-a higher learning - where now triggers response instead eliciting feeding. Importantly, anxiolytic drug alprazolam prevents Through dose-response experiments, found at concentration 0.1 µM 15 min effectively counteracts predator-induced anxiety without causing sedation. This treatment also effects cues on memory. However, consistent with data from anterograde amnesia, impairing new memories up 3 h treatment, though it does not cause deficits. Overall, this first study showing molluscan model organism exhibits similar those seen vertebrates, can be mitigated by anti-anxiety drug. suggests fundamental mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved across species. By using invertebrate model, our research offers insights into biological basis sets stage future pharmacological studies.

Язык: Английский

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How to reduce fear in a snail: Take an aspirin, call me in the morning

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 284, С. 109978 - 109978

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid, ASA), one of the widely used non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs can easily end up in sewage effluents and thus it becomes necessary to investigate effects aspirin on behaviour aquatic organisms. Previous studies mammals have shown ASA alter fear anxiety-like behaviours. In great pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, has been block a 'sickness state' induced by lipopolysaccharide injection which upregulates immune stress-related genes altering behavioural responses. Lymnaea, eliciting physiological stress may enhance memory formation or its retrieval depending stimulus type intensity. Here we examine whether will two forms associative-learning crayfish predator-experienced when exposure accompanies predator-cue-induced during learning procedure. The trainings procedures are: 1) operant conditioning aerial respiration; 2) higher form learning, called configural here is dependent evoking response. We show that alone does not homeostatic respiration, feeding long-term (LTM) operantly conditioned respiration. However, blocked enhancement LTM normally elicited training snails predator cue. also makes use response Thus, alters how responds cognitively detection.

Язык: Английский

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Hot and cold exposure triggers distinct transcriptional and behavioral responses in laboratory-inbred pond snails

Water Biology and Security, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 100315 - 100315

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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