Association between gut microbiota and anxiety disorders: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study

BMC Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Май 27, 2024

Abstract Background There are many articles reporting that the component of intestinal microbiota implies a link to anxiety disorders (AD), and brain-gut axis is also hot topic in current research. However, specific relevance between gut AD uncertain. We aimed investigate causal relationship by using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Genetic instrumental variable (IV) for were obtained from genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 18,340 participants. Summary data derived GWAS included 158,565 cases 300,995 controls. applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as main analysis. Cochran’s Q values was computed evaluate heterogeneity among IVs. Sensitivity analyses including intercept MR-Egger MR-PRESSO analysis used test horizontal pleiotropy. Result discovered 9 potential connections bacterial traits on genus level AD. Utilizing IVW method, we identified 5 genera exhibited direct correlation with risk AD: Eubacteriumbrachygroup , Coprococcus3 Enterorhabdus Oxalobacter Ruminiclostridium6 . Additionally, found 4 negative Blautia Butyricicoccus Erysipelotrichaceae-UCG003 Parasutterella The associations confirmed sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Our relation parts Further randomized controlled trials crucial elucidate positive effects probiotics their particular protection systems.

Язык: Английский

---

Angst und Depression bei Jugendlichen

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 67(4), С. 374 - 382

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Zusammenfassung Ängste und Depressionen bei Jugendlichen haben schon in den Jahren vor der COVID-19-Pandemie zugenommen dann im Pandemiegeschehen noch einmal eine deutliche Steigerung erfahren. In diesem Artikel werden die unterschiedlichen klinischen Ausdrucksformen dieser emotionalen Syndrome detailliert dargestellt auch Entwicklungswege einer Kombination beider Störungen expliziert. Auch subklinische Formen von Angst Depression klinische Auswirkungen beeinträchtigen Entwicklungsaufgaben Adoleszenz. Die „avolitionale Depression“ (Depression mit schweren Antriebsstörungen) wird als Sonderform erwähnt. Pathogenetische Bausteine – genetischen Vulnerabilität bis zu psychosozialen Belastungsfaktoren kommen Licht Tatsache zur Diskussion, dass beim weiblichen Geschlecht Jugendalter etwa doppelt so häufig auftreten wie männlichen. Einbettung das aktuelle Zeitgeschehen zeigt besondere Bedeutung selbstreflexiven Emotion „Scham“ jugendlichen Entwicklungsprozess. Vor Verknappung Dysfunktionalität des Dialogs zwischen wichtigen Bezugspersonen Kindern muss gewarnt werden. Dessen Rolle für Selbst- Affektregulation ist nicht unterschätzen. Den Abschluss bildet Übersicht über wichtigsten therapeutischen Maßnahmen Ängsten Jugendalter.

---

Ethnic, socioeconomic, and demographic determinants of generalized anxiety disorder and fear of COVID-19 among teenagers in California, United States: a cross-sectional analysis

Frontiers in Education, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Background and objective The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted mental health globally, leading to increased levels of anxiety fear. Although it is well known that socioeconomic factors ethnicity play a role in outcomes, the intersectional effects these determinants during are unclear, especially among adolescents. Thus, this study sought explore relationship between factors, ethnicity, two parameters—fear (FCV) generalized disorder (GAD)—among high school students California, United States. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed with 990 school-aged participants from San Joaquin Valley Santa Clara County, recruited via convenience/snowball sampling using an online questionnaire 15 June 14 August 2022. Fear Coronavirus Scale (FCV-19S) Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used measure fear anxiety, respectively. Results results reveal significant associations status (i.e., family income), FCV-19S GAD-7 scores. Severe GAD FCV reported 9.8% ( n = 97) 8.38% 83) participants. Black significantly higher F 6.867, p < 0.001) 17.066, <0.001) than their counterparts Additionally, girls exhibited scores t 2.960, 0.003, CI 0.23–1.15) 3.619, 0.001, 0.40–1.37) boys. Furthermore, strong positive correlation r 0.702, 0.001). Conclusion This suggests gender, linked teenagers pandemic. These findings underscore importance considering social when addressing psychological impact on teenagers, particularly for vulnerable populations.

Язык: Английский

---

Racial Discrimination and Anxiety in African American Youth: Risk, Resilience, and Intervention

Journal of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100115 - 100115

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

The Alongside Digital Mental Health Program for Teens: A Pilot Evaluation (Preprint)

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Youth are increasingly experiencing psychological distress. Schools ideal settings for disseminating mental health support, but they often insufficiently resourced to do so. Digital tools represent a unique avenue address this gap. The Alongside digital program is one such tool, intended as universal prevention and early intervention. platform includes social-emotional learning self-help wellness features well an AI-powered chatbot designed build coping skills. This evaluation aimed examine the near-term impact of app usage on students’ self-reported outcomes. We conducted non-randomized pilot pragmatic leveraging anonymized user data. All data came from current users attending public middle high schools in Texas New Mexico, between 10-18 years old. were actively engaged partnership with approved all procedures. Users asked complete questionnaires upon registration at one-month three-months post-registration. pre-registered analyses exploratory determine how symptoms changed over time what factors (e.g., demographic, usage) predicted changes Analyses revealed statistically significant within-person decreases overall distress (YP-CORE; primary outcome) baseline small effect size (t(42) = 2.21, p 0.03, r 0.34); however, there was no evidence that scores significantly decreased (W 1821, n 85, 0.16). found three-months, identifying part LGBTQ+ community greater distress; otherwise demographic predictors. In non-registered analysis subsample who reported elevated baseline, seen both 128, 20, 0.02, 0.52) 682, 42, 0.004, 0.45). There may be short-term benefits associated using program. Further studies required potential preventative effects. https://osf.io/m8t6k

