npj Biofilms and Microbiomes,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
Complex
molecules-mediated
interactions,
which
are
based
on
the
bidirectional
information
exchange
between
microbes
and
human
cells,
enable
defense
against
diseases
health
maintenance.
Recently,
diverse
single-direction
interactions
active
metabolites,
immunity
factors,
quorum
sensing
signals
have
largely
been
summarized
separately.
In
this
review,
according
to
a
simplified
timeline,
we
proposed
framework
of
Molecules-mediated
Bidirectional
Interactions
(MBI)
microbe
humans
decipher
understand
their
intricate
systematically.
About
microbe-derived
various
molecules,
such
as
short-chain
fatty
acids,
bile
tryptophan
catabolites,
corresponding
receptors.
Concerning
human-derived
reviewed
effect
including
hormones,
cytokines,
other
circulatory
metabolites
microbial
characteristics
phenotypes.
Finally,
discussed
challenges
trends
for
developing
deciphering
molecule-mediated
potential
applications
in
guard
health.
Here,
we
report
that
small
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
in
milk
mediate
the
communication
between
bacteria
and
animal
kingdoms,
increase
divergence
of
intestine,
alter
metabolite
production
by
bacteria.
We
show
bovine
sEVs
select
approximately
55,000
genomic
variants
19
species
from
murine
cecum
ex
vivo.
The
are
transcribed
into
mRNA.
selection
alters
bacterial
metabolism,
leading
to
an
up
12-fold
difference
abundance
more
than
1000
metabolites
cultured
sEV-free
media
compared
sEV-containing
media.
Evidence
is
particularly
strong
sEV
changes
metabolism
sugars,
amino
acids,
purines
which
might
contribute
development
spatial
learning
memory
deficiencies
seizure
phenotypes
reported
for
sEV-depleted
infants
mice.
Human
a
rich
source
sEVs,
whereas
formula
contains
only
trace
amounts
sEVs.
This
implicates
nutritional
altered
microbial
beyond
mere
communities.
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
Complex
molecules-mediated
interactions,
which
are
based
on
the
bidirectional
information
exchange
between
microbes
and
human
cells,
enable
defense
against
diseases
health
maintenance.
Recently,
diverse
single-direction
interactions
active
metabolites,
immunity
factors,
quorum
sensing
signals
have
largely
been
summarized
separately.
In
this
review,
according
to
a
simplified
timeline,
we
proposed
framework
of
Molecules-mediated
Bidirectional
Interactions
(MBI)
microbe
humans
decipher
understand
their
intricate
systematically.
About
microbe-derived
various
molecules,
such
as
short-chain
fatty
acids,
bile
tryptophan
catabolites,
corresponding
receptors.
Concerning
human-derived
reviewed
effect
including
hormones,
cytokines,
other
circulatory
metabolites
microbial
characteristics
phenotypes.
Finally,
discussed
challenges
trends
for
developing
deciphering
molecule-mediated
potential
applications
in
guard
health.