Abstract
RNA
methylation,
a
prevalent
post-transcriptional
modification,
has
garnered
considerable
attention
in
research
circles.
It
exerts
regulatory
control
over
diverse
biological
functions
by
modulating
splicing,
translation,
transport,
and
stability.
Notably,
studies
have
illuminated
the
substantial
impact
of
methylation
on
tumor
immunity.
The
primary
types
encompass
N6-methyladenosine
(m6A),
5-methylcytosine
(m5C),
N1-methyladenosine
(m1A),
N7-methylguanosine
(m7G),
3-methylcytidine
(m3C).
Compelling
evidence
underscores
involvement
regulating
microenvironment
(TME).
By
affecting
translation
stability
through
"writers",
"erasers"
"readers",
influence
dysregulation
immune
cells
factors.
Consequently,
plays
pivotal
role
immunity
mediating
various
behaviors,
encompassing
proliferation,
invasion,
metastasis,
etc.
In
this
review,
we
discussed
mechanisms
several
methylations,
providing
comprehensive
overview
their
roles
underlying
within
among
immunocytes.
exploring
how
these
modifications
mediate
evasion,
also
examine
potential
applications
immunotherapy.
This
review
aims
to
provide
novel
insights
strategies
for
identifying
targets
advancing
cancer
immunotherapy
efficacy.
Abstract
Abnormal
N6-methyladenosine
(m6A)
modification
is
closely
associated
with
the
occurrence,
development,
progression
and
prognosis
of
cancer,
aberrant
m6A
regulators
have
been
identified
as
novel
anticancer
drug
targets.
Both
traditional
medicine-related
approaches
modern
discovery
platforms
used
in
an
attempt
to
develop
m6A-targeted
drugs.
Here,
we
provide
update
latest
findings
on
critical
roles
cancer
progression,
summarize
rational
sources
for
agents
from
medicines
computer-based
chemosynthetic
compounds.
This
review
highlights
potential
targeting
treatment
proposes
advantage
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
m6A-targeting
Graphical
abstract
Three
stages
discovery:
medicine-based
natural
products,
chemical
or
synthesis,
(AI)-assisted
future.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2022
RNA
modifications
have
become
hot
topics
recently.
By
influencing
processes,
including
generation,
transportation,
function,
and
metabolization,
they
act
as
critical
regulators
of
cell
biology.
The
immune
abnormality
in
human
diseases
is
also
a
research
focus
progressing
rapidly
these
years.
Studies
demonstrated
that
participate
the
multiple
biological
processes
cells,
development,
differentiation,
activation,
migration,
polarization,
thereby
modulating
responses
are
involved
some
related
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
present
existing
knowledge
functions
underlying
mechanisms
modifications,
N6-methyladenosine
(m6A),
5-methylcytosine
(m5C),
N1-methyladenosine
(m1A),
N7-methylguanosine
(m7G),
N4-acetylcytosine
(ac4C),
pseudouridine
(Ψ),
uridylation,
adenosine-to-inosine
(A-to-I)
editing,
summarize
their
roles
Via
regulating
can
pathogenesis
diseases,
such
cancers,
infection,
inflammatory
autoimmune
We
further
highlight
challenges
future
directions
based
on
knowledge.
All
all,
review
will
provide
helpful
well
novel
ideas
for
researchers
area.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Май 22, 2023
Abstract
Over
decades,
researchers
have
focused
on
the
epigenetic
control
of
DNA-templated
processes.
Histone
modification,
DNA
methylation,
chromatin
remodeling,
RNA
and
noncoding
RNAs
modulate
many
biological
processes
that
are
crucial
to
development
cancers.
Dysregulation
epigenome
drives
aberrant
transcriptional
programs.
A
growing
body
evidence
suggests
mechanisms
modification
dysregulated
in
human
cancers
might
be
excellent
targets
for
tumor
treatment.
Epigenetics
has
also
been
shown
influence
immunogenicity
immune
cells
involved
antitumor
responses.
Thus,
application
therapy
cancer
immunotherapy
their
combinations
may
important
implications
Here,
we
present
an
up-to-date
thorough
description
how
modifications
cell
responses
microenvironment
(TME)
epigenetics
internally
modify
TME.
Additionally,
highlight
therapeutic
potential
targeting
regulators
immunotherapy.
Harnessing
complex
interplay
between
immunology
develop
therapeutics
combine
thereof
is
challenging
but
could
yield
significant
benefits.
The
purpose
this
review
assist
understanding
impact
TME,
so
better
immunotherapies
can
developed.
Abstract
N
6
-methyladenosine
(m
A)
is
the
most
abundant
epigenetic
modification
of
RNA,
and
its
dysregulation
drives
aberrant
transcription
translation
programs
that
promote
cancer
occurrence
progression.
Although
defective
gene
regulation
resulting
from
m
A
often
affects
oncogenic
tumor-suppressing
networks,
can
also
modulate
tumor
immunogenicity
immune
cells
involved
in
anti-tumor
responses.
Understanding
this
counterintuitive
concept
aid
design
new
drugs
target
to
potentially
improve
outcomes
immunotherapies.
Here,
we
provide
an
up-to-date
comprehensive
overview
how
modifications
intrinsically
affect
alterations
cell
extrinsically
responses
microenvironment
(TME).
We
review
strategies
for
modulating
endogenous
immunity
discuss
challenge
reshaping
TME.
Strategies
include:
combining
specific
efficient
inhibitors
against
regulators
with
checkpoint
blockers;
generating
effective
programmable
gene-editing
system
enables
manipulation
individual
sites;
establishing
enhance
T
or
natural
killer
cells;
using
nanoparticles
specifically
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
deliver
messenger
RNA
small
interfering
A-related
molecules
repolarize
TAMs,
enabling
them
remodel
The
goal
help
field
understand
shape
TME
so
better
immunotherapy
be
designed
developed.
Journal of Clinical Investigation,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
132(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2022
Vaccination
affords
protection
from
disease
by
activating
pathogen-specific
immune
cells
and
facilitating
the
development
of
persistent
immunologic
memory
toward
vaccine-specific
pathogen.
Current
vaccine
regimens
are
often
based
on
efficiency
acute
response,
not
necessarily
generation
cells,
in
part
because
mechanisms
underlying
efficient
remain
incompletely
understood.
This
Review
describes
recent
advances
defining
T
cell
metabolism
how
these
might
be
altered
patients
affected
mitochondrial
diseases
or
metabolic
syndrome,
who
show
higher
susceptibility
to
recurrent
infections
rates
failure.
It
discusses
this
new
understanding
could
add
way
we
think
about
memory,
development,
cancer
immunotherapy.
