Metagenomic next-generation sequencing and galactomannan testing for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis DOI Creative Commons

Jia Yang,

Xuan Wu, Qianqian Zhang

и другие.

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024

To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and galactomannan (GM) testing in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) to compare mNGS with other approaches (serum/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-GM conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) including sputum smears culture, BALF fungal bronchial brushing). In all, 237 patients were enrolled this retrospective study, 120 IPA 117 non-IPA infections treated at Henan Provincial People's Hospital between June 2021 February 2024. The performance was compared methods serum GM, BALF-GM, smear microscopy, brushings, culture. proportion underlying diseases significantly higher group than (P < 0.05). Compared for IPA, showed efficacy, a sensitivity 92.5% specificity 94.02%. area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) BALF-GM diagnosing 0.8, an optimal cutoff 0.546, 66.7%, 82.1%. combination further improved (sensitivity 96.67% 78.63%). has excellent efficacy which is enhanced by combining it testing. This approach considerable potential early diagnosis targeted treatment IPA.

Язык: Английский

Albumin orchestrates a natural host defense mechanism against mucormycosis DOI Creative Commons
Antonis Pikoulas, Ioannis Morianos,

Vassilis Nidris Nidris

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024

Mucormycosis is an emerging, life-threatening human infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Metabolic disorders uniquely predispose ever-expanding group patients to mucormycosis via poorly understood mechanisms. Therefore, it highly likely that uncharacterized host metabolic effectors confer protective immunity against mucormycosis. Here, we uncover a master regulatory role albumin in defense Mucorales through modulation fungal pathogenicity program. Our initial studies identified severe hypoalbuminemia as prominent abnormality and biomarker poor outcome independent cohorts patients. Strikingly, found purified selectively inhibits growth among range pathogens, albumin-deficient mice display susceptibility specifically The antifungal activity mediated release bound free fatty acids (FFAs). Importantly, prevents FFA oxidation, which results loss their properties. A high degree oxidation sera with Physiologically, albumin-bound FFAs blocks expression mycotoxin mucoricin renders avirulent vivo. Overall, discovered novel mechanism directs pathogen suppress its virulence factors response unfavorable cues regulated albumin. These findings have major implications for pathogenesis management

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Fatal Tracheal and Bronchial Destruction Due to Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a 20-Year-Old with Diabetic Ketoacidosis DOI Creative Commons

Qian He,

Huang Xu

Infection and Drug Resistance, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 17, С. 5429 - 5437

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Abstract: Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare and aggressive invasive fungal infection that predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, such as those with diabetes mellitus or undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. This case describes severe instance of pulmonary resulting in progressive tracheal wall destruction young, previously healthy male. A 20-year-old male denied history was admitted to local hospital abdominal pain for 9 days diagnosed acute pancreatitis diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). During his stay at the patient developed respiratory distress transferred our hospital. Although initially given non-invasive support broad-spectrum antibiotics, patient's condition deteriorated mechanical ventilation VV-ECMO were given. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified Rhizopus species, confirming mucormycosis. Aggressive antifungal therapy amphotericin B administered, followed by addition isavuconazole, but lesions continued expand, ultimately leading fatal bronchial disruption subsequent haemorrhage. emphasizes rapid progression extensive tissue characteristics Early diagnosis treatment, especially simultaneous appropriate surgical intervention, are crucial improving prognosis cases. Keywords: mucormycosis, bronchus, necrosis, fiberoptic bronchoscopy

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Non-Aspergillus Pulmonary Mold Infections DOI

Valliappan Muthu,

Arunaloke Chakrabarti

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Performance of Chest CT-Based Artificial Intelligence Models in Distinguishing Pulmonary Mucormycosis, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, and Pulmonary Tuberculosis DOI
Yun Li, Deyan Chen, Youwen Zhang

и другие.

