Catalytic Strategies and Mechanism Analysis Orbiting the Center of Critical Intermediates in Lignin Depolymerization

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 123(8), С. 4510 - 4601

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023

Lignin, as a precious resource given to mankind by nature with abundant functional aromatic structures, has drawn much attention in the recent decade from academia industry worldwide, aiming at harvesting compounds this and renewable natural polymer resource. How efficiently depolymerize lignin easy-to-handle monomers is precondition of utilization. Many strategies/methods have been developed effectively degrade into monomers, such traditional methods pyrolysis, gasification, liquid-phase reforming, solvolysis, chemical oxidation, hydrogenation, reduction, acidolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, alcoholysis, well newly redox-neutral process, biocatalysis, combinatorial strategies. Therefore, there strong demand systemically summarize these strategies reveal internal transformation principles lignin. Focusing on topic depolymerization chemicals, review reorganizes categorizes according their mechanisms, orbiting center critical intermediates during linkage transformation, which includes anionic intermediates, cationic organometallic organic molecular aryl cation radical neutral intermediates. The corresponding introduction involves generation chemistry via C-H/O-H/C-C/C-O bond transformations, leading cleavage C-C/C-O bonds. Accompanying brief final concluding remarks perspectives depolymerization, aims provide current research process may useful suggestions for vigorous field.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrogenative Degradation of Polystyrene Waste

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Owing to massive production and poor end-of-life management, plastic waste pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental crises. In response mounting crisis, past several decades have witnessed development numerous methods technologies for recycling. However, current recycling often produce low-quality or low-value products, making it difficult recover operating costs. To this end, we report a novel preoxygenation-induced strategy nitrogenative degradation real-life polystyrene plastics into high-value aromatic nitrogen compounds in cost-effective manner. Thus, expensive highly demanding benzonitrile as well benzamide were obtained up 74% overall isolated yield from by using CuBr catalyst, O2 oxidant, CH3CN source. Detailed mechanistic investigations indicate that hydroxyl radicals activation play role selective aerobic process. Furthermore, multiple reaction pathways contribute formation benzamide.

Язык: Английский

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Accessing monomers from lignin through carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Nature Reviews Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass to aromatics over bifunctional Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts assembled on rice husk-derived silica platform

Chem Catalysis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(4), С. 100958 - 100958

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Closed-loop recyclable polymers: from monomer and polymer design to the polymerization–depolymerization cycle

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(19), С. 9609 - 9651

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

We present the state-of-the-art of circular polymers based on monomer and polymer design reversible ring-opening addition polymerization reactions without involvement other reactants.

Язык: Английский

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Tandem engineering for CO2 electrolysis toward multicarbon products

Nano Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(7), С. 8670 - 8683

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Selective activation of C C bonds in lignin model compounds and lignin for production of value-added chemicals

Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(4), С. 433 - 464

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2024

Lignin is a rich renewable aromatic resource that can produce high-value-added chemicals. regarded as one of the three major components lignocellulosic biomass, which composed phenylpropane units connected by C-O bond and C-C bond. The cleavage two chemical bonds main catalytic pathway in production chemicals fuels from lignin. Although converts lignin into valuable compounds carbon sources, selective depolymerization for an important method to increase yield monomers. Therefore, this review, we summarized latest research trends on model compounds, focusing various systems, including hydrogenolysis, oxidate, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis. By analyzing current status breakage, core issues challenges related process expectations future were emphasized.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Progress in Electrochemical Conversion from Biomass Derivatives into High‐Value‐Added Chemicals

Small Structures, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Selective and efficient electrochemical conversion of cheap abundant biomass derivatives into high‐value‐added products can provide a way to store large‐scale renewable intermittent energy such as wind energy, solar etc. Although large amount research is devoted developing highly catalysts or disclosing the reaction processes, there are always challenges rate selectivity, relevant comprehensive in‐depth discussion relatively scarce. This review introduces basic principles processes from charge transfer pathway conversion. Then, for design anode, representative work summarized discussed in detail point view material adjustment, theoretical calculations, situ characterizations. Finally, insights further optimization systems put forward. It believed that this provides guidance selection, design, application materials organic synthesis.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative cleavage and ammoxidation of organosulfur compounds via synergistic Co-Nx sites and Co nanoparticles catalysis

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 24, 2023

The cleavage and functionalization of C-S bonds have become a rapidly growing field for the design or discovery new transformations. However, it is usually difficult to achieve in direct selective fashion due intrinsic inertness catalyst-poisonous character. Herein, first time, we report novel efficient protocol that enables oxidative cyanation organosulfur compounds by heterogeneous nonprecious-metal Co-N-C catalyst comprising graphene encapsulated Co nanoparticles Co-Nx sites using oxygen as environmentally benign oxidant ammonia nitrogen source. A wide variety thiols, sulfides, sulfoxides, sulfones, sulfonamides, sulfonyl chlorides are viable this reaction, enabling access diverse nitriles under cyanide-free conditions. Moreover, modifying reaction conditions also allows amidation deliver amides. This features excellent functional group tolerance, facile scalability, cost-effective recyclable catalyst, broad substrate scope. Characterization mechanistic studies reveal remarkable effectiveness synergistic catalysis crucial achieving outstanding catalytic performance.

Язык: Английский

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Tailoring morphology of MgO catalyst for the enhanced coupling reaction of CO2 and glycerol to glycerol carbonate

Fuel, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 335, С. 126972 - 126972

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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