Ancestral photoreceptor diversity as the basis of visual behaviour

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(3), С. 374 - 386

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The multi-level regulation of clownfish metamorphosis by thyroid hormones

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(7), С. 112661 - 112661

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Most marine organisms have a biphasic life cycle during which pelagic larvae transform into radically different juveniles. In vertebrates, the role of thyroid hormones (THs) in triggering this transition is well known, but how morphological and physiological changes are integrated coherent way with ecological remains poorly explored. To gain insight question, we performed an analysis metamorphosis teleost, false clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris). We show THs coordinate change color vision as major metabolic shift energy production, highlighting it orchestrates transformation. By manipulating activity liver X regulator (LXR), metabolism, also identify tight link between progression. Strikingly, observed that these regulations at play wild, explaining needs available resources cycle.

Язык: Английский

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From water to land: Evolution of photoreceptor circuits for vision in air

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1), С. e3002422 - e3002422

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

When vertebrates first conquered the land, they encountered a visual world that was radically distinct from of their aquatic ancestors. Fish exploit strong wavelength-dependent interactions light with water by differentially feeding signals up to 5 spectral photoreceptor types into behavioural programmes. However, above same rules do not apply, and this called for an update circuit strategies. Early tetrapods soon evolved double cone, still poorly understood pair new photoreceptors brought “ancestral terrestrial” complement 7. Subsequent nonmammalian lineages adapted highly parallelised retinal input strategy diverse ecologies. By contrast, mammals shed most ancestral converged on is exceptionally general. In eutherian including in humans, parallelisation emerges gradually as signal traverses layers retina brain.

Язык: Английский

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Protocol to perform ex vivo electroretinography on adult zebrafish

STAR Protocols, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6(1), С. 103565 - 103565

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Comparative transcriptomic insights into the evolution of vertebrate photoreceptor types

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(5), С. e3003157 - e3003157

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Vertebrate photoreceptors have been studied for well over a century, but fixed nomenclature referring to orthologous cell types across diverse species has lacking. Instead, variably—and often confusingly—named according morphology, presence/absence of ‘rhodopsin’, spectral sensitivity, chromophore usage, and/or the gene family opsin(s) they express. Here, we propose unified vertebrate rods and cones that aligns with naming systems other retinal classes is based on photoreceptor type’s putative evolutionary history. This classification informed by functional, anatomical, developmental, molecular identities neuron as whole, including expression deeply conserved transcription factors required development. The proposed names will be applicable all vertebrates indicative widest possible range properties, their postsynaptic wiring, hence allude common species-specific roles in vision. Furthermore, system open-ended accommodate future discovery as-yet unknown types.

Язык: Английский

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Ancestral circuits for vertebrate color vision emerge at the first retinal synapse

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(42)

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2021

In vivo recordings of cone photoreceptor outputs in a tetrachromate reveal efficient ancestral strategy for color processing.

Язык: Английский

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Birds multiplex spectral and temporal visual information via retinal On- and Off-channels

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023

In vertebrate vision, early retinal circuits divide incoming visual information into functionally opposite elementary signals: On and Off, transient sustained, chromatic achromatic. Together these signals can yield an efficient representation of the scene for transmission to brain via optic nerve. However, this long-standing interpretation function is based on mammals, it unclear whether functional arrangement common all vertebrates. Here we show that male poultry chicks use a fundamentally different strategy communicate from eye brain. Rather than using pairs output channels, encode polarity, timing, spectral composition stimuli in highly correlated manner: fast achromatic encoded by Off-circuits, slow overwhelmingly On-circuits. Moreover, most channels combine On- Off-circuits simultaneously encode, or multiplex, both information. Our results birds conform evidence fish, amphibians, reptiles which retain full ancestral complement four types cone photoreceptors.

Язык: Английский

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Ultraviolet vision in anemonefish improves colour discrimination

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 227(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

ABSTRACT In many animals, ultraviolet (UV) vision guides navigation, foraging, and communication, but few studies have addressed the contribution of UV signals to colour vision, or measured discrimination thresholds using behavioural experiments. Here, we tested in an anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) a five-channel (RGB-V-UV) LED display. We first determined that maximal sensitivity A. ocellaris cone was ∼386 nm microspectrophotometry. Three additional spectral sensitivities had maxima at ∼497, 515 ∼535 nm. then behaviourally by training distinguish coloured target pixel from grey distractor pixels varying intensity. Thresholds were calculated for nine sets colours with without signals. Using tetrachromatic model, found better (i.e. lower) discriminating when higher chromatic contrast. These caused greater stimulation relative other types. findings imply component cues improves their detectability, which likely increases prominence body patterns communication silhouette zooplankton prey.

Язык: Английский

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The vertebrate retina: a window into the evolution of computation in the brain

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 57, С. 101391 - 101391

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Animal brains are probably the most complex computational machines on our planet, and like everything in biology, they product of evolution. Advances developmental palaeobiology have been expanding general understanding how nervous systems can change at a molecular structural level. However, these changes translate into altered function — that is, 'computation' remains comparatively sparsely explored. What, concretely, does it mean for neuronal computation when neurons their morphology connectivity, new appear or old ones disappear, transmitter slowly modified over many generations? And evolution use possible knobs dials to constantly tune give rise amazing diversity animal behaviours we see today? Addressing major gaps benefits from choosing suitable model system. Here, I present vertebrate retina as one perhaps unusually promising candidate. The is ancient displays highly conserved core organisational principles across entire lineage, alongside myriad adjustments extant species were shaped by history visual ecology. Moreover, logic readily interrogated experimentally, existing retinal circuits handful serve an anchor exploring circuit adaptations tree life, fish deep aphotic zone oceans eagles soaring high up sky.

Язык: Английский

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