β-Adrenergic Receptors and Adipose Tissue Metabolism: Evolution of an Old Story

Annual Review of Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 84(1), С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2022

The role of β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) in adipose tissue to promote lipolysis and the release fatty acids nonshivering thermogenesis brown fat has been studied for so many decades that one would think there is nothing left discover. With rediscovery humans renewed interest UCP1 uncoupled mitochondrial respiration, it seems a review as an organ, pivotal observations, investigators who made them be instructive understanding where field stands now. discovery β 3 -adrenergic receptor was important accurately defining pharmacology adipocyte, while clinical targeting this obesity metabolic disease had its highs lows. Many questions still remain about how βARs regulate adipocyte metabolism signaling molecules through which they do it.

Язык: Английский

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Of mice and men: Pinpointing species differences in adipose tissue biology

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

The prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases continues to rise, which has led an increased interest in studying adipose tissue elucidate underlying disease mechanisms. use genetic mouse models been critical for understanding the role specific genes function tissue’s impact on other organs. However, displays key differences human fat, led, some cases, emergence confounding concepts field. Such include depot-specific characteristics visceral subcutaneous divergences thermogenic fat phenotype between species. Adipose may therefore not always be directly compared species, is important consider when setting up new studies or interpreting results. This mini review outlines our current knowledge about cell biological adipocytes depots, highlighting examples where inadequate species-specific can lead results, presenting plausible anatomic explanations that underlie differences. article thus provides insights guidance researchers working primarily with only tissue, contribute ideas evolving field biology.

Язык: Английский

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Many Ways to Rome: Exercise, Cold Exposure and Diet—Do They All Affect BAT Activation and WAT Browning in the Same Manner?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(9), С. 4759 - 4759

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2022

The discovery of functional brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans and the possibility to recruit beige cells with high thermogenic potential within white (WAT) depots opened field for new strategies combat obesity its associated comorbidities. Exercise training as well cold exposure dietary components are enhanced accumulation metabolically-active adipocytes BAT activation. Both activated increase their metabolic rate by utilizing lipids generate heat via non-shivering thermogenesis, which is dependent on uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) inner mitochondrial membrane. Non-shivering thermogenesis elevates energy expenditure promotes a negative balance, may ameliorate complications Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) such insulin resistance (IR) skeletal muscle tissue. Despite recent advances pharmacological approaches reduce IR inducing WAT, administered compounds often unwanted side effects. Therefore, lifestyle interventions exercise, exposure, and/or specified regimens present promising anchor points future disease prevention treatment T2DM. exact mechanisms where interventions, treatments converge or rather diverge specific impact activation WAT browning difficult determine. In past, many reviews have demonstrated mechanistic principles exercise- cold-induced browning. this review, we aim summarize not only current state knowledge various diverse external stimuli browning, but also translational clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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The metabolic and functional roles of sensory nerves in adipose tissues

Nature Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(9), С. 1461 - 1474

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Genetic evidence for involvement of β2-adrenergic receptor in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in humans

International Journal of Obesity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 48(8), С. 1110 - 1117

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Sympathetic activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis can ameliorate obesity and related metabolic abnormalities. However, crucial subtypes the β-adrenergic receptor (AR), as well effects its genetic variants on functions BAT, remains unclear in humans. We conducted association analyses genes encoding β-ARs BAT activity human adults.

Язык: Английский

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