Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
42(10), С. 113297 - 113297
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023
Comparative
studies
of
related
but
ecologically
distinct
species
can
reveal
how
the
nervous
system
evolves
to
drive
behaviors
that
are
particularly
suited
certain
environments.
Drosophila
melanogaster
is
a
generalist
feeds
and
oviposits
on
most
overripe
fruits.
A
sibling
species,
D.
sechellia,
an
obligate
specialist
Morinda
citrifolia
(noni)
fruit,
which
rich
in
fatty
acids
(FAs).
To
understand
evolution
noni
taste
preference,
we
characterized
behavioral
cellular
responses
noni-associated
FAs
three
drosophilids.
We
find
mixtures
sugar
evoke
strong
aversion
not
sechellia.
Surveys
sensory
FA-
species-specific
differences
at
least
two
mechanisms—bitter
neuron
activation
sweet
inhibition–that
correlate
with
shifts
preference.
Chemoreceptor
mutant
analysis
predicts
multiple
genetic
changes
account
for
gustatory
preference
Annual Review of Physiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
85(1), С. 25 - 45
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2022
Salt
taste,
the
taste
of
sodium
chloride
(NaCl),
is
mechanistically
one
most
complex
and
puzzling
among
basic
tastes.
Sodium
has
essential
functions
in
body
but
causes
harm
excess.
Thus,
animals
use
salt
to
ingest
right
amount
salt,
which
fluctuates
by
physiological
needs:
typically,
attraction
low
concentrations
rejection
high
salt.
This
concentration-valence
relationship
universally
observed
terrestrial
animals,
research
revealed
peripheral
codes
for
NaCl
involving
multiple
pathways
opposing
valence.
Sodium-dependent
-independent
mediate
aversion
NaCl,
respectively.
Gustatory
sensors
cells
that
transduce
have
been
uncovered,
along
with
downstream
signal
transduction
neurotransmission
mechanisms.
However,
much
remains
unknown.
article
reviews
classical
recent
advances
our
understanding
molecular
cellular
mechanisms
underlying
mammals
insects
discusses
perspectives
on
human
taste.
iScience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
26(5), С. 106607 - 106607
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2023
Increasing
pollution
of
heavy
metals
poses
great
risks
to
animals
globally.
Their
survival
likely
relies
on
an
ability
detect
and
avoid
harmful
metal
ions
(HMIs).
Currently,
little
is
known
about
the
neural
mechanisms
HMI
detection.
Here,
we
show
that
Drosophila
related
species
Drosophilidae
actively
toxic
HMIs
at
micromolar
concentrations.
The
high
sensitivity
biologically
relevant.
Particularly,
their
cadmium
as
most
bitter
substance,
denatonium.
Detection
in
food
requires
Gr66a+
gustatory
neurons
but
independent
bitter-taste
receptors.
In
these
neurons,
ionotropic
receptors
IR76b,
IR25a,
IR7a
are
required
for
perception
metals.
Furthermore,
IR47a
mediates
activation
a
distinct
group
non-Gr66a+
elicited
by
HMIs.
Together,
our
findings
reveal
surprising
taste
quality
represented
noxious
ions.
Salt
(NaCl),
is
an
essential
nutrient
for
survival,
while
excessive
salt
can
be
detrimental.
In
the
fruit
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
internal
taste
organs
in
pharynx
are
critical
gatekeepers
impacting
decision
to
accept
or
reject
a
food.
Currently,
our
understanding
of
mechanism
through
which
pharyngeal
gustatory
receptor
neurons
(GRNs)
sense
high
rudimentary.
Here,
we
found
that
member
ionotropic
family,
Ir60b
expressed
exclusively
pair
GRNs
activated
by
salt.
Using
two-way
choice
assay
(DrosoX)
measure
ingestion
volume,
demonstrate
IR60b
and
two
co-receptors
IR25a
IR76b
required
prevent
consumption.
Mutants
lacking
external
but
retaining
exhibit
much
higher
avoidance
than
flies
with
all
missing
three
IRs.
Our
findings
highlight
vital
role
IRs
GRN
control
iScience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
27(6), С. 110087 - 110087
Опубликована: Май 23, 2024
Taste
organs
contain
distinct
gustatory
receptors
that
help
organisms
differentiate
between
nourishing
and
potentially
harmful
foods.
The
detection
of
high
pH
levels
plays
a
crucial
role
in
food
selection,
but
the
specific
responsible
for
perceiving
elevated
foods
have
remained
unknown.
By
using
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024
Across
species,
taste
provides
important
chemical
information
about
potential
food
sources
and
the
surrounding
environment.
As
details
chemicals
receptors
responsible
for
gustation
are
discovered,
a
complex
view
of
system
is
emerging
with
significant
contributions
from
research
using
fruit
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
as
model
organism.
In
this
brief
review,
we
summarize
recent
advances
in
their
relevance
to
more
broadly.
Our
goal
highlight
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
first
step
gustatory
circuits:
ligand-receptor
interactions
primary
cells.
After
an
introduction
how
it
encodes
canonical
modalities
sweet,
bitter,
salty,
describe
insights
into
nature
carboxylic
acid
amino
detection
context
sour
umami
taste,
respectively.
analysis
extends
non-canonical
including
metals,
fatty
acids,
bacterial
components,
highlights
unexpected
signaling
pathways
that
have
recently
been
identified
Comparing
intricate
cellular
underpinnings
ligands
detected
vivo
flies
reveals
both
specific
promiscuous
receptor
selectivity
encoding.
Throughout
compare
contextualize
these
findings
mammalian
not
only
emphasize
conservation
chemosensory
systems,
but
demonstrate
power
organism
elucidating
neurobiology
feeding.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(8), С. 114625 - 114625
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Chemosensory
cells
across
the
body
of
Drosophila
melanogaster
evaluate
environment
to
prioritize
certain
behaviors.
Previous
mapping
gustatory
receptor
neurons
(GRNs)
on
fly
labellum
identified
a
set
in
L-type
sensilla
that
express
Ionotropic
Receptor
94e
(IR94e),
but
impact
IR94e
GRNs
behavior
remains
unclear.
We
used
optogenetics
and
chemogenetics
activate
found
they
drive
mild
feeding
suppression
enhance
egg
laying.
In
vivo
calcium
imaging
revealed
respond
strongly
amino
acids,
including
glutamate,
plus
co-receptors
IR25a
IR76b
are
required
for
acid
detection.
Furthermore,
mutants
show
behavioral
changes
solutions
containing
increased
consumption
decreased
Overall,
our
results
suggest
discourage
encourage
laying
as
part
an
important
switch
response
chemical
cues.
