Immune surveillance of cytomegalovirus in tissues

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(9), С. 959 - 981

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a representative member of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily herpesviruses, is common in human population, but immunocompetent individuals are generally asymptomatic when infected with this virus. However, immunocompromised and immunologically immature fetuses newborns, CMV can cause wide range often long-lasting morbidities even death. not only widespread throughout population it also its hosts, infecting establishing latency nearly all tissues organs. Thus, understanding pathogenesis immune responses to virus prerequisite for developing effective prevention treatment strategies. Multiple arms system engaged contain infection, general concepts control now reasonably well understood. Nonetheless, recent years, tissue-specific have emerged as an essential factor resolving infection. As differ biology function, so do pathological processes during This review discusses state-of-the-art knowledge response infection tissues, particular emphasis on several well-studied most commonly affected

Язык: Английский

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A vaccine against cytomegalovirus: how close are we?

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 135(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The pursuit of a vaccine against the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been ongoing for more than 50 years. HCMV is leading infectious cause birth defects, including damage to brain, and common complications in organ transplantation. complex biology made development difficult, but recent meeting sponsored by National Institute Allergy Infectious Diseases September 2023 brought together experts from academia, industry, federal agencies discuss progress field. reviewed status candidate vaccines under study challenges clinical trial design demonstrating efficacy congenital CMV infection or reduction disease following solid transplantation hematopoietic stem cell Discussion revealed that, with numerous that are study, it clear safe effective within reach. Meeting attendees achieved consensus opinion even partially would have major effect on global health consequences infection.

Язык: Английский

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Proceedings of the Conference “CMV Vaccine Development—How Close Are We?” (27–28 September 2023)

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(11), С. 1231 - 1231

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common infectious cause of disability in children, including sensorineural hearing loss. There interest developing a pre-conception vaccine that could confer protective immunity on woman child-bearing age, hence resulting reduced cCMV disease burden. Other populations, solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell (HSCT) patients, also benefit from CMV vaccination. To review discuss vaccines are clinical development, workshop, sponsored by National Institutes Health (NIH) Institute Allergy Infectious Diseases (NIAID), was empaneled. At this correlates against CMV, epidemiologic features transmission, platforms development were reviewed. Representatives academia, pharma, NIH engaged discussion current state-of-the-art vaccinology. A summary presentations provided report.

Язык: Английский

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The guinea pig as a relevant preclinical model in the rat race for a vaccine against congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 610, С. 110560 - 110560

Опубликована: Май 6, 2025

Язык: Английский

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T cell inducing vaccine against cytomegalovirus immediate early 1 (IE1) protein provides high level cross strain protection against congenital CMV

Vaccine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 42(26), С. 126357 - 126357

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells are required for protection against severe guinea pig cytomegalovirus infections

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(11), С. e1012515 - e1012515

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2024

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus and the leading cause of infectious disease related birth defects worldwide. How immune response modulates risk intrauterine transmission HCMV after maternal infection remains poorly understood. Maternal T cells likely play critical role in preventing at maternal-fetal interface limiting spread across placenta, but concerns exist that responses to may also placental dysfunction adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study investigated CD4 + CD8 guinea pig model primary infection. Monoclonal antibodies specific were used deplete non-pregnant pregnant pigs mid-gestation. cell depletion increased severity illness, caused significantly elevated viral loads, rate congenital (GPCMV) relative animals treated with control antibody. was comparably well tolerated did not affect weight infected or loads their blood tissue. However, more genomes transcripts detected placenta decidua depleted dams post-infection. corroborates earlier findings made nonhuman primates CMV during while revealing other innate adaptive can compensate for an absent α-CD8-treated pigs.

Язык: Английский

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CD4⁺but not CD8⁺T cells are required for protection against severe guinea pig cytomegalovirus infections

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

Abstract Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus and the leading cause of infectious disease related birth defects worldwide. How immune response modulates risk intrauterine transmission HCMV after maternal infection remains poorly understood. Maternal T cells likely play critical role in preventing at maternal-fetal interface limiting spread across placenta, but concerns exist that responses to may also placental dysfunction adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study investigated CD4 + CD8 guinea pig model primary infection. Monoclonal antibodies specific were used deplete non- pregnant pigs mid-gestation. cell depletion increased severity illness, caused significantly elevated viral loads, rate congenital (GPCMV) relative animals treated with control antibody. was comparably well tolerated did not affect weight infected or loads their blood tissue. However, more genomes transcripts detected placenta decidua depleted dams post-infection. corroborates earlier findings made nonhuman primates CMV during while revealing other innate adaptive can compensate for an absent α-CD8-treated pigs. Author Summary Congenital outcomes preventable disability children. Using pigs, well-established small animal development, this tested how depleting affects course infections. Severe illness high rates observed when helper depleted. The killer increase amount virus placenta. A greater understanding prevent developing offspring needed inform vaccine therapeutic development. only describes new reagent be system sheds light immunity regulates

Язык: Английский

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Decidualization-associated recruitment of cytotoxic memory CD8+T cells to the maternal-fetal interface for immune defense

Mucosal Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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