Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(2), С. 182 - 182
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022
Patients
with
cancer
are
at
particular
risk
for
infection
but
also
have
diminished
vaccine
responses,
usually
quantified
by
the
level
of
specific
antibodies.
Nonetheless,
vaccines
specifically
recommended
in
this
vulnerable
patient
group.
Here,
we
discuss
cellular
part
response
patients
cancer.
We
summarize
experience
prior
to
and
during
SARS-CoV-2
pandemic
different
subgroups,
why,
especially
cancer,
T
cells
may
be
more
reliable
correlate
protection.
Finally,
provide
a
brief
outlook
on
options
improve
vaccines.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Май 4, 2022
Since
the
onset
of
COVID-19
pandemic,
medical
field
has
been
forced
to
apply
basic
knowledge
immunology
with
most
up-to-date
SARS-CoV-2
findings
and
translate
it
population
whole
world
in
record
time.
Following
infection
viral
antigen,
adaptive
immune
responses
are
activated
mainly
by
particle
encounters
antigen-presenting
cells
or
B
cell
receptors,
which
induce
further
biological
interactions
defend
host
against
virus.
After
warded
off,
immunological
memory
is
developed.
The
SARS-CoV
cellular
immunity
shown
persist
even
17
years
after
infection,
despite
undetectable
humoral
component.
Similar
demonstrated
for
T
a
shorter
period
assessing
interferon-gamma
levels
when
heparinized
blood
stimulated
virus-specific
peptides.
also
play
an
irreplaceable
part
reaction
as
backbone
response.
They
both
provide
signals
activation
maturation,
competence,
production
IgA
was
be
significant
influence
mediating
mucosal
first
defense
mechanism
development
nasal
vaccines.
Here,
we
interpret
recent
available
research,
encompasses
significance
current
understanding
activity,
compare
among
naive,
exposed,
vaccinated
donors.
Our
data
showed
that
those
who
recovered
from
EMA-approved
vaccines
had
long-lasting
immunity.
Additionally,
analyze
immunocompromised
patients
mediated
impact
clonality
pandemic
regarding
breakthrough
infections
variants
concern,
B.1.617.2
(Delta)
B.1.1.529
(Omicron)
variants.
Blood Cancer Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023
Abstract
Bispecific
antibodies
(BsAbs)
are
emerging
as
an
important
novel
class
of
immunotherapeutic
agents
for
the
treatment
multiple
myeloma
(MM),
and
set
to
be
more
widely
used
in
clinical
practice.
However,
this
new
therapies
is
associated
with
a
distinct
adverse
event
(AE)
profile
that
includes
cytokine
release
syndrome
immune
effector
cell-associated
neurotoxicity
syndrome,
well
AEs
leading
increased
infection
risk
such
cytopenias
hypogammaglobulinemia,
infections
themselves.
As
preliminary
data
shows
compared
conventional
MM
regimens,
immunomodulatory
drugs,
proteasome
inhibitors,
anti-CD38
monoclonal
(mAbs),
guidance
on
monitoring,
prophylaxis
required.
This
review
provides
consensus
recommendations
from
panel
13
global
experts,
following
meeting
August
2022.
The
objective
was
existing
literature
identify
relevant
information
all
BsAbs
patients
MM,
discuss
experience
experts
managing
these
infections.
outlined
here
can
guide
management
factors,
hypogammaglobulinemia
neutropenia.
In
addition,
they
prophylaxis,
bacterial,
viral
fungal
infections,
including
interest,
coronavirus
2019
(COVID-19),
use
vaccinations
prior
during
BsAb
treatment.
have
been
graded
by
based
level
available.
Key
include
universal
herpes
simplex
varicella
zoster
virus
screening
hepatitis
B
reactivation
patients,
monthly
intravenous
immunoglobulin
immunoparesis
absence
life-threatening
infectious
manifestations,
colony-stimulating
factors
Grade
3
neutropenia,
pneumocystis
jirovecii
pneumonia
no
routine
anti-fungal
prophylaxis.
Blood Cancer Discovery,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
4(6), С. 440 - 451
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023
Abstract
BCMA-targeted
bispecific
antibodies
(BiAb)
are
efficacious
in
relapsed/refractory
multiple
myeloma;
however,
serious
infections
have
emerged
as
important
toxicities.
In
this
retrospective
study,
we
characterized
all
and
their
risk
factors,
evaluated
the
impact
of
infection
prophylaxis
patients
treated
with
BiAbs.
Among
37
patients,
15
(41%)
experienced
a
grade
3–5
infection,
two
infection-related
deaths
during
deep
remissions.
Most
(84%)
occurred
disease
The
cumulative
probability
increased
over
time
no
plateau.
responders
(n
=
26),
profound
hypogammaglobulinemia
100%
continued
throughout
entire
duration
treatment.
During
periods
when
were
receiving
intravenous
immunoglobulin
(IVIg),
rate
was
90%
lower
than
observation
(incidence
ratio,
0.10;
95%
confidence
interval,
0.01–0.80;
P
0.0307).
No
other
factors
for
identified.
This
study
demonstrates
that
is
universal
BiAbs,
potentially
abrogating
most
risk.
Significance:
To
best
our
knowledge,
first
to
comprehensively
analyze
mitigation
strategies
prevent
myeloma
anti-BCMA
antibodies.
Profound
prolonged
among
responders,
while
replacement
associated
rates
infections.
See
related
commentary
by
Garfall
Stadtmauer,
p.
427
.
article
featured
Selected
Articles
from
Issue,
419
Seminars in Immunopathology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
45(4-6), С. 451 - 468
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2023
Severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
emerged
late
in
2019
and
caused
the
disease
(COVID-19)
pandemic
that
has
so
far
claimed
approximately
20
million
lives.
Vaccines
were
developed
quickly,
became
available
end
of
2020,
had
a
tremendous
impact
on
protection
from
SARS-CoV-2
mortality
but
with
emerging
variants
morbidity
was
diminished.
Here
I
review
what
we
learned
COVID-19
vaccinologist's
perspective.
Blood Cancer Journal,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(5)
Опубликована: Май 31, 2022
The
efficacy
of
SARS-CoV-2
vaccination
in
patients
with
hematological
malignancies
(HM)
appears
limited
due
to
disease
and
treatment-associated
immune
impairment.
We
conducted
a
systematic
review
prospective
studies
published
from
10/12/2021
onwards
medical
databases
assess
clinical
parameters,
humoral
cellular
immunogenicity
adverse
events
(AE)
following
two
doses
COVID-19
approved
vaccines.
In
57
eligible
reporting
7393
patients,
outcomes
were
rarely
reported
rates
infection
(range
0-11.9%),
symptomatic
(0-2.7%),
hospital
admission
(0-2.8%),
or
death
(0-0.5%)
low.
Seroconversion
ranged
38.1-99.1%
across
the
highest
response
rate
myeloproliferative
diseases
lowest
chronic
lymphocytic
leukemia.
Patients
B-cell
depleting
treatment
had
lower
seroconversion
as
compared
other
targeted
treatments
chemotherapy.
vaccine-induced
T-cell
was
heterogeneously
(26.5-85.9%).
Similarly,
AEs
(0-50.9%
≥1
AE,
0-7.5%
serious
AE).
conclusion,
HM
present
impaired
specific
patterns.
light
ongoing
pandemic
easing
mitigation
strategies,
new
approaches
avert
severe
are
urgently
needed
for
this
vulnerable
patient
population
that
responds
poorly
current
vaccine
regimens.
