Editorial: Newest challenges and advances in the treatment of colorectal disorders; from predictive biomarkers to minimally invasive techniques

Frontiers in Surgery, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2024

One study by Zheng et al. (2023) provides a detailed comparative analysis of laparoscopicassisted transanal natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) versus conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) for sigmoid and rectal cancer (1). Among 121 patients, NOSE was associated with shorter total incision length, highlighting its cosmetic advantage. However, this benefit offset longer operation time compared to CLS. Importantly, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications, such as bacterial culture positivity, intra-abdominal infections, or anastomotic leakage, nor overall survival (OS) disease-free (DFS) outcomes between the two groups. The findings suggest that while may be particularly suitable patients who prioritize outcomes, extended operative duration warrants careful consideration clinical decision-making.In another contribution, Hongan conducted systematic review metaanalysis assess impact adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on nodenegative CRC focus presence perineural invasion (PNI) (2). Their revealed ACT significantly improved OS DFS PNI, hazard ratios (HR) 0.52 0.53, respectively. did not affect without PNI. These underscore potential beneficial intervention also suggesting it confer some advantage those PNI.Colorectal (CRC) is characterized genetic, anatomical, transcriptional diversity. tumor microenvironment (TME) plays critical role prognosis treatment outcomes. It consists various cellular components like cancerassociated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, well extracellular elements contribute therapeutic resistance through mechanisms fibrosis enzymatic degradation. Given influence therapy efficacy, TME presents promising area drug discovery, ongoing research focused targeting improve strategies (3).Colorectal BRAF V600E mutation aggressive resistant therapies, largely due enhanced MAPK pathway activation. Although inhibitors have shown limited success, combining these immune checkpoint (ICIs) offers promise, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumors ( 4).The Jiang 2023) investigated relationship collagen structure Immunoscore (5). Using multiphoton imaging, they developed signature from 327 stage I-III which strongly correlated Immunoscore. A nomogram subsequently constructed, integrating clinicopathological predictors. This demonstrated high predictive accuracy prognosis, high-risk II III valuable tool identifying might most chemotherapy. highlights biomarker immunological activity within TME, offering novel approach CRC. pT4M0 colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), analyzing optimal using data SEER database (6). study, included 8,843 received combined had better 3-year cancer-specific (CSS) rates underwent alone. developed, incorporating variables age, race, N stage, serum CEA levels, differentiation, number resected lymph nodes, demonstrating strong accuracy. emphasizes importance chemoradiotherapy improving long-term COAD patients.In realm Bai utility contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) evaluating response neoadjuvant locally advanced (LARC) (7). retrospective 83 found certain CEUS parameters, peak intensity (PI) under curve (AUC), Patients higher PI AUC values, along poorly differentiated tumors, worse progression-free (PFS). quantitative noninvasive predicting LARC patients.Zhong (2024) examined factors achieving pathologic complete (pCR) treated chemoradiation (nCRT) (8). identified gross volume (GTV) differentiation predictors pCR, threshold 21.1 cm³ showing sensitivity pCR. GTV are crucial preoperative assessments, helping clinicians tailoring plans more effectively.Gallo reported that, minimally invasive techniques SILS transformed colorectal surgery, patient reducing recovery times hospital stays. Emerging technologies, including robotic platforms AI integration, further enhancing surgical precision, setting future advancements care (9).A multicenter 5,398 surgeries, independent risk sex, BMI, location, (10). leak incidence 10.2%, 2.6% 30-day leakrelated mortality. While protective stomas reduce leakage rates, effectively minimized severity need reoperation. introduced prediction model, RALAR score, individual guide decisions stoma construction post-resection. assist optimizing planning outcomes.A Zhao pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) other features assessment (11). PIV, when markers CA19-9, efficacy staging immune-inflammatory biomarkers.Lastly, Verras Mulita explored butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) site infections (SSIs) after (12). prospective low BChE levels first third days SSIs. suggests could serve early marker at increased infection, thereby enabling timely targeted interventions.Benign diseases include variety conditions adenomatous polyps, diverticular disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (13). pose challenges management, accurately lesions require can monitored safely. Over-diagnosis lead unnecessary interventions, increasing anxiety, complications healthcare costs. Additionally, managing diseases, diverticulitis, adds complexity. Future directions should screening techniques, imaging molecular diagnostics characterization lesions. Research into biomarkers detection stratification IBD personalized approaches.In daily practice, recent studies enhance decision-making assessments treatments. For instance, pan-immuneinflammation useful progression cancer. score aids guiding decisions. help predict interventions outcomes.In conclusion, collectively advance our understanding new prognostic tools insights effectiveness strategies. As medicine continues evolve, integration biomarkers, tailored approaches will essential disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling radiobiological traits and therapeutic responses of BRAFV600E-mutant colorectal cancer via patient-derived organoids

