Comparative Genomics Underlines Multiple Roles of Profftella, an Obligate Symbiont of Psyllids: Providing Toxins, Vitamins, and Carotenoids

Genome Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(11), С. 1975 - 1987

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2020

The Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psylloidea), a serious pest of species worldwide, harbors vertically transmitted intracellular mutualists, Candidatus Profftella armatura (Profftella_DC, Gammaproteobacteria: Burkholderiales) and Carsonella ruddii (Carsonella_DC, Oceanospirillales). Whereas Carsonella_DC is typical nutritional symbiont, Profftella_DC unique defensive symbiont with organelle-like features, including localization within the host, perfect infection in host populations, vertical transmission over evolutionary time, drastic genome reduction down to much less than 1 Mb. Large parts 460-kb are devoted genes for synthesizing polyketide toxin; diaphorin. To better understand evolution this unusual present study analyzed Profftella_Dco, sister lineage Profftella_DC, using cf. continua, congeneric D. citri. coresiding (Carsonella_Dco) was also analyzed. analysis revealed nearly synteny conservation these genomes their counterparts from substitution rate further demonstrated genomic stability which comparable that Carsonella. Profftella_Dco shared all biosynthesis diaphorin, hemolysin, riboflavin, biotin, carotenoids, underlining multiple roles Profftella, may contribute stabilizing symbiotic relationships host. However, acyl carrier proteins were extensively amplified synthases DipP DipT diaphorin synthesis Profftella_Dco. This level protein augmentation, unprecedented modular any known organism, not thought influence structure but improve efficiency.

Язык: Английский

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Multiple origins of obligate nematode and insect symbionts by a clade of bacteria closely related to plant pathogens

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(50), С. 31979 - 31986

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2020

Obligate symbioses involving intracellular bacteria have transformed eukaryotic life, from providing aerobic respiration and photosynthesis to enabling colonization of previously inaccessible niches, such as feeding on xylem phloem, surviving in deep-sea hydrothermal vents. A major challenge the study obligate is understand how they arise. Because best studied are ancient, it especially challenging identify early or intermediate stages. Here we report discovery a nascent symbiosis Howardula aoronymphium, well-studied nematode parasite Drosophila flies. We found that Haoronymphium its sister species harbor maternally inherited bacterial symbiont. never find symbiont nematode-free flies, virtually all nematodes field laboratory infected. Treating with antibiotics causes severe reduction fly infection success. The association recent, more distantly related insect-parasitic tylenchid do not host these endosymbionts. also member widespread monophyletic group invertebrate host-associated microbes has independently given rise at least four symbioses, one three insects, Pectobacterium, lineage plant pathogenic bacteria. Comparative genomic analysis this group, which name Candidatus Symbiopectobacterium, shows signatures genome erosion characteristic stages symbiosis, symbiont's containing over thousand predicted pseudogenes, comprising third genome.

Язык: Английский

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The Genomics and Cell Biology of Host-Beneficial Intracellular Infections

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 37(1), С. 115 - 142

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2021

Microbes gain access to eukaryotic cells as food for bacteria-grazing protists, host protection by microbe-killing immune cells, or microbial benefit when pathogens enter replicate. But microbes can also a cell and become an important-often required-beneficial partner. The oldest beneficial infections are the ancient organelles now called mitochondrion plastid. numerous other host-beneficial intracellular occur throughout eukaryotes. Here I review genomics biology of these interactions with focus on bacteria. genomes bacteria have features that span previously unfilled gap between organelles. Host adaptations allow persistence found along evidence manipulation but cellular mechanisms bacterial not well understood.

Язык: Английский

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Temperature effects on cellular host-microbe interactions explain continent-wide endosymbiont prevalence

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 32(4), С. 878 - 888.e8

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

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A dual endosymbiosis supports nutritional adaptation to hematophagy in the invasive tick Hyalomma marginatum

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2021

Many animals are dependent on microbial partners that provide essential nutrients lacking from their diet. Ticks, whose diet consists exclusively vertebrate blood, rely maternally inherited bacterial symbionts to supply B vitamins. While previously studied tick species consistently harbor a single lineage of those nutritional symbionts, we evidence here the invasive Hyalomma marginatum harbors unique dual-partner system between an ancestral symbiont, Francisella , and more recently acquired Midichloria . Using metagenomics, show exhibits extensive genome erosion endangers symbiotic interactions. Its includes folate riboflavin biosynthesis pathways but deprived functional biotin account massive pseudogenization. Co-symbiosis compensates this deficiency since encompasses intact operon, which was primarily via lateral gene transfer unrelated intracellular bacteria commonly infecting arthropods. Thus, in H. mosaic co-evolved incorporating combinations distant phylogenetic origins emerged prevent collapse symbiosis. Such dual endosymbiosis never reported other blood feeders documented agricultural pests feeding plant sap, suggesting it may be key mechanism for advanced adaptation arthropods specialized diets.

Язык: Английский

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