Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

The Lancet, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 403(10431), С. 1027 - 1050

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Summary

Background

Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated individual combined prevalence of underweight or thinness obesity, their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults school-aged children adolescents in 200 countries territories.

Methods

used data 3663 population-based studies 222 million participants that measured height weight representative samples general population. a Bayesian hierarchical model estimate trends different BMI categories, separately (age ≥20 years) 5–19 years), For adults, we report (BMI <18·5 kg/m²) ≥30 kg/m²). adolescents, <2 SD below median WHO growth reference) >2 above median).

Findings

From 2022, decreased 11 (6%) women 17 (9%) men posterior probability at least 0·80 observed changes were true decreases. The increased 162 (81%) 140 (70%) 0·80. In was highest island nations Caribbean Polynesia Micronesia, Middle East north Africa. Obesity higher than 177 (89%) 145 (73%) whereas converse 16 (8%) women, 39 (20%) men. among girls five (3%) boys 15 0·80, 137 (69%) Micronesia both sexes, Chile Qatar boys. Combined also high some south Asia, such as India Pakistan, where remained prevalent despite having declined. more 133 (67%) 125 (63%), 35 (18%) 42 (21%), respectively. almost all increases double burden driven by decreases declining thinness.

Interpretation

has most countries, an increase while remain Asia parts A healthy nutrition transition enhances access nutritious foods is needed address remaining curbing reversing obesity.

Funding

UK Medical Research Council, Innovation (Research England), (Innovate UK), European Union.

Язык: Английский

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Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1), С. 175 - 175

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2023

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease death. Understanding the risk factors is relevant both in setting at epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview host, viral environmental that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized be associated with outcomes. considered detail include age frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, lifestyle patient; variation infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; air pollution. For each category, compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for association factor outcomes (including strength effect) outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss complex interactions between various factors.

Язык: Английский

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The 2025 report of the Lancet Countdown to 2030 for women's, children's, and adolescents' health: tracking progress on health and nutrition

The Lancet, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Consumer experiences of food environments during the Covid-19 pandemic: Global insights from a rapid online survey of individuals from 119 countries

Global Food Security, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 32, С. 100594 - 100594

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2021

This study investigates consumer experiences of food environments and acquisition practices during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our rapid assessment online survey featured a convenience sample 2015 individuals from 119 countries, spanning Western Europe, North America, Latin Asia-Pacific, Africa. Data collection took place in April 2020 second month Participants were recruited via existing networks United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition, through social media, by snowballing. The majority participants female (71.9%), low- middle-income countries (51.0%), working nutrition or healthcare (39.3%). Qualitative thematic analysis descriptive statistics reveal series common global related to availability accessibility, prices affordability, practices, preparation consumption. importance community participation, sharing, resource allocation are highlighted, along with increasing awareness healthy diets waste. We identify ten synergistic policy entry points to: 1) build resilient equitable resistant stresses shocks; 2) harness positive dietary-related behaviors manifested pandemic; and, 3) mitigate projected crisis promote sustainable for all.

Язык: Английский

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Alcohol Consumption and Smoking During Covid-19 Pandemic: Association with Sociodemographic, Behavioral, and Mental Health Characteristics

Journal of Community Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 47(4), С. 588 - 597

Опубликована: Март 25, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Rural Food Security in High Income Countries: A Systematic Literature Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(6), С. 3235 - 3235

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, rural-dwelling people in high-income countries were known have greater challenges accessing healthy food than their urban counterparts. The pandemic has impacted supplies across world, and public health restrictions changed way shop for food, potentially exacerbating insecurity. This systematic literature review aimed synthesize available evidence on impact of aspects insecurity rural populations residing countries. Five electronic databases searched, identifying 22 articles that assessed prevalence or data availability, access, utilization stability supply during pandemic. Ten studies examined populations, with reported ranging from 15% 95%. Where rural/urban comparisons presented, most (

Язык: Английский

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Perceived effects of COVID-19 restrictions on smallholder farmers: Evidence from seven lower- and middle-income countries

Agricultural Systems, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 198, С. 103367 - 103367

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 market disruptions and food security: Evidence from households in rural Liberia and Malawi

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(8), С. e0271488 - e0271488

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022

We use data collected from panel phone surveys to document the changes in food security of households rural Liberia and Malawi during market disruptions associated with COVID-19 lockdowns 2020. two distinct empirical approaches our analysis: (a) an event study around date (March July 2020), (b) a difference-in-differences analysis comparing lockdown period 2020 same months 2021, order attempt control for seasonality. In both countries, activity was severely disrupted we observe declines expenditures. However, find no evidence security.

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable transformation agenda for enhanced global food and nutrition security: a narrative review

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2023

The world’s population is currently growing at an exponential rate, which estimated to be over 8 billion inhabitants as reported by United Nations on November 15, 2022. According FAO, 870 million people out of this do not have enough food eat, with the vast majority hungry (98%) living in developing countries, where almost 15% undernourished. Furthermore, come 9 2050, would incur severe scarcity and seriously hamper global security. Food losses, especially post-harvest loss a result poor agricultural practices also been greatly impact economy, environment, livelihoods low medium countries Sub-Saharan-African. Therefore, realistic options should established for promoting sustainable agriculture systems, improving nutrition, achieving security end hunger our nations. This paper elucidates drivers insecurity including escalating growth, hunger, production, among others, provided some transformation approaches such value addition through appropriate emerging processing preservation techniques, application biotechnological genetically modified foods functional consumption integration indigenous underutilized nutrient-dense crops could serve all-inclusive enhanced nutrition security, burden prevalence malnutrition non-communicable diseases are high.

Язык: Английский

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The role of industry 4.0 in advancing sustainability development: A focus review in the United Arab Emirates

Cleaner Engineering and Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18, С. 100708 - 100708

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

In recent years, the widespread adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies has significantly enhanced sustainability performance and addressed environmental concerns for companies. These advanced are crucial in driving reshaping organizational processes. This study investigates relationship between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically focusing on United Arab Emirates (UAE). The research is considered significant novel because its potential to address challenges, foster sustainable economic growth, guide policy decisions, promote innovation, bridge knowledge gaps field. A systematic literature review was conducted utilizing Scopus database achieve these objectives. process involved defining relevant selection criteria such as SDG1 SDG17 Big Data Internet Things (IoT), reviewing 138 articles, employing appropriate analysis methods, including bibliometric concatenate function. Various visualizations were used present outcomes effectively. categorized SDGs into three levels: 17 Goals, 169 Targets, 241 Indicators, 6 Design Principles, 9 Technologies, 37 Enablers. By analyzing publications, identified most least utilized UAE context. It discovered that addressing UAE's food security aligns with SDG 14: Life Below Water, given country's abundant natural resources. highlights key areas concern emphasizes interconnection technologies, offering valuable insights future investigations. Moreover, findings benefit researchers interested exploring specific applications within scope study. aids understanding leveraging role SDGs.

Язык: Английский

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