Язык: Английский

---

Preclinical Behavioral and Pharmacological Treatments for Enhancing Fear Extinction in Adolescence

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106090 - 106090

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Adolescence is a window of vulnerability for the development anxiety disorders but also opportunity treatments to minimize long-term impact such disorders. Current first-line treatments, primarily exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), have limited efficacy in adolescents. The urgent need more effective interventions underscored by frequent reports extinction impairments adolescents as well rising rates youth, particularly post-COVID-19. Preclinical research on learned fear may contribute developing better treatment approaches this age group. Unfortunately, still largely under-explored area. However, both pharmacological and behavioral augmentation strategies can be used enhance learning consolidation. Here we describe work exploring adjuncts, focusing pre-clinical with rodents. Much date shows striking developmental differences response various only few shown Further, recent experience stress reduces these adolescence. This review highlights necessity tailored strategies, especially when it comes that address drug responses stressful experiences efficacy.

Язык: Английский

---

Prevalence, spectrum, and the relations between short-term and long-term post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in children

Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 102(1), С. 43 - 61

Опубликована: Март 30, 2025

Background. Data on the prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) in children differ due to lack specific diagnostic criteria, reliable biomarkers, and limitations many studies. It is important study association between PCC, previous functional disorders, any events post-acute period COVID-19 estimate true burden PCC children. The aim. To determine relation initial disorders during year after a mild form acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) other etiologies. Materials methods. prospective using continuous sampling method included under 18 years age hospitalized with suspected COVID-19, whom was confirmed by RT-PCR (n = 121) or excluded molecular serological methods (ARTI group, n 105). Information patients collected from September 2020 December 2021 questionnaires at index points: hospital discharge 1, 3, 6 12 months. Severe chronic diseases were excluded. Functional anamnesis associated health observation, severity symptoms taken into account. analysis performed groups ≥ age. Symptoms grouped clusters. Results. Any identified frequency 32–39% (in ≥6 years, respectively). most common psycho-emotional, autonomic dysfunction (AD) cluster. cases duration 3–6 After adjustment for age, AD history recurrent ARTI episodes, no difference found symptom clusters except hyposmia, incidence which decreased 14.3% first point 2.4% one year. Among without an year, de novo rare phenomenon (2.7–8.0%) differences controls. risks significantly increased (adjusted OR 1 month 3.19 (95% CI 1.89–5.38), months 3.33 1.81–6.15)). Multiple (5–25) persistent (at all points) rated as significant occurred rarely (1.7% 0.4–4.9)), but more often — 25%) 95% 13.6–39.6%) (difference 23.3% (10.9–35.7%), 14.8 (4.4–50.6), p 0.001). Recurrent episodes risk factor increase cognitive cluster complaints vagotonic observation. Conclusion. results obtained indirectly support concept that somatoform disorder, probably sociogenic nature, who are anxious baseline. Some consequences really need medical psychosocial rehabilitation. provides new insights widespread viral infections.

Язык: Английский

---

Student anxiety in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2024

Meta-analyses of the pertaining literature have shown that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in youth particularly students is a prevalent syndrome mental health issues identified 2022, wake COVID-19 pandemic, by World Health Organization and other national organizations such as Santé Publique France.This study, performed between 2022 2023, offers pinhole view student post-COVID-19 context at French University.A sample population 80 undergraduate medical within age range from 18 to 24 years was tested for GAD survey using an online version Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A).The total test scores indicate prevalence severe very 36% population, which consistent with results studies on larger populations countries.Further statistical analyses reveal significantly higher number psychological symptoms comparison somatic GAD.The reasons why, under light findings placed current societal context, needs be addressed terms problem beyond immediate consequences pandemic are discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Longitudinal prediction of primary school children’s COVID-related future anxiety in the second year of the pandemic in Germany

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(5), С. e0302065 - e0302065

Опубликована: Май 8, 2024

Although research has confirmed that the first COVID-19-related lockdown increased stress and mental health problems in children, less is known about longer-term effects of pandemic on children's COVID-related future anxiety (CRFA). Because CRFA's potentially debilitating effects, risk resilience factors against this were investigated. To end, n = 140 children (49% female) 3rd 4th grade classrooms Germany asked to perform a working memory task self-report their CRFA emotion regulation December 2020 May 2021. More maladaptive contributed explanation high score 2021, whereas better performance updating lower later when controls place. These results was included prediction CRFA. They suggest strategies regulation, such as rumination, may explain higher or increasing levels CRFA, efficient be an indicator processing information way which shields from CRFA-related thoughts. The concepts underlying these variables should prevention intervention efforts.

Язык: Английский

---

Dynamic changes and future trend predictions of the global burden of anxiety disorders: analysis of 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021 and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 79, С. 103014 - 103014

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024

Язык: Английский

---