Gut Microbiota Regulate Motor Deficits and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Cell, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 167(6), С. 1469 - 1480.e12

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease

Cell Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(6), С. 492 - 506

Опубликована: Май 20, 2020

Abstract The interplay between the commensal microbiota and mammalian immune system development function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis disease. microbiome plays critical roles training of major components host’s innate adaptive system, while orchestrates maintenance key features host-microbe symbiosis. In a genetically susceptible host, imbalances microbiota-immunity under defined environmental contexts are believed to contribute pathogenesis multitude immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review microbiome-immunity crosstalk their health disease, providing examples molecular mechanisms orchestrating these intestine extra-intestinal organs. We highlight aspects current knowledge, challenges limitations achieving causal understanding host immune-microbiome interactions, as well impact on diseases, discuss how insights may translate towards future microbiome-targeted therapeutic interventions.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020

A substantial body of evidence supports that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in regulation metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. In recent years, there has been growing recognition involvement modulation multiple neurochemical pathways through highly interconnected gut-brain axis. Although amazing scientific breakthroughs over last few years have expanded our knowledge on communication between microbes their hosts, underpinnings microbiota-gut-brain crosstalk remain to be determined. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), main metabolites produced colon by bacterial fermentation dietary fibers resistant starch, are speculated play key neuro-immunoendocrine regulation. However, underlying mechanisms which SCFAs might influence brain physiology behavior not fully elucidated. this review, we will outline current about interactions. We also highlight how development future treatments for central nervous system (CNS) disorders can take advantage intimate mutual interactions with exploring function.

Язык: Английский

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The Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 6(2), С. 133 - 148

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer: mechanisms of action and clinical applications

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 16(11), С. 690 - 704

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Sodium oligomannate therapeutically remodels gut microbiota and suppresses gut bacterial amino acids-shaped neuroinflammation to inhibit Alzheimer’s disease progression

Cell Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(10), С. 787 - 803

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2019

Recently, increasing evidence has suggested the association between gut dysbiosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, yet role of microbiota in AD pathogenesis remains obscure. Herein, we provide a potential mechanistic link neuroinflammation progression. Using mouse models, discovered that, during alteration composition leads to peripheral accumulation phenylalanine isoleucine, which stimulates differentiation proliferation pro-inflammatory T helper 1 (Th1) cells. The brain-infiltrated Th1 immune cells are associated with M1 microglia activation, contributing AD-associated neuroinflammation. Importantly, elevation isoleucine concentrations increase cell frequency blood were also observed two small independent cohorts patients mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due AD. Furthermore, GV-971, sodium oligomannate that demonstrated solid consistent cognition improvement phase 3 clinical trial China, suppresses phenylalanine/isoleucine accumulation, harnesses reverses impairment. Together, our findings highlight dysbiosis-promoted progression suggest novel strategy for therapy by remodelling microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Chemical transformation of xenobiotics by the human gut microbiota

Science, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 356(6344)

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2017

The human gut microbiota makes key contributions to the metabolism of ingested compounds (xenobiotics), transforming hundreds dietary components, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals into metabolites with altered activities, toxicities, lifetimes within body. chemistry microbial xenobiotic is often distinct from that host enzymes. Despite their important consequences for biology, microbes, genes, enzymes involved in are poorly understood. Linking these transformations elucidating biological effects undoubtedly challenging. However, recent studies demonstrate integrating traditional emerging technologies can enable progress toward this goal. Ultimately, a molecular understanding will guide personalized medicine nutrition, inform toxicology risk assessment, improve drug discovery development.

Язык: Английский

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The Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 58(1), С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Март 31, 2017

The gut microbiota comprises a complex community of microorganism species that resides in our gastrointestinal ecosystem and whose alterations influence not only various disorders but also central nervous system such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD, the most common form dementia, i s neurodegenerative disorder associated with impaired cognition cerebral accumulation amyloid-β peptides (Aβ). Most notably, microbiota-gut-brain axis is bidirectional communication fully understood, includes neural, immune, endocrine, metabolic pathways. Studies germ-free animals exposed to pathogenic microbial infections, antibiotics, probiotics, or fecal transplantation suggest role for host AD-related pathogenesis. increased permeability blood-brain barrier induced by dysbiosis may mediate affect AD pathogenesis other disorders, especially those aging. In addition, bacteria populating can secrete large amounts amyloids lipopolysaccharides, which might contribute modulation signaling pathways production proinflammatory cytokines AD. Moreover, imbalances induce inflammation obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, purpose this review summarize discuss current findings elucidate development Understanding underlying mechanisms provide new insights into novel therapeutic strategies

Язык: Английский

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Microbiota-Brain-Gut Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 17(12)

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome Influences Prenatal and Adult Microglia in a Sex-Specific Manner

Cell, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 172(3), С. 500 - 516.e16

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2017

Microglia are embryonically seeded macrophages that contribute to brain development, homeostasis, and pathologies. It is thus essential decipher how microglial properties temporally regulated by intrinsic extrinsic factors, such as sexual identity the microbiome. Here, we found microglia undergo differentiation phases, discernable transcriptomic signatures chromatin accessibility landscapes, which can diverge in adult males females. Remarkably, absence of microbiome germ-free mice had a time sexually dimorphic impact both prenatally postnatally: were more profoundly perturbed male embryos female adults. Antibiotic treatment triggered biased responses revealing acute long-term effects microbiota depletion. Finally, human fetal exhibited significant overlap with murine signature. Our study shows respond environmental challenges sex- time-dependent manner from prenatal stages, major implications for our understanding contributions health disease.

Язык: Английский

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