bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024
Abstract
Lifestyle
factors,
particularly
physical
exercise,
significantly
influence
brain
structure
and
cognitive
function
through
a
hormetic
effect
dependent
on
exercise
intensity
duration.
The
underlying
mechanisms
of
this
profile
remain
largely
unexplored.
Recently,
the
gut
microbiota,
has
emerged
potent
modulator
lifestyle-induced
changes
behavior.
Here,
we
demonstrate
that
40-minute
protocol
moderate
enhances
abilities
related
to
object
recognition
memory,
increases
hippocampal
neurogenesis
in
adult
mice
compared
sedentary
controls,
but
these
neurogenic
benefits
vanish
when
or
duration
is
increased.
Furthermore,
identified
significant
alpha-
beta-diversity
distinct
bacteria
composition
profiles
microbiota
associated
with
different
regimens.
Specific
bacterial
families
showed
altered
relative
abundances
depending
duration,
certain
families’
quantities
correlating
performance
(
Angelakisella,
Acetatifactor,
Erysipelatoclostridium
,
Coriobacteriaceae
UCG-002.).
To
parse
causal
mechanisms,
fecal
transplantation
from
exercised
replicated
structural
improvements
observed
donor
animals.
These
findings
suggest
effects
are
mediated
by
corresponding
indicating
novel
mechanistic
link
between
brain,
composition.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025
Summary
As
the
only
gateway
governing
nucleocytoplasmic
transport,
nuclear
pore
complex
(NPC)
maintains
fundamental
cellular
processes
and
deteriorates
with
age.
However,
study
of
age-related
roles
single
NPC
components
remains
challenging
owing
to
complexity
composition.
Here
we
demonstrate
that
master
energy
sensor,
AMPK,
post-translationally
regulates
abundance
nucleoporin
NPP-16/NUP50
in
response
nutrient
availability
energetic
stress.
In
turn,
promotes
transcriptomic
activation
lipid
catabolism
extend
lifespan
Caenorhabditis
elegans
independently
its
role
transport.
Rather,
intrinsically
disordered
region
(IDR)
NPP-16/NUP50,
through
direct
interaction
transcriptional
machinery,
transactivates
promoters
catabolic
genes.
Remarkably,
elevated
levels
are
sufficient
promote
longevity
metabolic
stress
defenses.
AMPK-NUP50
signaling
is
conserved
human,
indicating
bridging
sensing
adaptation
an
ancient
this
axis.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
Neuronal
function
requires
high
energy
expenditure
that
is
likely
customized
to
meet
specific
signaling
demands.
However,
little
known
about
diversity
of
metabolic
homeostasis
among
divergently-functioning
types
neurons.
To
this
end,
we
examined
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs),
a
population
closely
related,
yet
electrophysiologically
distinct
excitatory
projection
Using
in
vivo
2-photon
imaging
measure
ATP
with
single
cell
resolution,
identified
differential
homeostatic
maintenance
the
RGC
correspond
types.
In
presence
circuit
activity,
most
active
type
(Alpha
RGCs),
had
lower
levels
than
other
and
exhibited
greatest
magnitude
decline
when
synthesis
was
inhibited.
By
simultaneously
manipulating
activity
mitochondrial
function,
found
while
oxidative
phosphorylation
required
demands
during
it
expendable
maintain
resting
levels.
We
also
signatures
associated
survival
injury
response
after
axotomy
report
correlation
between
low
increased
survival.
addition,
observed
transient
increases
RGCs
following
axon
injury.
Together,
these
findings
identify
handling
capabilities
dynamically
neurons
implications
for
neuronal
resilience.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Март 28, 2025
Hemiplegia
severely
impairs
patients'
abilities
to
perform
activities
of
daily
living
(ADL),
thus
affecting
their
overall
quality
life
and
independence.
Often
caused
by
stroke
or
other
forms
brain
injury,
hemiparesis
causes
long-term
impairment
upper
lower
limb
function,
hindering
the
patient's
ability
manage
self-care.
With
advances
in
modern
rehabilitation
medicine,
emerging
therapeutic
interventions
such
as
electrophysiological
feedback,
virtual
reality,
robot-assisted
therapy
are
increasingly
being
applied
hemiplegic
patients.
These
interventions,
combined
with
precise
technical
support
through
individualized
training,
have
been
shown
be
effective
improving
function
well
enhancing
ADL
This
paper
reviews
recent
assesses
impact
on
performance,
examines
effectiveness
functional
outcomes
for
findings
suggest
that
approaches
significant
clinical
potential
provide
more
personalized
treatment
strategies
people
hemiplegia.
Physiologia,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5(2), С. 13 - 13
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Neurodegenerative
diseases
represent
a
growing
global
health
challenge
with
limited
therapeutic
options.
Physical
exercise
has
emerged
as
promising
non-pharmacological
intervention
potential
neuroprotective
effects.
This
narrative
review
examines
the
mechanisms
through
which
induces
neuroplasticity
and
their
implications
for
neurodegenerative
disease
prevention.
Methods:
We
synthesized
evidence
from
molecular,
animal,
human
studies
on
exercise-induced
prevention
comprehensive
literature
review.
Results:
Exercise
enhances
multiple
pathways:
(1)
neurotrophic
signaling
(BDNF,
IGF-1,
VEGF),
(2)
neuroendocrine
regulation,
(3)
epigenetic
modifications,
(4)
metabolic
pathway
optimization.
These
molecular
changes
support
structural
adaptations
including
hippocampal
neurogenesis,
enhanced
synaptic
plasticity,
improved
cerebrovascular
function,
optimized
brain
network
connectivity.
directly
impacts
pathological
features
of
by
reducing
protein
aggregation,
attenuating
excitotoxicity
oxidative
stress,
enhancing
mitochondrial
function.
Clinical
consistently
demonstrates
associations
between
physical
activity
reduced
risk,
supporting
causal
benefits
cognitive
function
structure.
Conclusions:
represents
multi-target
addressing
several
simultaneously
across
various
conditions.
Its
accessibility,
minimal
side
effects,
position
it
preventive
strategy.
Future
research
should
focus
understanding
individual
response
variability,
developing
sensitive
biomarkers,
creating
personalized
prescriptions
optimal
neuroprotection.