Medical Mycology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024

Abstract In clinical practice, differentiating among pulmonary mucormycosis (PM), invasive aspergillosis (IPA), and tuberculosis (PTB) can be challenging. We aimed to evaluate the performance of chest CT-based artificial intelligence (AI) models in distinguishing these three diseases. Patients with confirmed PM, IPA, or PTB were retrospectively recruited from tertiary hospitals. Two developed: unannotated supervised training (UST) model, trained original CT images annotated (AST) manually lesion images. A network questionnaire 20 cases was designed assess clinicians. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy calculated for both total 61 PM cases, 136 IPA 155 included study. internal validation set, had an 66.1%. The UST model sensitivities 27.3%, 73.9%, 76.0% PTB, while AST 9.1%, 69.6%, 88.0% same conditions. external 57.6%. 0, 85.7%, 53.3% respectively, 42.9% 83.3%. 112 clinicians 42.9%, 31.5%, 43.4%, 48.0% PTB. demonstrated that two AI showed comparable diagnosing Both effectively detected but struggled identify PM.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Factors Influencing Mortality in COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis - The International ID-IRI Study DOI
Meyha Şahin, Mesut Yılmaz, Ali Mert

и другие.

Medical Mycology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 62(7)

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024

The emergence of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), triggered a global pandemic. Concurrently, reports mucormycosis cases surged, particularly during the second wave in India. This study aims to investigate mortality factors COVID-19-associated (CAM) cases, exploring clinical, demographic, and therapeutic variables across mostly Asian partly African countries. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis CAM patients from 22 medical centers eight countries was conducted, focusing on first 3 months post-COVID-19 diagnosis. Data collected through ID-IRI included demographics, comorbidities, treatments, outcomes. total 162 were included. mean age 54.29 ± 13.04 years, with 54% male. Diabetes mellitus (85%) prevalent, 91% had rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis. Surgical debridement performed 84% cases. Mortality 39%, advanced (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.06, [P < .001]), rituximab use (HR 21.2, P .05), diabetic ketoacidosis 3.58, .009) identified as risk factors. increases approximately 5.6% for each additional year age. based organ involvement correlated higher survival 8.81, .001). utilization ketoacidosis, along advancing age, has been associated an increased patients. combination antifungal treatment surgical intervention demonstrated substantial improvement

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Diagnostic Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing and Galactomannan Test in Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis DOI Creative Commons

Jia Yang,

Xuan Wu, Qianqian Zhang

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Abstract Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and galactomannan (GM) testing in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) to compare mNGS with other approaches (serum/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-GM conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) including sputum smears culture, BALF fungal bronchial brushing). Materials Methods In all, 237 patients were enrolled this retrospective study, 120 IPA 117 non-IPA infections treated at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital between June 2021 February 2024. The performance was compared methods serum GM, BALF-GM, smear microscopy, brushings, culture. Results proportion underlying diseases significantly higher group than (P < 0.05). Compared for IPA, showed efficacy, a sensitivity 92.5% specificity 94.02%. area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) BALF-GM diagnosing 0.8, an optimal cutoff 0.546, 66.7%, 82.1%. combination further improved (sensitivity 96.67% 78.63%). Conclusion has excellent efficacy which is enhanced by combining it testing. This approach considerable potential early diagnosis targeted treatment IPA.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing and galactomannan testing for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis DOI Creative Commons

Jia Yang,

Xuan Wu, Qianqian Zhang

и другие.

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024

To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and galactomannan (GM) testing in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) to compare mNGS with other approaches (serum/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-GM conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) including sputum smears culture, BALF fungal bronchial brushing). In all, 237 patients were enrolled this retrospective study, 120 IPA 117 non-IPA infections treated at Henan Provincial People's Hospital between June 2021 February 2024. The performance was compared methods serum GM, BALF-GM, smear microscopy, brushings, culture. proportion underlying diseases significantly higher group than (P < 0.05). Compared for IPA, showed efficacy, a sensitivity 92.5% specificity 94.02%. area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) BALF-GM diagnosing 0.8, an optimal cutoff 0.546, 66.7%, 82.1%. combination further improved (sensitivity 96.67% 78.63%). has excellent efficacy which is enhanced by combining it testing. This approach considerable potential early diagnosis targeted treatment IPA.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0