Radiation Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
202(5)
Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2024
The
repair
of
DNA
double-strand
breaks
(DSBs)
through
homologous
recombination
(HR)
is
vital
for
maintaining
the
stability
and
integrity
genome.
RNA
binding
proteins
(RBPs)
intricately
regulate
damage
process,
yet
precise
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
their
function
remain
incompletely
understood.
In
this
study,
we
highlight
pivotal
role
RPS15,
a
representative
RBP,
in
repair.
Specifically,
demonstrate
that
RPS15
promotes
end
resection,
crucial
step
recombination.
Notably,
identify
an
interaction
between
CtIP,
key
factor
This
essential
CtIP
recruitment
to
DSB
sites,
subsequent
RPA
coating,
RAD51
replacement,
all
critical
steps
efficient
conferring
resistance
genotoxic
treatments.
Functionally,
suppressing
expression
sensitizes
cancer
cells
X-ray
radiation
enhances
therapeutic
synergistic
effect
PARP1
inhibitors
breast
cells.
summary,
our
findings
reveal
resection
ensure
effective
repair,
suggesting
its
potential
as
target
treatment.
Genes & Development,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024
Genome
integrity
relies
on
the
accuracy
of
DNA
metabolism,
but
as
appreciated
for
more
than
four
decades,
transcription
enhances
mutation
and
recombination
frequencies.
More
recent
research
provided
evidence
a
previously
unforeseen
link
between
RNA
which
is
often
related
to
accumulation
DNA–RNA
hybrids
R-loops.
In
addition
physiological
roles,
R-loops
interfere
with
replication
repair,
providing
molecular
scenario
origin
genome
instability.
Here,
we
review
current
knowledge
multiple
factors
that
prevent
or
resolve
consequent
transcription–replication
conflicts
thus
act
modulators
dynamics.
Current Opinion in Cell Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
90, С. 102405 - 102405
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024
The
substrate
for
the
repair
of
DNA
damage
in
living
cells
is
not
but
chromatin.
Chromatin
bears
a
range
modifications,
which
turn
bind
ligands
that
compact
or
open
chromatin
structure,
and
determine
its
spatial
organization
within
nucleus.
In
some
cases,
RNA
form
RNA:DNA
hybrids
R-loops
modulates
accessibility.
Each
these
parameters
can
favor
particular
pathways
repair.
nucleosome
remodelers
are
key
regulators
number
remodeling
complexes
implicated
We
cover
novel
insights
into
impact
nuclear
organization,
R-loop
formation,
actin,
double-strand
break
repair,
focusing
on
factors
alter
functional
upon
ablation.
Cancer Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
115(11), С. 3506 - 3519
Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2024
Abstract
The
fundamental
role
of
cells
in
safeguarding
the
genome's
integrity
against
DNA
double‐strand
breaks
(DSBs)
is
crucial
for
maintaining
chromatin
homeostasis
and
overall
genomic
stability.
Aberrant
responses
to
damage,
known
as
damage
(DDRs),
can
result
instability
contribute
significantly
tumorigenesis.
Unraveling
intricate
mechanisms
underlying
DDRs
following
severe
holds
key
identify
therapeutic
targets
cancer.
Chromatin
lysine
acylation,
encompassing
diverse
modifications
such
acetylation,
lactylation,
crotonylation,
succinylation,
malonylation,
glutarylation,
propionylation,
butyrylation,
has
been
extensively
studied
context
homeostasis.
Here,
we
delve
into
modifying
enzymes
pivotal
roles
acylation
their
crosstalk
genome
response
DDRs.
Moreover,
offer
a
comprehensive
perspective
overview
latest
insights,
driven
primarily
by
modification
associated
regulators.
Molecular Biomedicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024
Abstract
Transcription,
RNA
splicing,
translation,
and
post-translational
protein
modification
are
fundamental
processes
of
gene
expression.
Epigenetic
modifications,
such
as
DNA
methylation,
play
a
crucial
role
in
regulating
The
methyltransferase-like
(METTL)
family,
constituent
the
7-β-strand
(7BS)
methyltransferase
subfamily,
is
broadly
distributed
across
cell
nucleus,
cytoplasm,
mitochondria.
Members
METTL
through
their
S-adenosyl
methionine
(SAM)
binding
domain,
can
transfer
methyl
groups
to
DNA,
RNA,
or
proteins,
thereby
impacting
replication,
transcription,
mRNA
participate
maintenance
normal
function
promote
disease
development.
This
review
primarily
examines
involvement
family
differentiation,
mitochondrial
function,
its
association
with
tumor
formation,
nervous
system,
cardiovascular
diseases.
Notably,
intricately
linked
cellular
particularly
regulation
translation
factors.
represent
important
molecules
development
associated
patient
immunity
tolerance
radiotherapy
chemotherapy.
Moreover,
future
research
directions
could
include
drugs
antibodies
targeting
structural
domains,
utilizing
nanomaterials
carry
miRNA
corresponding
mRNA.
Additionally,
precise
mechanisms
underlying
interactions
between
factors
remain
be
clarified.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
R-loops
are
three-stranded
non-canonical
nucleic
acid
structures
composed
of
nascent
RNA
hybridized
with
the
template
DNA
strand,
leaving
non-template
strand
displaced.
These
play
crucial
roles
in
regulating
gene
expression,
replication,
and
transcription
processes.
However,
have
also
been
increasingly
described
as
highly
deleterious,
causing
genomic
instability
damage.
To
maintain
at
a
relatively
safe
level,
complex
regulatory
mechanisms
exist
to
prevent
their
excessive
formation.
The
growing
understanding
R-loop
functions
has
provided
valuable
insights
into
structure
potential
clinical
applications.
Emerging
research
indicates
that
contribute
pathogenesis
various
disorders,
including
neurodegenerative,
immune-related,
neoplastic
diseases.
This
review
summarizes
metabolism
its
significance
etiology
associated
disorders.
By
elucidating
governing
R-loops,
we
aim
establish
theoretical
foundation
for
disease
exploring
novel
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
these
hybrid
structures.
