Circadian Rhythm and Sleep Disruption: Causes, Metabolic Consequences, and Countermeasures

Endocrine Reviews, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 37(6), С. 584 - 608

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2016

Abstract Circadian (∼24-hour) timing systems pervade all kingdoms of life and temporally optimize behavior physiology in humans. Relatively recent changes to our environments, such as the introduction artificial lighting, can disorganize circadian system, from level molecular clocks that regulate cellular activities synchronization between daily cycles solar day. Sleep/wake are intertwined with global trends indicate these, too, increasingly subject disruption. A large proportion world's population is at increased risk environmentally driven rhythm sleep disruption, a minority individuals also genetically predisposed misalignment disorders. The consequences disruption system profound include myriad metabolic ramifications, some which may be compounded by adverse effects on dietary choices. If not addressed, deleterious will continue cause widespread health problems; therefore, implementation numerous behavioral pharmaceutical interventions help restore alignment enhance important.

Язык: Английский

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Comparison between an African town and a neighbouring village shows delayed, but not decreased, sleep during the early stages of urbanisation

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2017

The well-established negative health outcomes of sleep deprivation, and the suggestion that availability electricity may enable later bed times without compensating extension in morning, have stimulated interest studying communities whose pattern resemble a pre-industrial state. Here, we describe activity two neighbouring communities, one urban (Milange) rural (Tengua), region Mozambique where urbanisation is an ongoing process. differ amount timing daily light exposure, with bedtimes (≈1 h) associated more evening less daytime exposure seen town Milange. In contrast to previous reports comparing electricity, duration did not between Milange (7.28 Tengua (7.23 h). Notably, calculated quality was significantly poorer than Milange, poor number attributes characteristic areas, including intense physical labour comfortable sleeping arrangements. Thus, whilst our data support hypothesis access delays timing, higher population also suggests some aspects industrialisation are beneficial sleep.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and mood

Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 23(3), С. 147 - 156

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2019

Humans live in a 24-hour environment, which light and darkness follow diurnal pattern. Our circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) hypothalamus, is entrained to solar day via pathway from retina synchronises our internal biological rhythms. Rhythmic variations ambient illumination impact behaviours such as rest during sleep activity wakefulness well their underlying processes. Rather recently, availability of artificial has substantially changed especially evening night hours. This may increase risk developing rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWD), are often caused by misalignment endogenous rhythms external light-dark cycles. While exact relationship between CRSWD remains be established, nocturnal been shown alter humans. On other hand, can also used an effective noninvasive therapeutic option with little no side effects, improve sleep,mood general well-being. article reviews current state knowledge regarding effects on rhythms, sleep, mood.

Язык: Английский

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High sensitivity and interindividual variability in the response of the human circadian system to evening light

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 116(24), С. 12019 - 12024

Опубликована: Май 28, 2019

Before the invention of electric lighting, humans were primarily exposed to intense (>300 lux) or dim (<30 environmental light-stimuli at extreme ends circadian system's dose-response curve light. Today, spend hours per day intermediate light intensities (30-300 lux), particularly in evening. Interindividual differences sensitivity evening this intensity range could therefore represent a source vulnerability disruption by modern lighting. We characterized individual-level curves light-induced melatonin suppression using within-subjects protocol. Fifty-five participants (aged 18-30) control (<1 and experimental levels (10-2,000 lux for 5 h) Melatonin was determined each level, effective dose 50% (ED50) computed individual group levels. The group-level fitted ED50 24.60 lux, indicating that system is highly sensitive typical indoor Light 10, 30, 50 resulted later apparent onsets 22, 77, 109 min, respectively. Individual-level values ranged over an order magnitude (6 most individual, 350 least individual), with 26% coefficient variation. These findings demonstrate same evening-light environment registered very differently between individuals. This interindividual variability may be important factor determining clock's role human health disease.

Язык: Английский

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The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(2), С. 82 - 97

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Nighttime temperature and human sleep loss in a changing climate

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 3(5)

Опубликована: Май 5, 2017

Human sleep is highly regulated by temperature. Might climate change-through increases in nighttime heat-disrupt the future? We conduct inaugural investigation of relationship between climatic anomalies, reports insufficient sleep, and projected change. Using data from 765,000 U.S. survey respondents 2002 to 2011, coupled with temperature data, we show that temperatures amplify self-reported nights sleep. observe largest effects during summer among both lower-income elderly respondents. combine our historical estimates model projections detail potential impacts future changes. Our study represents ever ambient provides first evidence change may disrupt human

Язык: Английский

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Slow-wave sleep: From the cell to the clinic

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 41, С. 113 - 132

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Hunter‐gatherers as models in public health

Obesity Reviews, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 19(S1), С. 24 - 35

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2018

Hunter-gatherer populations are remarkable for their excellent metabolic and cardiovascular health thus often used as models in public health, an effort to understand the root, evolutionary causes of non-communicable diseases. Here, we review recent work on activity, energetics diet among hunter-gatherers other small-scale societies (e.g. subsistence farmers, horticulturalists pastoralists), well fossil archaeological discoveries, provide a more comprehensive perspective lifestyle these populations. We supplement analyses with new data from Hadza, hunter-gatherer population northern Tanzania. Longevity approaches that industrialized populations, disease rare. Obesity prevalence is very low (<5%), mean body fat percentage modest (women: 24-28%, men: 9-18%). Activity levels high, exceeding 100 min d-1 moderate vigorous physical but daily energy expenditures similar Diets tend be less dense richer fibre micronutrients than modern diets not invariably carbohydrate sometimes argued. A integrative understanding lifestyle, including elements beyond will improve efforts

Язык: Английский

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Sleep timing, chronotype and social jetlag: Impact on cognitive abilities and psychiatric disorders

Biochemical Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 191, С. 114438 - 114438

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Circadian rhythms and disorders of the timing of sleep

The Lancet, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 400(10357), С. 1061 - 1078

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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