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Abstract Background Radiotherapy (RT) is an essential treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the factors influencing radiosensitivity remain unclear. In quest to enhance therapeutic efficacy in CRC, interplay between genetic mutations and RT sensitivity has emerged as a pivotal enigmatic area. Methods We harness fidelity of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) dissect molecular landscape radiosensitivity, with particular emphasis on BRAF V600E mutations. To further investigate, cohort 9 -mutant 10 wild-type PDOs constructed systematically assess radiobiological traits including morphology, cell viability, DNA damage, while also evaluating their responses chemotherapy chemoradiotherapy. Results Our systematic investigation unveils profound correlation mutation status radioresistance, which validated by clinical responses. Intriguingly, exhibit reduced conventional chemotherapy, demonstrate enhanced response combined chemoradiotherapy, characterized increased apoptosis. The results are through vivo analyses using organoid xenograft mouse models aligned patient outcomes. Conclusions This study outlines distinct profile underscoring critical role radiotherapy comprehensive strategies. work not only advances our understanding CRC but paves way precision medicine, offering valuable insights decision-making management CRC.

Язык: Английский

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Prognostic gene expression profile of colorectal cancer

Gene, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 149433 - 149433

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Proteomics and Genomics in the Development of Colorectal Cancer Diagnostic Tools and Potential New Treatments

ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

The complex molecular mechanisms involving genetic and epigenetic modifications contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC), which remains a significant threat world health. This review elucidates the role of proteomics genomics in progression, diagnosis, treatment cancers. All potential key pathways involved CRC, including WNT, MAPK, PI3K, TGF-β pathways, are reviewed with systematic analysis, concluding their involvement tumorigenesis therapeutic resistance. Emerging next-generation sequencing technologies revealed critical mutations that relevant CRC development. Proteomics has contributed identifying biomarkers post-translational hold promise for targeted therapies. Recent technological advances have provided functional insights into protein signaling networks through mass spectrometry integrated proteogenomic approaches. work emphasizes biomarker-driven translational efforts integrate genomic expression profiles refine personalized treatments. application innovations liquid biopsy computational biology advocates precision medicine paths improve outcomes CRC. Now, pharmacoproteomics offers novel domains drug discovery resistance management serves as foundation comprehensive paradigms.

Язык: Английский

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Research Progress on Colorectal Cancer Associated with Lynch Syndrome

Journal of Clinical Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 04(02), С. 1017 - 1024

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Advances in BRAF mutated colorectal cancer-could deoxycholic acid be the culprit?

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 189347 - 189347

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Signature Gene Mutations in Colorectal Cancer: Potential Neoantigens for Cancer Vaccines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(10), С. 4559 - 4559

Опубликована: Май 9, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common worldwide, is one of deadliest cancers. CRC known as a cold tumor, characterized by low immune response that makes it difficult for cells to infiltrate and exhibits strong resistance immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibition. This restricted largely attributed signature gene mutations including mismatch repair (MMR) genes, KRAS, BRAF, APC, TP53, which are also main oncogenes in CRC. Mutated genes continuously upregulate abnormal signaling pathways, leading excessive proliferation, progression, metastasis. Furthermore, reorganizes tumor microenvironment (TME) recruiting immunosuppressive cells. However, mutation can produce neoantigens provoke an response, making potential target immunotherapy. In particular, vaccines leverage neoantigenic properties these considered promising overcoming eliciting anti-tumor responses. this review, we will describe focus on targeting therapies

Язык: Английский

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